Python-ideas October 2019

python-ideas@python.org

70 participants
44 discussions

Percent notation for array and string literals, similar to Perl, Ruby

by Steve Jorgensen

See https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ruby_Programming/Syntax/Literals#The_%_Notati… for what Ruby offers. For me, the arrays are the most useful aspect. %w{one two three} => ["one", "two", "three"] I did a search, and I don't see that this has been suggested before, but I might have missed something. I'm guessing I'm not the first person to ask whether this seems like a desirable feature to add to Python.

1 year, 10 months

Ability to set precedence of classdict (returned from __prepare__) for a metaclass type

by Steve Jorgensen

When using a custom classdict to implement a DSL or use in the body of a class definition, from what I can tell by experiment, the classdict takes priority, and the surrounding context is only referenced if trying to get an item from the classdict raises `KeyError`. There is at least one case in which I would like to do the reverse, and have the classdict be secondary to (masked by) any variables defined in the context surrounding the execution of the class body. I have been able to at least unmask builtins by having the classdict object first try to get a result from `__builtins__` and then fall back to itself. Also, in the actual class body, declaring a variable as `global` seems to be a workaround for global variables, but that has to be done explicitly in the body of any subclass that needs it. Also, that does not handle non-globals in its surrounding context. I'm not sure what the best way to deal with this would be, but my first thought is to maybe have a property that can be set on the metaclass type such as `metacls.relictant_classdict = True`.

1 year, 11 months

Please consider adding of functions file system operations to pathlib

by George Fischhof

Good day all, as a continuation of thread "OS related file operations (copy, move, delete, rename...) should be placed into one module" https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-ideas/2017-January/044217.html please consider making pathlib to a central file system module with putting file operations (copy, move, delete, rmtree etc) into pathlib. BR, George

1 year, 11 months

Make itertools recipes license easier

by Todd

Per Guido's suggestion, I am starting a new thread on this. The itertools module documentation has a bunch of recipes that give various ways to combine the existing functions for useful tasks. [1] The issue is that these recipes are part of the documentation, and although IANAL, as far as I can tell this means they fall under the Python-2.0 license. [2] Normally using the Python-2.0 license is not a big deal because it is non-copyleft. You have to include the license text and explain what changes you made, which isn't a problem for any sizable use of Python code. The problem occurs for such small code snippets. Again IANAL, but it seems you have to add the license text to the project, identify which parts of the code fall under that license, and document any changes you made to it. This is a lot of work to use, in many cases, just one or two lines of code. I personally use one of the projects, like more-itertools, that implement these recipes together under the Python-2.0 license and thus segregate the license issues from the rest of my code base, but at least in my opinion this mostly defeats the purpose of making code snippets like available. As I am not a lawyer, so I don't know the best approach to deal with this issue (if it is even desirable to deal with it). And I know that there are other modules with recipes and other sorts of documentation with useful code, although the itertools ones are the ones I see mentioned the most. [1] https://docs.python.org/library/itertools.html#itertools-recipes [2] https://docs.python.org/license.html#psf-license-agreement-for-python-relea…

1 year, 11 months

foo.setParseAction(lambda a, b, c: raise FuckPython(":("))

by Soni L.

foo.setParseAction(lambda a, b, c: raise FuckPython(":(")) is invalid syntax, which makes pyparsing useless.

1 year, 11 months

Python 4000: Have stringlike objects provide sequence views rather than being sequences

by Steve Jorgensen

There are many cases in which it is awkward that testing whether an object is a sequence returns `True` for instances of of `str`, `bytes`, etc. This proposal is a serious breakage of backward compatibility, so would be something for Python 4.x, not 3.x. Instead of those objects _being_ sequences, have them provide views that are sequences using a method named something like `members` or `items`.

