On my system:

 % find ~ -name '*.*.*' | rev | cut -d. -f-2 | rev | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -30
  17278 d.ts
  11314 js.map
   6600 symbolic.png
   4041 png.i
   3968 cpython-37.pyc
   2656 yarn-metadata.json
   2614 yarn-tarball.tgz
   2575 c.i
   2526 csv.gz
   1727 h.i
   1659 opt-1.pyc
   1590 opt-2.pyc
   1302 autogen.js
   1151 ts.map
   1148 js.flow
    854 svg.i
    852 min.js
    744 test.js
    651 travis.yml
    560 gif.i
    522 so.0
    403 indexeddb.leveldb
    384 pom.sha1
    368 ref.css
    367 0.0
    357 so.1
    311 event.jsonlz4
    283 xpm.i
    278 ref.ui
    275 am.i

Most of those I honestly have no idea what they are.  That's just starting from $HOME.  System wide, who knows.

On Sat, Jan 9, 2021 at 7:27 PM <2QdxY4RzWzUUiLuE@potatochowder.com> wrote:
On 2021-01-10 at 05:03:08 +1100,
Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> wrote:

> On Sun, Jan 10, 2021 at 4:51 AM Stephen J. Turnbull
> <turnbull.stephen.fw@u.tsukuba.ac.jp> wrote:
> >
> > Joseph Martinot-Lagarde writes:
> >
> >  > One remark about this : .tar.gz files are the exception rather than
> >  > the rule, and AFAIK maybe the only one ?
> >
> > Not really.  stem.ext -> stem.ext.zzz where zzz is a compression
> > extension is a pretty common naming convention.  For me ext == 'tar'
> > is by far the most common case (74%), 'tis true, but 'patch' (10%),
> > 'txt' (6%), 'tab', 'gml', 'xml', 'svg', 'pdf', 'ps', ' dvi', 'diff',
> > 'pdb', 'cpp', 'el', and 'data' also exist somewhere under $HOME.  I'll
> > bet others show up if I search /usr, /var, and /opt.
>
> Yep, and most of my man pages are compressed, so there's
> usr/share/man/man1/*.1.gz and friends.
>
> I'd say the most common case with multiple extensions is indeed
> precisely two, where the first one is the type of file (or in the case
> of man pages, the section), and the second is a compression format.
> But there'll be less common cases too.

I also have a pile of whatever-x.y.z.* files, where the * is some kind
of compression extension and x.y.z is a major.minor.patch identifier.

Most of the time, my brain is big enough to spot where x.y.z ends and
the extension(s) begin(s), but throw in a version identifier like
4.3.beta, and all bets are off (unless I happen to know exactly what to
look for, in which case I wouldn't bother with a general purpose library
function that might make the wrong assumption).
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