[Twisted-Python] SURVEY: For Twisted users, please answer
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info. 2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)? Thanks. -- Itamar Shtull-Trauring http://itamarst.org/ http://www.zoteca.com -- Python & Twisted consulting
[Itamar Shtull-Trauring]
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
I'm not yet a Twisted user, but intend to use it over two sites, (and maybe a third withinin a few months). All sites run Python 2.2.1 or better.
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Not yet... Later maybe, soon hopefully! :-) -- François Pinard http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard
On Tuesday, Apr 22, 2003, at 15:48 America/New_York, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
No, Python 2.1 needs to die, slowly and painfully. -bob
Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
We currently are using Twisted (just upgraded to 1.0.4) along with Zope 2.5.1, Zope for the "front end" (but only for as long as it takes until we can remove it) and Twisted for the "back end" of our application. Zope still uses Python 2.1 so we would be unable to do this with Python 2.2. Since we will definitely have excised all traces of Zope by the time anything really changes with Twisted and 2.2, I'm not seriously concerned but I thought I'd note it as an interesting data point. Also perhaps interesting, though off-topic, is that we patched 1.0.3 to run under Python 2.0 (just a few quick hacks) successfully, as we are still using that on our network for development, even though this one particular application deploys with Python 2.1. It was rather simple with 1.0.3 although I'm not sure whether we'll have better or worse luck when we try this with 1.0.4. Chances are the nested scopes have propagated throughout more of the code now...
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Eventually we will have something more official to report, but just for this list, unofficially :-), for now, I'd like to report that Kaval Wireless Technologies Inc (www.kaval.com) is integrating Twisted into a server application which is used to monitor equipment in wireless coverage extension systems. (The monitoring links themselves are not wireless, so Twisted is carrying only data which travelled as electrons, not as radio waves...) Until now we'd been using Zope, but it was really not the most appropriate choice since this isn't a content management system. Twisted appears more robust, lighter weight, and likely to prove much more amenable to rapid development on our end, and as a hardcore XP team we highly appreciate the XP approach of the Twisted team and look forward to contributing as we learn more. I don't want to diminish Zope, which provided an effective platform at an earlier stage, but we've definitely grown beyond it and are tightly constrained by its limitations and difficult development model. -Peter Hansen
On Tue, 22 Apr 2003 17:34:31 -0400
Peter Hansen
and Twisted for the "back end" of our application. Zope still uses Python 2.1 so we would be unable to do this with Python 2.2. Since we will definitely have excised all traces of Zope by the time anything really changes with Twisted and 2.2, I'm not seriously concerned but I thought I'd note it as an interesting data point.
Arte you using them in the same process? Or as separate processes? Any reason you can't install two versions of Python at once? -- Itamar Shtull-Trauring http://itamarst.org/ http://www.zoteca.com -- Python & Twisted consulting
Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
On Tue, 22 Apr 2003 17:34:31 -0400 Peter Hansen
wrote: and Twisted for the "back end" of our application. Zope still uses Python 2.1 so we would be unable to do this with Python 2.2. Since we will definitely have excised all traces of Zope by the time anything really changes with Twisted and 2.2, I'm not seriously concerned but I thought I'd note it as an interesting data point.
Arte you using them in the same process? Or as separate processes? Any reason you can't install two versions of Python at once?
Same process. Rewriting as two processes, communicating via sockets internally or something, would be larger rework than just excising Zope, which is a goal for other reasons anyway. -Peter
On Tue, 2003-04-22 at 15:48, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
Negatory! 2.2 is a-ok with us!!
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Not yet ... but we hope to have some embellishments in a little while ... ;^) Cheers, - Steve.
Hello Itamar, Tuesday, April 22, 2003, 10:48:27 PM, you wrote: IST> 1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? IST> How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer IST> within a week so we can have some immediate info. 2.1 is not required. IST> 2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides IST> those listed in our success stories page, of course)? I am writing clone of my worknode in C++, so Twisted version is used just until I complete C++ version. This is because of productivity concerns, I have hit Python's productivity ceiling. After that I may succeed in writing cluster kernel and web interface in Twisted. I.e. still no success story, sorry. -- Best regards, Dmitry mailto:kwaker@uch.net
On Tuesday, Apr 22, 2003, at 18:39 America/New_York, Dmitry Litovchenko wrote:
I am writing clone of my worknode in C++, so Twisted version is used just until I complete C++ version. This is because of productivity concerns, I have hit Python's productivity ceiling. After that I may succeed in writing cluster kernel and web interface in Twisted. I.e. still no success story, sorry.