1 year, 11 months

Suggestion for behaviour change import mechanics

by Richard Vogel

Hello everyone, I hope that E-Mail reaches someone. Since its the first time I am using a thing like a mailing list, I am saying sorry in advance for any inconvience caused ;-) However, I am writing you because of a small idea / feature request for the python import mechanism, which caused me some (in my opinion unnecessary) trouble yesterday: I noticed that when using an import statement, the following seems to be true: Current state: * Python will search for the first TOP-LEVEL hit when resolving an import statement and search inside there for the remainder part of the import. If it cannot find the symbols it will fail. (Tested on Python 3.8) Proposed Change: * If the import fails at some point after finding the first level match: The path is evaluated further until it eventually may be able to resolve the statement completely- o --> Fail later My use case scenario: * I have a bunch of different projects built using Python * I want to use parts of it within a new project * I place them withina sub-folder (for example libs) within the new project using git submodule or just copy / link them there, whatever * I append the libs to path (sys.path.append) * Python WILL find the packages and basically import everything right * Problem: o if themain package does actually contain a toplevel folder that is named the same like one within the other modules (for example a "ui" submodule) python will search withon one and only one of these ui modules within exactly one project o Name clashes can only be avoided by renaming I know that this is propably not the suggested and best way to reuse existing code. But its the most straight-forward and keeps the fastest development cycle, which is I think is a reason Python grew so fast. At the time of writing I cannot think of any place where this change would destroy or change any already working code and I don't see a reason why the import would completely fail under this circumstances showing a different behaviour for top level fails and nth-level fails. What do you think about that hopefully very small change of the import behaviour? Thanks for your time reading and Best wishes, Richard

1 year, 11 months

add a .with_stem() method to pathlib objects

by Ricky Teachey

This is obviously a small thing, but it would be nice to be able to say: >>> Path(r"C:\x.txt").with_stem("y") WindowsPath('C:/y.txt') Rather than having to do some variation of: >>> old_path = Path(r"C:\x.txt") >>> old_path.with_name("y"+old_path.suffix) WindowsPath('C:/y.txt') Or: >>> old_path = Path(r"C:\x.txt") >>> old_path.with_name("y"+old_path.suffix) WindowsPath('C:/y.txt') Or (god forbid): >>> (old_path := Path(r"C:\x.txt")).with_name("y"+old_path.suffix) WindowsPath('C:/y.txt') There are already .with_suffix() and with_name() methods. Including with_stem() seems obvious, no? --- Ricky. "I've never met a Kentucky man who wasn't either thinking about going home or actually going home." - Happy Chandler

1 year, 11 months

Ability to specify function for auto-test in Enum and pass the given value as an argument to _generate_next_value_

by Steve Jorgensen

After messing around with `Enum` for a while, there's one small thing that I'd like to see improved. It seems limiting to me that the only way to trigger `_generate_next_value` is to pass `auto()`. What if, for a particular `Enum`, I would like to be able to use `()` as a shorthand for `auto()`? How about a more complex auto-generation that determines the final value based on both the given value and the name/key As an example of the second case, start with an `Enum` subclas in which each item, by default, has the name/key as its value and a prettified version of the name as its label, but one can also specify the value and label using a 2-item tuple for the value. Now, let's say we want to be able to specify a custom label and still use the name/key as the value either as a None/label tuple or as a string starting with a comma. Using a custom test for auto, one could identify those cases, Passing the assigned value to the `_generate_next_value_` function would allow it to make use of that information. For backward compatibility, the signature of the `_generate_next_value_` function can be checked to make sure it can accept the extra argument for that before passing that.

