[pypy-commit] pypy arm-backend-2: merge default

bivab noreply at buildbot.pypy.org
Mon Nov 21 17:13:34 CET 2011


Author: David Schneider <david.schneider at picle.org>
Branch: arm-backend-2
Changeset: r49626:32cc8083b6f1
Date: 2011-11-21 14:18 +0100
http://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/changeset/32cc8083b6f1/

Log:	merge default

diff --git a/pypy/doc/release-1.7.0.rst b/pypy/doc/release-1.7.0.rst
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pypy/doc/release-1.7.0.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+==================================
+PyPy 1.7 - widening the sweet spot
+==================================
+
+We're pleased to announce the 1.7 release of PyPy. As became a habit, this
+release brings a lot of bugfixes and performance improvements over the 1.6
+release. However, unlike the previous releases, the focus has been on widening
+the "sweet spot" of PyPy. That is, classes of Python code that PyPy can greatly
+speed up should be vastly improved with this release. You can download the 1.7
+release here:
+
+    http://pypy.org/download.html
+
+What is PyPy?
+=============
+
+PyPy is a very compliant Python interpreter, almost a drop-in replacement for
+CPython 2.7. It's fast (`pypy 1.7 and cpython 2.7.1`_ performance comparison)
+due to its integrated tracing JIT compiler.
+
+This release supports x86 machines running Linux 32/64, Mac OS X 32/64 or
+Windows 32. Windows 64 work is ongoing, but not yet natively supported.
+
+The main topic of this release is widening the range of code which PyPy
+can greatly speed up. On average on
+our benchmark suite, PyPy 1.7 is around **30%** faster than PyPy 1.6 and up
+to **20 times** faster on some benchmarks.
+
+.. _`pypy 1.7 and cpython 2.7.1`: http://speed.pypy.org
+
+
+Highlights
+==========
+
+* Numerous performance improvements. There are too many examples which python
+  constructs now should behave faster to list them.
+
+* Bugfixes and compatibility fixes with CPython.
+
+* Windows fixes.
+
+* PyPy now comes with stackless features enabled by default. However,
+  any loop using stackless features will interrupt the JIT for now, so no real
+  performance improvement for stackless-based programs. Contact pypy-dev for
+  info how to help on removing this restriction.
+
+* NumPy effort in PyPy was renamed numpypy. In order to try using it, simply
+  write::
+
+    import numpypy as numpy
+
+  at the beginning of your program. There is a huge progress on numpy in PyPy
+  since 1.6, the main feature being implementation of dtypes.
+
+* JSON encoder (but not decoder) has been replaced with a new one. This one
+  is written in pure Python, but is known to outperform CPython's C extension
+  up to **2 times** in some cases. It's about **20 times** faster than
+  the one that we had in 1.6.
+
+* The memory footprint of some of our RPython modules has been drastically
+  improved. This should impact any applications using for example cryptography,
+  like tornado.
+
+* There was some progress in exposing even more CPython C API via cpyext.
+
+Things that didn't make it, expect in 1.8 soon
+==============================================
+
+There is an ongoing work, which while didn't make it to the release, is
+probably worth mentioning here. This is what you should probably expect in
+1.8 some time soon:
+
+* Specialized list implementation. There is a branch that implements lists of
+  integers/floats/strings as compactly as array.array. This should drastically
+  improve performance/memory impact of some applications
+
+* NumPy effort is progressing forward, with multi-dimensional arrays coming
+  soon.
+
+* There are two brand new JIT assembler backends, notably for the PowerPC and
+  ARM processors.
+
+Fundraising
+===========
+
+It's maybe worth mentioning that we're running fundraising campaigns for
+NumPy effort in PyPy and for Python 3 in PyPy. In case you want to see any
+of those happen faster, we urge you to donate to `numpy proposal`_ or
+`py3k proposal`_. In case you want PyPy to progress, but you trust us with
+the general direction, you can always donate to the `general pot`_.
+
+.. _`numpy proposal`: http://pypy.org/numpydonate.html
+.. _`py3k proposal`: http://pypy.org/py3donate.html
+.. _`general pot`: http://pypy.org
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/llimpl.py b/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/llimpl.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/llimpl.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/llimpl.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 from pypy.jit.backend.llgraph import symbolic
 from pypy.jit.codewriter import longlong
 
-from pypy.rlib import libffi
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import ComputedIntSymbolic, we_are_translated
 from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import ovfcheck
 from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_longlong, r_ulonglong, r_uint
@@ -326,12 +325,12 @@
     loop = _from_opaque(loop)
     loop.operations.append(Operation(opnum))
 