Have you considered using something like BOOST.Python or Pyrex to do optimized implementations of the portions that have poor performance? Typically, rewriting the whole thing in C/C++ is a bad idea. -bob
Hello Bob,
I am writing clone of my worknode in C++, so Twisted version is used just until I complete C++ version. This is because of productivity concerns, I have hit Python's productivity ceiling. After that I may succeed in writing cluster kernel and web interface in Twisted. I.e. still no success story, sorry.
BI> Have you considered using something like BOOST.Python or Pyrex to do BI> optimized implementations of the portions that have poor performance? BI> Typically, rewriting the whole thing in C/C++ is a bad idea. I am using just Psyco, but wow! Never saw these two. Thanks, Bob. -- Best regards, Dmitry mailto:kwaker@uch.net
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Tuesday, April 22, 2003, at 05:39 PM, Dmitry Litovchenko wrote:
2.1 is not required.
Thanks for the feedback :).
This is because of productivity concerns, I have hit Python's productivity ceiling.
Do you mean "performance"? Python has a pretty high productivity ceiling. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.2.1 (Darwin) iD8DBQE+pfsdvVGR4uSOE2wRAnERAJ0apXwxdAc2i+z+vyKNZ8CuehH8KgCgl5bB sBIIfS703nPhQrWPiiviWrw= =Dzcr -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
On 2003.04.23 05:48, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason?
No. I am happy for this to change. My only concern would be Debian packaging issues.
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share
Not yet. cheers, jml
On Tue, 22 Apr 2003, Itamar Shtull-Trauring
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
On Debian woody (stable), Python/GTK+ is available only for Python 2.1. This means woody users would not be able to use the GUI clients in Twisted (some of which are GTK+-based). In addition, other libraries which specific developers might wish to use might be unavailable for Python 2.2. I can probably conjure up a list of such libraries. I've already made my position clear on IRC, but figured it should be documented here as well :) -- Moshe Zadka -- http://moshez.org/ Buffy: I don't like you hanging out with someone that... short. Riley: Yeah, a lot of young people nowadays are experimenting with shortness. Agile Programming Language -- http://www.python.org/
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Wednesday, April 23, 2003, at 12:54 AM, Moshe Zadka wrote:
On Debian woody (stable), Python/GTK+ is available only for Python 2.1. This means woody users would not be able to use the GUI clients in Twisted (some of which are GTK+-based). In addition, other libraries which specific developers might wish to use might be unavailable for Python 2.2. I can probably conjure up a list of such libraries.
Python/GTK+ is only necessary for two arguably experimental portions of Twisted - im and manhole. I think that it is acceptable to remove support in Debian woody for these, considering that more substantial, stable portions of Twisted (e.g. Conch, and twisted.web SSL) don't work, since they require libraries that are missing on woody. Future GTK+ work is going to be using GTK2 anyway, considering that it is vastly more stable for the kinds of things we want to do, most of which involve displaying large, scrolling blocks of text. PyQT is technically in Debian, but the version in Woody isn't very useful, and I haven't heard from anyone using it with Twisted. There are no third-party programs that support Debian woody which require GTK to be working with Twisted. As to other libraries - my primary concern was with database drivers which may have been incompatible with Python-2.2. However, it appears that all DB-API compatible drivers that come with Woody have both python-2.1 and python-2.2 versions. I've just spent the last few weeks working without the 2.1-support constraint, and I can see why all the Twisted developers have been clamoring for 2.2 :-). While I have some concern that moving along with rearrangements of Python's basic semantics encourages the development of useless, whiz-bang infrastructure, the fact is that the new object model is substantially more amenable to necessary features like those implemented in twisted.python.components and twisted.python.reflect. The results of this survey appear to indicate that most Twisted users are not using Python-2.1, and those that are plan to stop in the near future. Also, as far as I can tell, nobody on the development team uses Python 2.1 any more, and so test failures related to 2.1 incompatibilities are always caught after the fact. I think it would improve our development speed and the general attitude of the team, so I propose we cut over to 2.2 immediately. For the reasons I gave above, I don't think the GTK situation is important enough to prevent this. If anyone else would like to give reasons for not going ahead with this, please speak now or forever hold your peace :) (This does not mean "everybody check in 2.2-only code". It means "get ready to check in 2.2-only code". I will hopefully announce open season on 2.2 features later this week.) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.2.1 (Darwin) iD8DBQE+qJTMvVGR4uSOE2wRAifhAJ4v2MGaU3lYFQgF2ft+yMFHxpBw2ACglh+u 60N1LM62g2voaw2ygpT2P9Q= =wsDm -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
I think it would improve our development speed and the general attitude of the team, so I propose we cut over to 2.2 immediately.
