Rudy Rudolph wrote:

2) pass-by-reference: def f(wrappedParam): wrappedParam[0] += 5 # ugh return "this is my result"

# call it x = 2 result = f([x]) # also ugly, but x is now 7

This example is broken; here's what you get when you run it:

...

...

def f(wrappedParam): ... wrappedParam[0] += 5 ... return "this is my result" ... # call it ... x = 2 result = f([x]) x 2

You probably intended something more like:

...

...

x = [2] result = f(x) x[0] 7

(As for the actual topic, I'm personally -0 for adding in-out parameters to python.) -Edward