-def compile_add_descr(loop, ofs, type, arg_types, extrainfo, width):
+def compile_add_descr(loop, ofs, type, arg_types):
     from pypy.jit.backend.llgraph.runner import Descr
     loop = _from_opaque(loop)
     op = loop.operations[-1]
     assert isinstance(type, str) and len(type) == 1
-    op.descr = Descr(ofs, type, arg_types=arg_types, extrainfo=extrainfo, width=width)
+    op.descr = Descr(ofs, type, arg_types=arg_types)
 
 def compile_add_descr_arg(loop, ofs, type, arg_types):
     from pypy.jit.backend.llgraph.runner import Descr
@@ -826,16 +825,6 @@
         else:
             raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def op_getinteriorfield_raw(self, descr, array, index):
-        if descr.typeinfo == REF:
-            return do_getinteriorfield_raw_ptr(array, index, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        elif descr.typeinfo == INT:
-            return do_getinteriorfield_raw_int(array, index, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        elif descr.typeinfo == FLOAT:
-            return do_getinteriorfield_raw_float(array, index, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        else:
-            raise NotImplementedError
-
     def op_setinteriorfield_gc(self, descr, array, index, newvalue):
         if descr.typeinfo == REF:
             return do_setinteriorfield_gc_ptr(array, index, descr.ofs,
@@ -849,16 +838,6 @@
         else:
             raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def op_setinteriorfield_raw(self, descr, array, index, newvalue):
-        if descr.typeinfo == REF:
-            return do_setinteriorfield_raw_ptr(array, index, newvalue, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        elif descr.typeinfo == INT:
-            return do_setinteriorfield_raw_int(array, index, newvalue, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        elif descr.typeinfo == FLOAT:
-            return do_setinteriorfield_raw_float(array, index, newvalue, descr.width, descr.ofs)
-        else:
-            raise NotImplementedError
-
     def op_setfield_gc(self, fielddescr, struct, newvalue):
         if fielddescr.typeinfo == REF:
             do_setfield_gc_ptr(struct, fielddescr.ofs, newvalue)
@@ -1424,14 +1403,6 @@
     struct = array._obj.container.getitem(index)
     return cast_to_ptr(_getinteriorfield_gc(struct, fieldnum))
 
-def _getinteriorfield_raw(ffitype, array, index, width, ofs):
-    addr = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, array)
-    return libffi.array_getitem(ffitype, width, addr, index, ofs)
-
-def do_getinteriorfield_raw_int(array, index, width, ofs):
-    res = _getinteriorfield_raw(libffi.types.slong, array, index, width, ofs)
-    return res
-
 def _getfield_raw(struct, fieldnum):
     STRUCT, fieldname = symbolic.TokenToField[fieldnum]
     ptr = cast_from_int(lltype.Ptr(STRUCT), struct)
@@ -1508,14 +1479,7 @@
     return do_setinteriorfield_gc
 do_setinteriorfield_gc_int = new_setinteriorfield_gc(cast_from_int)
 do_setinteriorfield_gc_float = new_setinteriorfield_gc(cast_from_floatstorage)
-do_setinteriorfield_gc_ptr = new_setinteriorfield_gc(cast_from_ptr)
-
-def new_setinteriorfield_raw(ffitype):
-    def do_setinteriorfield_raw(array, index, newvalue, width, ofs):
-        addr = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, array)
-        return libffi.array_setitem(ffitype, width, addr, index, ofs, newvalue)
-    return do_setinteriorfield_raw
-do_setinteriorfield_raw_int = new_setinteriorfield_raw(libffi.types.slong)
+do_setinteriorfield_gc_ptr = new_setinteriorfield_gc(cast_from_ptr)        
 
 def do_setfield_raw_int(struct, fieldnum, newvalue):
     STRUCT, fieldname = symbolic.TokenToField[fieldnum]
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/runner.py b/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/runner.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/runner.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/llgraph/runner.py
@@ -23,10 +23,8 @@
 class Descr(history.AbstractDescr):
 
     def __init__(self, ofs, typeinfo, extrainfo=None, name=None,
-                 arg_types=None, count_fields_if_immut=-1, ffi_flags=0, width=-1):
-
+                 arg_types=None, count_fields_if_immut=-1, ffi_flags=0):
         self.ofs = ofs
-        self.width = width
         self.typeinfo = typeinfo
         self.extrainfo = extrainfo
         self.name = name
@@ -121,14 +119,14 @@
         return False
 
     def getdescr(self, ofs, typeinfo='?', extrainfo=None, name=None,
-                 arg_types=None, count_fields_if_immut=-1, ffi_flags=0, width=-1):
+                 arg_types=None, count_fields_if_immut=-1, ffi_flags=0):
         key = (ofs, typeinfo, extrainfo, name, arg_types,
-               count_fields_if_immut, ffi_flags, width)
+               count_fields_if_immut, ffi_flags)
         try:
             return self._descrs[key]
         except KeyError:
             descr = Descr(ofs, typeinfo, extrainfo, name, arg_types,
-                          count_fields_if_immut, ffi_flags, width)
+                          count_fields_if_immut, ffi_flags)
             self._descrs[key] = descr
             return descr
 
