https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html I've got it set to English, 3.12.3. The "up" after "cleanup" should be deleted. ExitStack<https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html#contextlib.ExitStack> makes it possible to instead register a callback for execution at the end of a with statement, and then later decide to skip executing that callback: from contextlib import ExitStack with ExitStack() as stack: stack.callback(cleanup_resources) result = perform_operation() if result: stack.pop_all() This allows the intended cleanup up behaviour to be made explicit up front, rather than requiring a separate flag variable. Michael L. Kass | Leidos Sr Software Developer Transportation Solutions (ERAM Software) michael.kass@leidos.com<mailto:michael.kass@leidos.com> | www.leidos.com +1 (301) 240-5734 O