1 year, 11 months

Ability to customize how Enum interprets values with access to names

by Steve Jorgensen

Here's a working example of what I'm talking about. In this example, `EnumX` is a tweak of `Enum` to that has the capability that I'm talking about, and I have also pasted the code for `EnumX` later in this email. Please note that the important thing in this example is NOT what this `ChoiceEnum` class does but the ability to create custom enums that can do custom processing of assigned value/key such as what `ChoiceEnum` does, using a documented feature of `Enum`, without having to either write and debug a complicated hacks (that might not work with future updates to `Enum`) or replace hunks of `Enum` (as my `EnumX` shown here does) in ways that might not work or might not be feature-complete with future `Enum` updates. # Example usage of enhanced Enum with _preprocess_value_ support. def _label_from_key(key): return key.replace('_', ' ').title() class _ChoiceValue(str): """Easy way to have an object with immutable string content that is identified for equality by its content with a label attribute that is not significant for equality. """ def __new__(cls, content, label): obj = str.__new__(cls, content) obj.label = label return obj def __repr__(self): content_repr = str.__repr__(self) return '%s(%r, %r)' % ( self.__class__.__name__, content_repr, self.label) def get_value_label_pair(self): return (f'{self}', self.label) class ChoiceEnum(EnumX): def _preprocess_value_(key, src): value = None label = None if src == (): pass elif isinstance(src, tuple) and src != (): value, label = src elif isinstance(str, str) and src.startswith(','): label = src[1:] else: value = src if value is None: value = key label = label or _label_from_key(key) return _ChoiceValue(value, label) def __getitem__(self, key): return (f'{self._value_}', self._value_.label).__getitem__(key) def __len__(self): return 2 @property def value(self): return self._value_.get_value_label_pair() @property def label(self): return self._value_.label class Food(ChoiceEnum): APPLE = () CHEESE = () HAMBURGER = 'BURGER' SOUFFLE = ',Soufflé' CHICKEN_MCNUGGETS = ('CHX_MCNUG', 'Chicken McNuggets') DEFAULT = 'APPLE' for food in Food: print(repr(food)) # Prints... # <Food.APPLE: _ChoiceValue("'APPLE'", 'Apple')> # <Food.CHEESE: _ChoiceValue("'CHEESE'", 'Cheese')> # <Food.HAMBURGER: _ChoiceValue("'BURGER'", 'Hamburger')> # <Food.SOUFFLE: _ChoiceValue("',Soufflé'", 'Souffle')> # <Food.CHICKEN_MCNUGGETS: _ChoiceValue("'CHX_MCNUG'", 'Chicken McNuggets')> print(f'Food.DEFAULT is Food.APPLE: {Food.DEFAULT is Food.APPLE}') # Prints... # Food.DEFAULT is Food.APPLE: True Here's the implementation of `EnumX` that is being used for the above. There are just a handful of those lines that represent changes to the implementation at https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.8/Lib/enum.py and I there are inline comments to draw attention to those. from enum import ( Enum, EnumMeta, auto, _is_sunder, _is_dunder, _is_descriptor, _auto_null) # Copy of EnumDict with tweaks to support _preprocess_value_ class _EnumDictX(dict): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self._member_names = [] self._last_values = [] self._ignore = [] def __setitem__(self, key, value): """Duplicate all of _EnumDict.__setitem__ in order to insert a hook """ if _is_sunder(key): if key not in ( '_order_', '_create_pseudo_member_', '_generate_next_value_', '_missing_', '_ignore_', '_preprocess_value_', # <-- ): raise ValueError('_names_ are reserved for future Enum use') if key == '_generate_next_value_': setattr(self, '_generate_next_value', value) # ==================== if key == '_preprocess_value_': setattr(self, '_preprocess_value', value) # ==================== elif key == '_ignore_': if isinstance(value, str): value = value.replace(',', ' ').split() else: value = list(value) self._ignore = value already = set(value) & set(self._member_names) if already: raise ValueError( '_ignore_ cannot specify already set names: %r' % ( already, )) elif _is_dunder(key): if key == '__order__': key = '_order_' elif key in self._member_names: # descriptor overwriting an enum? raise TypeError('Attempted to reuse key: %r' % key) elif key in self._ignore: pass elif not _is_descriptor(value): if key in self: # enum overwriting a descriptor? raise TypeError('%r already defined as: %r' % (key, self[key])) # ==================== value = self._preprocess_value(key, value) # ==================== if isinstance(value, auto): if value.value == _auto_null: value.value = self._generate_next_value( key, 1, len(self._member_names), self._last_values[:]) value = value.value self._member_names.append(key) self._last_values.append(value) dict.__setitem__(self, key, value) # Subclass of EnumMeta with tweak to support _preprocess_value_ class EnumMetaX(EnumMeta): # Copy of EnumMeta.__prepare__ with tweak to support _preprocess_value_ @classmethod def __prepare__(metacls, cls, bases): # create the namespace dict enum_dict = _EnumDictX() # inherit previous flags and _generate_next_value_ function member_type, first_enum = metacls._get_mixins_(bases) if first_enum is not None: # ==================== enum_dict['_preprocess_value_'] = getattr( first_enum, '_preprocess_value_', None) # ==================== enum_dict['_generate_next_value_'] = getattr(first_enum, '_generate_next_value_', None) return enum_dict # Subclass of Enum using EnumMetaX as metaclass and with default # implementation of _preprocess_value_. class EnumX(Enum, metaclass=EnumMetaX): def _preprocess_value_(key, value): return value

1 year, 11 months

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Python-ideas October 2019