@@ -181,8 +179,7 @@
             descr = op.getdescr()
             if isinstance(descr, Descr):
                 llimpl.compile_add_descr(c, descr.ofs, descr.typeinfo,
-                                         descr.arg_types, descr.extrainfo,
-                                         descr.width)
+                                         descr.arg_types)
             if (isinstance(descr, history.LoopToken) and
                 op.getopnum() != rop.JUMP):
                 llimpl.compile_add_loop_token(c, descr)
@@ -327,22 +324,10 @@
 
     def interiorfielddescrof(self, A, fieldname):
         S = A.OF
-        width = symbolic.get_size(A)
+        ofs2 = symbolic.get_size(A)
         ofs, size = symbolic.get_field_token(S, fieldname)
         token = history.getkind(getattr(S, fieldname))
-        return self.getdescr(ofs, token[0], name=fieldname, width=width)
-
-    def interiorfielddescrof_dynamic(self, offset, width, fieldsize,
-        is_pointer, is_float, is_signed):
-
-        if is_pointer:
-            typeinfo = REF
-        elif is_float:
-            typeinfo = FLOAT
-        else:
-            typeinfo = INT
-        # we abuse the arg_types field to distinguish dynamic and static descrs
-        return Descr(offset, typeinfo, arg_types='dynamic', name='<dynamic interior field>', width=width)
+        return self.getdescr(ofs, token[0], name=fieldname, extrainfo=ofs2)
 
     def calldescrof(self, FUNC, ARGS, RESULT, extrainfo):
         arg_types = []
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/descr.py b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/descr.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/descr.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/descr.py
@@ -111,16 +111,6 @@
     def repr_of_descr(self):
         return '<%s %s %s>' % (self._clsname, self.name, self.offset)
 
-class DynamicFieldDescr(BaseFieldDescr):
-    def __init__(self, offset, fieldsize, is_pointer, is_float, is_signed):
-        self.offset = offset
-        self._fieldsize = fieldsize
-        self._is_pointer_field = is_pointer
-        self._is_float_field = is_float
-        self._is_field_signed = is_signed
-
-    def get_field_size(self, translate_support_code):
-        return self._fieldsize
 
 class NonGcPtrFieldDescr(BaseFieldDescr):
     _clsname = 'NonGcPtrFieldDescr'
@@ -192,7 +182,6 @@
     def repr_of_descr(self):
         return '<%s>' % self._clsname
 
-
 class NonGcPtrArrayDescr(BaseArrayDescr):
     _clsname = 'NonGcPtrArrayDescr'
     def get_item_size(self, translate_support_code):
@@ -222,13 +211,6 @@
     def get_ofs_length(self, translate_support_code):
         return -1
 
-class DynamicArrayNoLengthDescr(BaseArrayNoLengthDescr):
-    def __init__(self, itemsize):
-        self.itemsize = itemsize
-
-    def get_item_size(self, translate_support_code):
-        return self.itemsize
-
 class NonGcPtrArrayNoLengthDescr(BaseArrayNoLengthDescr):
     _clsname = 'NonGcPtrArrayNoLengthDescr'
     def get_item_size(self, translate_support_code):
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/llmodel.py b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/llmodel.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/llmodel.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/llmodel.py
@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@
 from pypy.jit.backend.llsupport import symbolic
 from pypy.jit.backend.llsupport.symbolic import WORD, unroll_basic_sizes
 from pypy.jit.backend.llsupport.descr import (get_size_descr,
-     get_field_descr, BaseFieldDescr, DynamicFieldDescr, get_array_descr,
-     BaseArrayDescr, DynamicArrayNoLengthDescr, get_call_descr,
-     BaseIntCallDescr, GcPtrCallDescr, FloatCallDescr, VoidCallDescr,
-     InteriorFieldDescr, get_interiorfield_descr)
+     get_field_descr, BaseFieldDescr, get_array_descr, BaseArrayDescr,
+     get_call_descr, BaseIntCallDescr, GcPtrCallDescr, FloatCallDescr,
+     VoidCallDescr, InteriorFieldDescr, get_interiorfield_descr)
 from pypy.jit.backend.llsupport.asmmemmgr import AsmMemoryManager
 
 
@@ -241,12 +240,6 @@
     def interiorfielddescrof(self, A, fieldname):
         return get_interiorfield_descr(self.gc_ll_descr, A, A.OF, fieldname)
 