What about the Jython situation? -- "If you really feel that being a programmer makes you part of an elite and you want to keep others out of that elite, I pity you." Guido Van Rossum Nicola Larosa - nico@tekNico.net
On Fri, 25 Apr 2003 14:42:15 +0200
Nicola Larosa
What about the Jython situation?
Do you use jython with twisted? AFAIK no one does. And it's close to being useless anyway. Hopefully by the time 1.4 is widespread and we can write a decent nio reactor (the current java reactor is more proof-of-concept than useful implementation), Jython will support 2.2. -- Itamar Shtull-Trauring http://itamarst.org/ http://www.zoteca.com -- Python & Twisted consulting
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Friday, April 25, 2003, at 04:36 PM, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
Do you use jython with twisted? AFAIK no one does. And it's close to being useless anyway.
Currently you can't even run the test suite with Jython, to say nothing of the tests actually passing. There would be a lot of work involved in getting Twisted to run on Jython-2.1 as-is, and 2.2isms are not a part of that. At some point I'll try to get Jython's CVS running with current twisted. Maybe we can encourage them to do a release if Twisted works on CVS and not on the released versions :) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.2.1 (Darwin) iD8DBQE+qbqnvVGR4uSOE2wRAsMoAJ4kQFuW8PNtKhONV1QJDEMrDAHfIwCgtcrB +tRpEggsscTpslBser3QWQY= =NuES -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you?
I'm not using Twisted yet, but I expect to use it within a month or two. I'll be porting an asyncore/chat based app developed using python 2.0. I will definitely be adding some 2.2 features at the same time, so, in other words, no, I don't need 2.1 support :)
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Not yet, but this application will see some serious usage starting in September. It could potentially see peaks of 90k-200k clients connecting in a 24 hour span. Hopefully I'll be able to report positive results to this list during load-tests. Rewriting outside of python/twisted is obviously a no-go at this point, so if load testing comes up short we'll just throw more hardware at it!! :O Side note: we're going to be using DNS round robin + Wackamole + Spread toolkit for server load balancing. I haven't needed to use the python spread interface developed by Jeremy, Guido and Tim yet (http://www.python.org/other/spread/) but I'm wondering if anyone's tried to integrate that into Twisted? I'd love for spread mailboxes to be processed through reactor like any other socket :)
Itamar Shtull-Trauring
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
no. But why don't wait somes month and switch directly to python2.3 ?
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
I did an online scrabble game. But i did'nt use a lot of feature of twisted, it's a quick port of the cgi version. -- William Dodé - http://flibuste.net
On Thursday, Apr 24, 2003, at 06:30 America/New_York, William Dode wrote:
Itamar Shtull-Trauring
writes: 1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
no. But why don't wait somes month and switch directly to python2.3 ?
Well I don't think any of us have found that python 2.3 has significant new conveniences that can't be done adequately in 2.2 (i.e., it's possible to implement the itertools module in pure python, emulate the new dict creation behavior, etc.). It seems to be mostly new modules, bugfixes, and performance enhancements. Moving from 2.1 to 2.2 does have significant new features, though (mostly generators and new style classes). Also, when 2.3 is released, hopefully in a few months, it'll probably take the better part of a year /after/ that for python 2.3 to come into common use (i.e. ISPs, linux distributions, etc.). -bob
On Tue, Apr 22, 2003 at 03:48:27PM -0400, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote: | 1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? | How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer | within a week so we can have some immediate info. I use 2.2 in my production environment. However... Python 2.1 was the "blessed" version of Python that Guido had said would be supported for a _long_ time out (like 1.5 was). It is also, as Moshe points out, the Debian standard and I know many debian people who won't be upgrading. This may play a role in 'hosted environments' where people would like to deploy Twisted, but really can't reinstall Python. Also, with etrepum's recent patches to twisted.python.compat, much Twisted can still use the iterator protocol (compatible with 2.1). Re-writing generators as 2.1 iterators is tedious, but quite straight forward. I can see some places where the use of generators is too much of a goodness to pass up. Why not mark those modules explicitly, and make them 2.2 only? For example, Woven could probably really use 2.2 features. In this way those users who insist on 2.1 can use the bulk of (but perhaps not all of) Twisted, in such a way that we don't compromise future development. Also, someone posted that it didn't take too many changes to make Twisted 2.0 compatible. Perhaps we should consider committing those changes. Nested scopes are nice, especially in application code, but they certainly arn't essential to library development. Best, Clark
On Fri, 25 Apr 2003 02:12:28 +0000
"Clark C. Evans"
Python 2.1 was the "blessed" version of Python that Guido had said would be supported for a _long_ time out (like 1.5 was).
