Vedran Čačić <vedgar@gmail.com> added the comment: Well, then "what name is in which namespace" is relative to which function we're considering. In my example above, imagine aa has x declared, bb has y, and cc has z. Then y and z are in the same namespace when we look from the perspective of aa, but they are not in the same namespace from the perspective of bb. Even worse, cc sees z but doesn't see y. How can they be in the same namespace then? I always thought about namespaces as mappings from names to objects, independent of perspective. Whether two names are in the same namespace, should be a question with an objective answer. ---------- _______________________________________ Python tracker <report@bugs.python.org> <https://bugs.python.org/issue26205> _______________________________________