-    def interiorfielddescrof_dynamic(self, offset, width, fieldsize,
-        is_pointer, is_float, is_signed):
-        arraydescr = DynamicArrayNoLengthDescr(width)
-        fielddescr = DynamicFieldDescr(offset, fieldsize, is_pointer, is_float, is_signed)
-        return InteriorFieldDescr(arraydescr, fielddescr)
-
     def unpack_arraydescr(self, arraydescr):
         assert isinstance(arraydescr, BaseArrayDescr)
         return arraydescr.get_base_size(self.translate_support_code)
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/test/test_gc.py b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/test/test_gc.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/test/test_gc.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/llsupport/test/test_gc.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
         gcrootmap.put(retaddr, shapeaddr)
         assert gcrootmap._gcmap[0] == retaddr
         assert gcrootmap._gcmap[1] == shapeaddr
-        p = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, gcrootmap.gcmapstart())
+        p = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, gcrootmap.gcmapstart())
         assert p[0] == retaddr
         assert (gcrootmap.gcmapend() ==
                 gcrootmap.gcmapstart() + rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2)
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/model.py b/pypy/jit/backend/model.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/model.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/model.py
@@ -188,35 +188,38 @@
             lst[n] = None
         self.fail_descr_free_list.extend(faildescr_indices)
 
-    def sizeof(self, S):
+    @staticmethod
+    def sizeof(S):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def fielddescrof(self, S, fieldname):
+    @staticmethod
+    def fielddescrof(S, fieldname):
         """Return the Descr corresponding to field 'fieldname' on the
         structure 'S'.  It is important that this function (at least)
         caches the results."""
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def interiorfielddescrof(self, A, fieldname):
+    @staticmethod
+    def arraydescrof(A):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def interiorfielddescrof_dynamic(self, offset, width, fieldsize, is_pointer,
-        is_float, is_signed):
-        raise NotImplementedError
-
-    def arraydescrof(self, A):
-        raise NotImplementedError
-
-    def calldescrof(self, FUNC, ARGS, RESULT):
+    @staticmethod
+    def calldescrof(FUNC, ARGS, RESULT):
         # FUNC is the original function type, but ARGS is a list of types
         # with Voids removed
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def methdescrof(self, SELFTYPE, methname):
+    @staticmethod
+    def methdescrof(SELFTYPE, methname):
         # must return a subclass of history.AbstractMethDescr
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def typedescrof(self, TYPE):
+    @staticmethod
+    def typedescrof(TYPE):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def interiorfielddescrof(A, fieldname):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
     # ---------- the backend-dependent operations ----------
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_zll_random.py b/pypy/jit/backend/test/test_zll_stress.py
rename from pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_zll_random.py
rename to pypy/jit/backend/test/test_zll_stress.py
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/assembler.py b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/assembler.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/assembler.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/assembler.py
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem.lloperation import llop
 from pypy.rpython.annlowlevel import llhelper
 from pypy.jit.backend.model import CompiledLoopToken
-from pypy.jit.backend.x86.regalloc import (RegAlloc, get_ebp_ofs, _get_scale,
-    gpr_reg_mgr_cls, _valid_addressing_size)
+from pypy.jit.backend.x86.regalloc import (RegAlloc, get_ebp_ofs,
+                                           _get_scale, gpr_reg_mgr_cls)
 
 from pypy.jit.backend.x86.arch import (FRAME_FIXED_SIZE, FORCE_INDEX_OFS, WORD,
                                        IS_X86_32, IS_X86_64)
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
             after()
 
     _NOARG_FUNC = lltype.Ptr(lltype.FuncType([], lltype.Void))
-    _CLOSESTACK_FUNC = lltype.Ptr(lltype.FuncType([rffi.LONGP],
+    _CLOSESTACK_FUNC = lltype.Ptr(lltype.FuncType([rffi.SIGNEDP],
                                                   lltype.Void))
 
     def _build_release_gil(self, gcrootmap):
@@ -1601,10 +1601,8 @@
         assert isinstance(itemsize_loc, ImmedLoc)
         if isinstance(index_loc, ImmedLoc):
             temp_loc = imm(index_loc.value * itemsize_loc.value)
-        elif _valid_addressing_size(itemsize_loc.value):
-            return AddressLoc(base_loc, index_loc, _get_scale(itemsize_loc.value), ofs_loc.value)
         else:
-            # XXX should not use IMUL in more cases, it can use a clever LEA
+            # XXX should not use IMUL in most cases
             assert isinstance(temp_loc, RegLoc)
             assert isinstance(index_loc, RegLoc)
             assert not temp_loc.is_xmm
@@ -1621,8 +1619,6 @@
                                                 ofs_loc)
         self.load_from_mem(resloc, src_addr, fieldsize_loc, sign_loc)
 
-    genop_getinteriorfield_raw = genop_getinteriorfield_gc
-
 
     def genop_discard_setfield_gc(self, op, arglocs):
         base_loc, ofs_loc, size_loc, value_loc = arglocs
@@ -1638,8 +1634,6 @@
                                                  ofs_loc)
         self.save_into_mem(dest_addr, value_loc, fieldsize_loc)
 
