So I attended Guido's 'Why I Invented Python' talk in conference room VV today (Swedes like V and K above other letters, it seems to me). I learned quite a bit of history from this talk. He paid a lot of tribute to ABC (a language for non-programmers needing to write programs) for being inspirational, but he also learned from its failures, and its "world-wide non-adoption." Python would be different (and it was). Whereas ABC was for non-professional programmers, Python was designed from the ground up to be a tool for pro programmers. It was also meant to be a project one person could implement, so Guido dropped certain features of ABC, even if he liked them, if the implementation was hairy (e.g. type inferencing). Chief among ABC's features that he wanted to keep: the interactive prompt. Indeed, this is a feature of Python that newcomers to the language often say they most appreciate (even if they've programmed before -- immediate feedback is a great way to attain mastery relatively quickly). [ In my own case, coming from dBase and its "dot prompt" (and previously APL) I'd come to take such interactivity for granted, and probably would never have invested in Python had it been lacking this advantageous feature. ] I hadn't realized he first developed Python on a Fat Mac, but always with the intent to make it cross-platform, i.e. to run on Amoeba, the OS he was working on at the time, and Unix, the production OS at work. Python was first conceived as a scripting language for Amoeba, something to fill the gap between the shell and C programming. He looked at Perl but found it rather non-portable (it took a Unix environment for granted, at least at that point). Nor had I fully appreciated that, although the architecture was OO from the beginning, the capability for users to add their own classes came a few months later. The fact that types and classes weren't well integrated at first traces to user classes being "second class citizens" at first. There's an emphasis on newcomers to Python this year: neopytes, they're being called. Guido helped launch that track. Every available seat in VV was taken. Kirby -------------------------------------------------------------------- mail2web - Check your email from the web at http://mail2web.com/ .