Hello, I looks like skimage.filters.rank.mean and scipy.signal.convolve2d don't output exactly the same images. When doing: image = data.coins() K = np.ones((11, 11)) rank_mean = rank.mean(image, selem=K) naive_convolve = convolve2d(image, K, mode="same") / K.sum() All output pixel are different, with an absolute difference varying randomly between 0 and 1. Of course there's also a massive difference at the border, but that's expected because convolve2d treats image boundaries differently. But even in the center of the image all pixels are different. I've made a test script with an illustrated output image, you can check it out in this gist: https://gist.github.com/vpoughon/b4afc76ce5dc681fda9d0550d41359d3 Am I doing something wrong? Thanks, Victor Poughon