-    genop_discard_setinteriorfield_raw = genop_discard_setinteriorfield_gc
-
     def genop_discard_setarrayitem_gc(self, op, arglocs):
         base_loc, ofs_loc, value_loc, size_loc, baseofs = arglocs
         assert isinstance(baseofs, ImmedLoc)
@@ -1980,10 +1974,10 @@
                 kind = code & 3
                 code = (code - self.CODE_FROMSTACK) >> 2
                 stackloc = frame_addr + get_ebp_ofs(code)
-                value = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, stackloc)[0]
+                value = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, stackloc)[0]
                 if kind == self.DESCR_FLOAT and WORD == 4:
                     value_hi = value
-                    value = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, stackloc - 4)[0]
+                    value = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, stackloc - 4)[0]
             else:
                 # 'code' identifies a register: load its value
                 kind = code & 3
@@ -2011,10 +2005,10 @@
             elif kind == self.DESCR_FLOAT:
                 tgt = self.fail_boxes_float.get_addr_for_num(num)
                 if WORD == 4:
-                    rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, tgt)[1] = value_hi
+                    rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, tgt)[1] = value_hi
             else:
                 assert 0, "bogus kind"
-            rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, tgt)[0] = value
+            rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, tgt)[0] = value
             num += 1
         #
         if not we_are_translated():
@@ -2040,7 +2034,7 @@
         self.failure_recovery_func = failure_recovery_func
         self.failure_recovery_code = [0, 0, 0, 0]
 
-    _FAILURE_RECOVERY_FUNC = lltype.Ptr(lltype.FuncType([rffi.LONGP],
+    _FAILURE_RECOVERY_FUNC = lltype.Ptr(lltype.FuncType([rffi.SIGNEDP],
                                                         lltype.Signed))
 
     def _build_failure_recovery(self, exc, withfloats=False):
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/codebuf.py b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/codebuf.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/codebuf.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/codebuf.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
         if self.relocations is not None:
             for reloc in self.relocations:
                 p = addr + reloc
-                adr = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, p - WORD)
+                adr = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, p - WORD)
                 adr[0] = intmask(adr[0] - p)
         valgrind.discard_translations(addr, self.get_relative_pos())
         self._dump(addr, "jit-backend-dump", backend_name)
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/regalloc.py b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/regalloc.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/regalloc.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/regalloc.py
@@ -1017,8 +1017,6 @@
         self.PerformDiscard(op, [base_loc, ofs, itemsize, fieldsize,
                                  index_loc, temp_loc, value_loc])
 
-    consider_setinteriorfield_raw = consider_setinteriorfield_gc
-
     def consider_strsetitem(self, op):
         args = op.getarglist()
         base_loc = self.rm.make_sure_var_in_reg(op.getarg(0), args)
@@ -1110,8 +1108,6 @@
         self.Perform(op, [base_loc, ofs, itemsize, fieldsize,
                           index_loc, temp_loc, sign_loc], result_loc)
 
-    consider_getinteriorfield_raw = consider_getinteriorfield_gc
-
     def consider_int_is_true(self, op, guard_op):
         # doesn't need arg to be in a register
         argloc = self.loc(op.getarg(0))
@@ -1384,11 +1380,8 @@
     # i.e. the n'th word beyond the fixed frame size.
     return -WORD * (FRAME_FIXED_SIZE + position)
 
-def _valid_addressing_size(size):
-    return size == 1 or size == 2 or size == 4 or size == 8
-
 def _get_scale(size):
-    assert _valid_addressing_size(size)
+    assert size == 1 or size == 2 or size == 4 or size == 8
     if size < 4:
         return size - 1         # 1, 2 => 0, 1
     else:
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/runner.py b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/runner.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/runner.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/runner.py
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
     cast_ptr_to_int._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:arglltype(0)'
     cast_ptr_to_int = staticmethod(cast_ptr_to_int)
 
-    all_null_registers = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, 24,
+    all_null_registers = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, 24,
                                        flavor='raw', zero=True,
                                        immortal=True)
 
diff --git a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_assembler.py b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_assembler.py
--- a/pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_assembler.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/backend/x86/test/test_assembler.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
         assert withfloats
         value = random.random() - 0.5
         # make sure it fits into 64 bits
-        tmp = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, 2, flavor='raw',
+        tmp = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, 2, flavor='raw',
                             track_allocation=False)
         rffi.cast(rffi.DOUBLEP, tmp)[0] = value
         return rffi.cast(rffi.DOUBLEP, tmp)[0], tmp[0], tmp[1]
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@
 
