Found this trying to compile pycairo, is it worth opening a bug about? (I realise there is CairoCFFI, but they don't have feature parity - OTOH, CFFI probably is the way to go eventually). $ python setup.py install running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo copying cairo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo running build_ext building 'cairo._cairo' extension creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo cc -pthread -DNDEBUG -O2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include -c cairo/device.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo/device.o -fno-strict-aliasing cc -pthread -DNDEBUG -O2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include -c cairo/bufferproxy.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo/bufferproxy.o -fno-strict-aliasing cc -pthread -DNDEBUG -O2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include -c cairo/error.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/cairo/error.o -fno-strict-aliasing In file included from /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/Python.h:81:0, from cairo/error.c:32: cairo/error.c: In function ‘error_init’: cairo/error.c:111:35: error: ‘PyBaseExceptionObject {aka struct <anonymous>}’ has no member named ‘args’ if(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(self->base.args) >= 2) { ^ /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/object.h:61:39: note: in definition of macro ‘Py_SIZE’ #define Py_SIZE(ob) (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size) ^~ cairo/error.c:111:8: note: in expansion of macro ‘PyTuple_GET_SIZE’ if(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(self->base.args) >= 2) { ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/Python.h:108:0, from cairo/error.c:32: cairo/error.c:112:49: error: ‘PyBaseExceptionObject {aka struct <anonymous>}’ has no member named ‘args’ status_obj = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(self->base.args, 1); ^ /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/tupleobject.h:23:53: note: in definition of macro ‘PyTuple_GET_ITEM’ #define PyTuple_GET_ITEM(op, i) (((PyTupleObject *)(op))->ob_item[i]) ^~ In file included from /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/Python.h:81:0, from cairo/error.c:32: cairo/error.c: In function ‘error_str’: cairo/error.c:152:36: error: ‘PyBaseExceptionObject {aka struct <anonymous>}’ has no member named ‘args’ if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(self->base.args) >= 1) { ^ /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/object.h:61:39: note: in definition of macro ‘Py_SIZE’ #define Py_SIZE(ob) (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size) ^~ cairo/error.c:152:9: note: in expansion of macro ‘PyTuple_GET_SIZE’ if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(self->base.args) >= 1) { ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/Python.h:108:0, from cairo/error.c:32: cairo/error.c:153:56: error: ‘PyBaseExceptionObject {aka struct <anonymous>}’ has no member named ‘args’ return PyObject_Str(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(self->base.args, 0)); ^ /home/stu/.virtualenvs/pypy-nightly/include/tupleobject.h:23:53: note: in definition of macro ‘PyTuple_GET_ITEM’ #define PyTuple_GET_ITEM(op, i) (((PyTupleObject *)(op))->ob_item[i]) ^~ error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1