*Late* provides decorators and functions to work around the issues that early binding of default argument values produces in Python. @latebinding def f(x: list[Any] = __([])) -> list[Any]: x.append(1) return x assert f() == [1] assert f() == [1] assert f() == [1] https://pypi.org/project/Late/ -- Juancarlo *Añez* mailto:apalala@gmail.com