     # prepare the expected target arrays, the descr_bytecode,
     # the 'registers' and the 'stack' arrays according to 'content'
-    xmmregisters = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, 16+ACTUAL_CPU.NUM_REGS+1,
+    xmmregisters = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, 16+ACTUAL_CPU.NUM_REGS+1,
                                  flavor='raw', immortal=True)
     registers = rffi.ptradd(xmmregisters, 16)
     stacklen = baseloc + 30
-    stack = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, stacklen, flavor='raw',
+    stack = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, stacklen, flavor='raw',
                           immortal=True)
     expected_ints = [0] * len(content)
     expected_ptrs = [lltype.nullptr(llmemory.GCREF.TO)] * len(content)
diff --git a/pypy/jit/codewriter/effectinfo.py b/pypy/jit/codewriter/effectinfo.py
--- a/pypy/jit/codewriter/effectinfo.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/codewriter/effectinfo.py
@@ -48,8 +48,6 @@
     OS_LIBFFI_PREPARE           = 60
     OS_LIBFFI_PUSH_ARG          = 61
     OS_LIBFFI_CALL              = 62
-    OS_LIBFFI_GETARRAYITEM      = 63
-    OS_LIBFFI_SETARRAYITEM      = 64
     #
     OS_LLONG_INVERT             = 69
     OS_LLONG_ADD                = 70
diff --git a/pypy/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py b/pypy/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
--- a/pypy/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
@@ -1615,12 +1615,6 @@
         elif oopspec_name.startswith('libffi_call_'):
             oopspecindex = EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_CALL
             extraeffect = EffectInfo.EF_RANDOM_EFFECTS
-        elif oopspec_name == 'libffi_array_getitem':
-            oopspecindex = EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_GETARRAYITEM
-            extraeffect = EffectInfo.EF_CANNOT_RAISE
-        elif oopspec_name == 'libffi_array_setitem':
-            oopspecindex = EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_SETARRAYITEM
-            extraeffect = EffectInfo.EF_CANNOT_RAISE
         else:
             assert False, 'unsupported oopspec: %s' % oopspec_name
         return self._handle_oopspec_call(op, args, oopspecindex, extraeffect)
diff --git a/pypy/jit/metainterp/executor.py b/pypy/jit/metainterp/executor.py
--- a/pypy/jit/metainterp/executor.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/metainterp/executor.py
@@ -340,8 +340,6 @@
                          rop.DEBUG_MERGE_POINT,
                          rop.JIT_DEBUG,
                          rop.SETARRAYITEM_RAW,
-                         rop.GETINTERIORFIELD_RAW,
-                         rop.SETINTERIORFIELD_RAW,
                          rop.CALL_RELEASE_GIL,
                          rop.QUASIIMMUT_FIELD,
                          ):      # list of opcodes never executed by pyjitpl
diff --git a/pypy/jit/metainterp/optimizeopt/fficall.py b/pypy/jit/metainterp/optimizeopt/fficall.py
--- a/pypy/jit/metainterp/optimizeopt/fficall.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/metainterp/optimizeopt/fficall.py
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
+from pypy.rpython.annlowlevel import cast_base_ptr_to_instance
+from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import we_are_translated
+from pypy.rlib.libffi import Func
+from pypy.rlib.debug import debug_print
 from pypy.jit.codewriter.effectinfo import EffectInfo
+from pypy.jit.metainterp.resoperation import rop, ResOperation
+from pypy.jit.metainterp.optimizeopt.util import make_dispatcher_method
 from pypy.jit.metainterp.optimizeopt.optimizer import Optimization
-from pypy.jit.metainterp.optimizeopt.util import make_dispatcher_method
-from pypy.jit.metainterp.resoperation import rop, ResOperation
-from pypy.rlib import clibffi, libffi
-from pypy.rlib.debug import debug_print
-from pypy.rlib.libffi import Func
-from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import we_are_translated
-from pypy.rpython.annlowlevel import cast_base_ptr_to_instance
-from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llmemory
 
 
 class FuncInfo(object):
@@ -80,7 +78,7 @@
 
     def new(self):
         return OptFfiCall()
-
+    
     def begin_optimization(self, funcval, op):
         self.rollback_maybe('begin_optimization', op)
         self.funcinfo = FuncInfo(funcval, self.optimizer.cpu, op)
@@ -118,9 +116,6 @@
             ops = self.do_push_arg(op)
         elif oopspec == EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_CALL:
             ops = self.do_call(op)
-        elif (oopspec == EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_GETARRAYITEM or
-            oopspec == EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_SETARRAYITEM):
-            ops = self.do_getsetarrayitem(op, oopspec)
         #
         for op in ops:
             self.emit_operation(op)
@@ -195,53 +190,6 @@
         ops.append(newop)
         return ops
 