No, that was 2.2. Debian Woody has Python 2.2 included. -- Itamar Shtull-Trauring http://itamarst.org/ http://www.zoteca.com -- Python & Twisted consulting
On Thu, Apr 24, 2003 at 10:07:51PM -0400, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote: | > Python 2.1 was the "blessed" version of Python that Guido had | > said would be supported for a _long_ time out (like 1.5 was). | | No, that was 2.2. | Debian Woody has Python 2.2 included. Oh, you are right. Python-In-A-Tie [1] *is* 2.2 [1] http://www.python-in-business.org/sigs/PIT/
"Clark C. Evans" wrote:
Also, someone posted that it didn't take too many changes to make Twisted 2.0 compatible. Perhaps we should consider committing those changes.
'Twas I who said something like that, but I have to caution that it was definitely not a case of making all of Twisted run under 2.0. All I did, as a spike, was to repeatedly run our little test program, which imported about three things from twisted.internet, and patch -- in the most hideously ugly but direct manner that I could -- anything which complained. I think there were about three complaints, two of which were nested scope warnings. To fix these, I simply removed the "from __future__" statement and ran again. I think the other thing needed a stub/mock of some kind, with no functionality. I supposed the code involved is either not being invoked (but was giving syntax errors or warnings), or is managing to function normally or near normally in spite of being invoked without nested scopes working. There are probably a *lot* of latent problems, but for our purposes it seems to be adequate. There's no way I'd translate this into a suggestion any of these changes should be checked in though! :-) -Peter
Itamar Shtull-Trauring [itamar@itamarst.org] wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
I have 2.2 everywhere I have twisted. :)
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
I have twisted running with ldaptor on over 200 Solaris systems, pulling configs out of LDAP for inetd/dnscache/tinydns/ldap.conf (pam/nss)/cron and a few others things. I do keep my own cvs of both twisted and ldaptor due to my need for having TLS built directly in <HINT>. (yes I sent a patch). They are highly out of date but work for me now.
Thanks.
No thank you all love twisted. Jeremy
On Fri, Apr 25, 2003 at 11:37:55AM -0400, Skinny Puppy wrote:
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
I have twisted running with ldaptor on over 200 Solaris systems, pulling configs out of LDAP for inetd/dnscache/tinydns/ldap.conf (pam/nss)/cron and a few others things. I do keep my own cvs of both twisted and ldaptor due to my need for having TLS built directly in <HINT>. (yes I sent a patch). They are highly out of date but work for me now.
Ooh! An actual ldaptor user! At this point, you are the most important external party using ldaptor, it seems. How's it been? Any thoughts on what you would want to see? -- :(){ :|:&};:
Tommi Virtanen [tv@twistedmatrix.com] wrote:
On Fri, Apr 25, 2003 at 11:37:55AM -0400, Skinny Puppy wrote:
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
I have twisted running with ldaptor on over 200 Solaris systems, pulling configs out of LDAP for inetd/dnscache/tinydns/ldap.conf (pam/nss)/cron and a few others things. I do keep my own cvs of both twisted and ldaptor due to my need for having TLS built directly in <HINT>. (yes I sent a patch). They are highly out of date but work for me now.
Ooh! An actual ldaptor user!
