On Tue, Sep 1, 2020 at 8:20 AM Christopher Barker <pythonchb@gmail.com> wrote:
Thanks -- good to get this written down!

Question: it strikes me that the use case of [] for type hints is logically quite different than for indexing. So do they need to use the same syntax / dunder?

I think that type hints are used in specific places, and thus the interpreter could know if a given [] was a type hint or an indexing operation, and thus could dispatch it differently.

Would that be desirable? I'm not sure -- but as type hints' use of [] is logically quite different, it might make sense to have it use different rules.

There is precedent -- after all, () used to create a tuple follows different rules than () used to call a function.

If it's not technically possible to make the distinction, then it's a non-issue, but if it is, it may be worth considering.

Type hints are indeed dispatched differently, but this is done based on information that is only available at runtime. Since PEP 560, for `x[y]`, if no `__getitem__` method is found, and `x` is a type (class) object, and `x` has a class method `__class_getitem__`, that method is called. Extending this with keyword args is straightforward. Modifying the compiler to generate different bytecode for this case is essentially impossible.

See https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/6844b56176c41f0a0e25fcd4fef5463bcdbc7d7c/Objects/abstract.c#L181-L198 for the code (it's part of PyObject_GetItem).
 
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--Guido van Rossum (python.org/~guido)