-    def do_getsetarrayitem(self, op, oopspec):
-        ffitypeval = self.getvalue(op.getarg(1))
-        widthval = self.getvalue(op.getarg(2))
-        offsetval = self.getvalue(op.getarg(5))
-        if not ffitypeval.is_constant() or not widthval.is_constant() or not offsetval.is_constant():
-            return [op]
-
-        ffitypeaddr = ffitypeval.box.getaddr()
-        ffitype = llmemory.cast_adr_to_ptr(ffitypeaddr, clibffi.FFI_TYPE_P)
-        offset = offsetval.box.getint()
-        width = widthval.box.getint()
-        descr = self._get_interior_descr(ffitype, width, offset)
-
-        arglist = [
-            self.getvalue(op.getarg(3)).force_box(self.optimizer),
-            self.getvalue(op.getarg(4)).force_box(self.optimizer),
-        ]
-        if oopspec == EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_GETARRAYITEM:
-            opnum = rop.GETINTERIORFIELD_RAW
-        elif oopspec == EffectInfo.OS_LIBFFI_SETARRAYITEM:
-            opnum = rop.SETINTERIORFIELD_RAW
-            arglist.append(self.getvalue(op.getarg(6)).force_box(self.optimizer))
-        else:
-            assert False
-        return [
-            ResOperation(opnum, arglist, op.result, descr=descr),
-        ]
-
-    def _get_interior_descr(self, ffitype, width, offset):
-        kind = libffi.types.getkind(ffitype)
-        is_pointer = is_float = is_signed = False
-        if ffitype is libffi.types.pointer:
-            is_pointer = True
-        elif kind == 'i':
-            is_signed = True
-        elif kind == 'f' or kind == 'I' or kind == 'U':
-            # longlongs are treated as floats, see
-            # e.g. llsupport/descr.py:getDescrClass
-            is_float = True
-        else:
-            assert False, "unsupported ffitype or kind"
-        #
-        fieldsize = ffitype.c_size
-        return self.optimizer.cpu.interiorfielddescrof_dynamic(
-            offset, width, fieldsize, is_pointer, is_float, is_signed
-        )
-
     def propagate_forward(self, op):
         if self.logops is not None:
             debug_print(self.logops.repr_of_resop(op))
diff --git a/pypy/jit/metainterp/resoperation.py b/pypy/jit/metainterp/resoperation.py
--- a/pypy/jit/metainterp/resoperation.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/metainterp/resoperation.py
@@ -461,7 +461,6 @@
     'GETARRAYITEM_GC/2d',
     'GETARRAYITEM_RAW/2d',
     'GETINTERIORFIELD_GC/2d',
-    'GETINTERIORFIELD_RAW/2d',
     'GETFIELD_GC/1d',
     'GETFIELD_RAW/1d',
     '_MALLOC_FIRST',
@@ -480,7 +479,6 @@
     'SETARRAYITEM_GC/3d',
     'SETARRAYITEM_RAW/3d',
     'SETINTERIORFIELD_GC/3d',
-    'SETINTERIORFIELD_RAW/3d',
     'SETFIELD_GC/2d',
     'SETFIELD_RAW/2d',
     'STRSETITEM/3',
diff --git a/pypy/jit/metainterp/test/test_fficall.py b/pypy/jit/metainterp/test/test_fficall.py
--- a/pypy/jit/metainterp/test/test_fficall.py
+++ b/pypy/jit/metainterp/test/test_fficall.py
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
+
 import py
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_singlefloat, r_longlong, r_ulonglong
+from pypy.rlib.jit import JitDriver, promote, dont_look_inside
+from pypy.rlib.unroll import unrolling_iterable
+from pypy.rlib.libffi import ArgChain
+from pypy.rlib.libffi import IS_32_BIT
+from pypy.rlib.test.test_libffi import TestLibffiCall as _TestLibffiCall
+from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, rffi
+from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import specialize
+from pypy.tool.sourcetools import func_with_new_name
+from pypy.jit.metainterp.test.support import LLJitMixin
 
-from pypy.jit.metainterp.test.support import LLJitMixin
-from pypy.rlib.jit import JitDriver, promote, dont_look_inside
-from pypy.rlib.libffi import (ArgChain, IS_32_BIT, array_getitem, array_setitem,
-    types)
-from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import specialize
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_singlefloat, r_longlong, r_ulonglong
-from pypy.rlib.test.test_libffi import TestLibffiCall as _TestLibffiCall
-from pypy.rlib.unroll import unrolling_iterable
-from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, rffi
-from pypy.tool.sourcetools import func_with_new_name
+class TestFfiCall(LLJitMixin, _TestLibffiCall):
+    supports_all = False     # supports_{floats,longlong,singlefloats}
 
-
-class FfiCallTests(_TestLibffiCall):
     # ===> ../../../rlib/test/test_libffi.py
 
     def call(self, funcspec, args, RESULT, is_struct=False, jitif=[]):
@@ -91,69 +92,6 @@
     test_byval_result.__doc__ = _TestLibffiCall.test_byval_result.__doc__
     test_byval_result.dont_track_allocations = True
 
