[Distutils] "Package Index API" draft

[Phillip J. Eby]

This draft reflects the in-development versions of setuptools 0.7a1 and 
0.6b4; it does not describe older setuptools versions except as noted under 
the "Backward Compatibility" section.  The items described under "Backward 
Compatibility" need to be kept in PyPI until everyone in the field has 
upgraded to setuptools 0.6b4 or better.  (Note that 0.6b4 is not released yet!)


Package Index "API"
-------------------

Custom package indexes (and PyPI) must follow the following rules for
EasyInstall to be able to look up and download packages:

1. Except where stated otherwise, "pages" are HTML or XHTML, and "links"
    refer to ``href`` attributes.

2. Individual project version pages' URLs must be of the form
    ``base/projectname/version``, where ``base`` is the package index's base
    URL.

3. Omitting the ``/version`` part of a project page's URL (but keeping the
    trailing ``/``) should result in a page that is either:

    a) The single active version of that project, as though the version had
       been explicitly included, OR

    b) A page with links to all of the active version pages for that project.

4. Individual version pages should contain direct links to downloadable
    distributions where possible.  It is explicitly permitted for a project's
    "long_description" to include URLs, and these should be formatted as HTML
    links by the package index, as EasyInstall does no special processing to
    identify what parts of a page are index-specific and which are part of the
    project's supplied description.

5. Where available, MD5 information should be added to download URLs by
    appending a fragment identifier of the form ``#md5=...``, where ``...`` is
    the 32-character hex MD5 digest.  EasyInstall will verify that the
    downloaded file's MD5 digest matches the given value.

6. Individual project version pages should identify any "homepage" or
    "download" URLs using ``rel="homepage"`` and ``rel="download"`` attributes
    on the HTML elements linking to those URLs. Use of these attributes will
    cause EasyInstall to always follow the provided links, unless it can be
    determined by inspection that they are downloadable distributions. If the
    links are not to downloadable distributions, they are retrieved, and if
    they are HTML, they are scanned for download links. They are *not* scanned
    for additional "homepage" or "download" links, as these are only processed
    for pages that are part of a package index site.

7. The root URL of the index, if retrieved with a trailing ``/``, must result
    in a page containing links to *all* projects' active version pages.

    (Note: This requirement is a workaround for the absence of case-
    insensitive ``safe_name()`` matching of project names in URL paths.  If
    project names are matched in this fashion (e.g. via the PyPI server,
    mod_rewrite, or a similar mechanism), then it is not necessary to
    include this all-packages listing page.)

8. If a package index is accessed via a ``file://`` URL, then EasyInstall
    will automatically use ``index.html`` files, if present, when trying to
    read a directory with a trailing ``/`` on the URL.


Backward Compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Package indexes that wish to support setuptools versions prior to 0.6b4 
should also follow these rules:

* Homepage and download links must be preceded with ``"<th>Home Page"`` or
   ``"<th>Download URL"``, in addition to (or instead of) the ``rel=""``
   attributes on the actual links.  These marker strings do not need to be
   visible, or uncommented, however!  For example, the following is a valid
   homepage link that will work with any version of setuptools::

     <li>
      <strong>Home Page:</strong>
      <!-- <th>Home Page -->
      <a rel="homepage" href="http://sqlobject.org">http://sqlobject.org</a>
     </li>

   Even though the marker string is in an HTML comment, older versions of
   EasyInstall will still "see" it and know that the link that follows is the
   project's home page URL.

* The pages described by paragraph 3(b) of the preceding section *must*
   contain the string ``"Index of Packages</title>"`` somewhere in their text.
   This can be inside of an HTML comment, if desired, and it can be anywhere
   in the page.  (Note: this string MUST NOT appear on normal project pages,
   as described in paragraphs 2 and 3(a)!)

In addition, for compatibility with PyPI versions that do not use ``#md5=``
fragment IDs, EasyInstall uses the following regular expression to match
PyPI's displayed MD5 info (broken onto two lines for readability)::

     <a href="([^"#]+)">([^<]+)</a>\n\s+\(<a href="[^?]+\?:action=show_md5
     &amp;digest=([0-9a-f]{32})">md5</a>\)