Guido> Another argument for deriving bool from int: implementation Guido> inheritance. A bool must behave just like an int, and this is Guido> most easily accomplished this way: the bool type doesn't have Guido> implementations for most operations: it inherits them from the Guido> int type, which find a bool acceptable where an int is Guido> required. Liskov substitutibility would seem to suggest deriving int from bool, not the other way around. That is: If I have a program that uses bool values, I can change it so that it uses int values without affecting the behavior of the program. The reverse is not true. I wonder if this is the circle-ellipse problem over again? -- Andrew Koenig, ark@research.att.com, http://www.research.att.com/info/ark