At this point, you are the most important external party using ldaptor, it seems. How's it been? Any thoughts on what you would want to see?
to be honest - nothing - I have my own version based .10 and patches hand applied as needed up to version .13. With it being deployed on as many systems we do the process of upgrading is not something we do often. I have not come across anything I was not able to do with ldaptor. I dont push it to hard, just a lot of searches and maybe a password change or two. I don't really like the DNS SRV records and that way of connecting. So I just don't use it. We have added TLS support to ldaptor to go along with the TLS patch I wrote for twisted. I am not able to release that patch due to it was created by working with another employee. One thing I would kill to have is the server side of things in twisted. This would allow me to build the ldap caching daemon / proxy daemon. nscd on Solaris is a pile of junk, but an absolute need for nsswitch with ldap. And just be damn fun to play with. But I will be damned if I know anyone that wants to write it. Thank you once again for creating ldaptor, it has save this sysadmin untold hours of config changes and has been fun to play with. Jeremy
On Sunday, Apr 27, 2003, at 06:27 America/New_York, Skinny Puppy wrote:
We have added TLS support to ldaptor to go along with the TLS patch I wrote for twisted. I am not able to release that patch due to it was created by working with another employee.
That doesn't really make any sense. Does your employer have some ridiculous "we own you" IP contract? -bob
Bob Ippolito [bob@redivi.com] wrote:
On Sunday, Apr 27, 2003, at 06:27 America/New_York, Skinny Puppy wrote:
We have added TLS support to ldaptor to go along with the TLS patch I wrote for twisted. I am not able to release that patch due to it was created by working with another employee.
That doesn't really make any sense. Does your employer have some ridiculous "we own you" IP contract?
Yes - I have permission (in writing for what i do at home is mine) but other employees do not (or have not even asked). And all work done at the office is owned wholly by my employer. There is really nothing I can do, I have ask permission to release it back to everyone and was denied. The TLS patch i sent was created at home just for this reason. Jeremy
On Sunday, Apr 27, 2003, at 07:10 America/New_York, Skinny Puppy wrote:
Bob Ippolito [bob@redivi.com] wrote:
On Sunday, Apr 27, 2003, at 06:27 America/New_York, Skinny Puppy wrote:
We have added TLS support to ldaptor to go along with the TLS patch I wrote for twisted. I am not able to release that patch due to it was created by working with another employee.
That doesn't really make any sense. Does your employer have some ridiculous "we own you" IP contract?
Yes - I have permission (in writing for what i do at home is mine) but other employees do not (or have not even asked). And all work done at the office is owned wholly by my employer. There is really nothing I can do, I have ask permission to release it back to everyone and was denied. The TLS patch i sent was created at home just for this reason.
Wow, your job sucks :) I used to have one of those a few years ago. I wonder if they realize that it actually bleeds time for you to maintain your own internal versions of open source software? -bob
On Sun, 27 Apr 2003 07:10:38 -0400
Skinny Puppy
Yes - I have permission (in writing for what i do at home is mine) but other employees do not (or have not even asked). And all work done at
the office is owned wholly by my employer. There is really nothing I can do, I have ask permission to release it back to everyone and was
denied. The TLS patch i sent was created at home just for this reason.
Could you resend it to me? and explain what the other patch is that you did with your co-worker? -- Itamar Shtull-Trauring http://itamarst.org/ http://www.zoteca.com -- Python & Twisted consulting
On Wednesday 23 April 2003 03:48, Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
No requirement for 2.1 at all - using 2.2 as normal (freebsd 4.8 comes with 2.2.2 out of the box) in fact, looking forward to 2.3. Lots of goodies there. In fact I only have the 2.1 that comes with binary zope.
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Not yet still plumbing the twisted depths.
Itamar Shtull-Trauring wrote:
1. Do you require Python 2.1 support in Twisted? If so, for what reason? How problematic would a switch to 2.2 be for you? Please try to answer within a week so we can have some immediate info.
I plan on using Twisted for at least a couple of new (from-scratch) projects, and they will all be using Python 2.2.2 or newer.
2. Do you have any Twisted success stories you'd like to share (besides those listed in our success stories page, of course)?
Not yet, but if everything goes according to current plan I should have something interesting to share in 6-9 months. ;)
participants (17)
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Alan McIntyre
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Bob Ippolito
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Clark C. Evans
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Dmitry Litovchenko
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Francois Pinard
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Glyph Lefkowitz
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Itamar Shtull-Trauring
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Jonathan Lange
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Moshe Zadka
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Mukhsein Johari
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Nicola Larosa
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Peter Hansen
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Skinny Puppy
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Steve Waterbury
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Tommi Virtanen
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Van Gale
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William Dode