-class FfiLookupTests(object):
-    def test_array_fields(self):
-        myjitdriver = JitDriver(
-            greens = [],
-            reds = ["n", "i", "points", "result_point"],
-        )
 
-        POINT = lltype.Struct("POINT",
-            ("x", lltype.Signed),
-            ("y", lltype.Signed),
-        )
-        def f(points, result_point, n):
-            i = 0
-            while i < n:
-                myjitdriver.jit_merge_point(i=i, points=points, n=n,
-                                            result_point=result_point)
-                x = array_getitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, points, i, 0
-                )
-                y = array_getitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, points, i, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed)
-                )
-
-                cur_x = array_getitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, result_point, 0, 0
-                )
-                cur_y = array_getitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, result_point, 0, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed)
-                )
-
-                array_setitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, result_point, 0, 0, cur_x + x
-                )
-                array_setitem(
-                    types.slong, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed) * 2, result_point, 0, rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed), cur_y + y
-                )
-                i += 1
-
-        def main(n):
-            with lltype.scoped_alloc(rffi.CArray(POINT), n) as points:
-                with lltype.scoped_alloc(rffi.CArray(POINT), 1) as result_point:
-                    for i in xrange(n):
-                        points[i].x = i * 2
-                        points[i].y = i * 2 + 1
-                    points = rffi.cast(rffi.CArrayPtr(lltype.Char), points)
-                    result_point[0].x = 0
-                    result_point[0].y = 0
-                    result_point = rffi.cast(rffi.CArrayPtr(lltype.Char), result_point)
-                    f(points, result_point, n)
-                    result_point = rffi.cast(rffi.CArrayPtr(POINT), result_point)
-                    return result_point[0].x * result_point[0].y
-
-        assert self.meta_interp(main, [10]) == main(10) == 9000
-        self.check_loops({"int_add": 3, "jump": 1, "int_lt": 1, "guard_true": 1,
-                          "getinteriorfield_raw": 4, "setinteriorfield_raw": 2
-        })
-
-
-class TestFfiCall(FfiCallTests, LLJitMixin):
-    supports_all = False
-
-class TestFfiCallSupportAll(FfiCallTests, LLJitMixin):
+class TestFfiCallSupportAll(TestFfiCall):
     supports_all = True     # supports_{floats,longlong,singlefloats}
-
-class TestFfiLookup(FfiLookupTests, LLJitMixin):
-    pass
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/include/modsupport.h b/pypy/module/cpyext/include/modsupport.h
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/include/modsupport.h
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/include/modsupport.h
@@ -48,11 +48,7 @@
 /*
  * This is from pyport.h.  Perhaps it belongs elsewhere.
  */
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-#define PyMODINIT_FUNC extern "C" void
-#else
 #define PyMODINIT_FUNC void
-#endif
 
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/presetup.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/presetup.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/presetup.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/presetup.py
@@ -42,4 +42,4 @@
 patch_distutils()
 
 del sys.argv[0]
-execfile(sys.argv[0], {'__file__': sys.argv[0], '__name__': '__main__'})
+execfile(sys.argv[0], {'__file__': sys.argv[0]})
diff --git a/pypy/objspace/std/objspace.py b/pypy/objspace/std/objspace.py
--- a/pypy/objspace/std/objspace.py
+++ b/pypy/objspace/std/objspace.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from pypy.objspace.descroperation import DescrOperation, raiseattrerror
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import instantiate, r_dict, specialize, is_annotation_constant
 from pypy.rlib.debug import make_sure_not_resized
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import base_int, widen
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import base_int, widen, is_valid_int
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import we_are_translated
 from pypy.rlib import jit
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
         if isinstance(x, OperationError):
             raise TypeError, ("attempt to wrap already wrapped exception: %s"%
                               (x,))
-        if isinstance(x, int):
+        if isinstance(x, (int, long)) and is_valid_int(x):
             if isinstance(x, bool):
                 return self.newbool(x)
             else:
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/_rffi_stacklet.py b/pypy/rlib/_rffi_stacklet.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/_rffi_stacklet.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/_rffi_stacklet.py
@@ -3,16 +3,32 @@
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, llmemory, rffi
 from pypy.translator.tool.cbuild import ExternalCompilationInfo
 from pypy.rpython.tool import rffi_platform
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import is_emulated_long
+import sys
 
 
 cdir = py.path.local(pypydir) / 'translator' / 'c'
 
-
 eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(
     include_dirs = [cdir],
     includes = ['src/stacklet/stacklet.h'],
     separate_module_sources = ['#include "src/stacklet/stacklet.c"\n'],
 )
+if sys.platform == 'win32':
+    if is_emulated_long:
+        asmsrc = 'switch_x64_msvc.asm'
+    else:
+        asmsrc = 'switch_x86_msvc.asm'
+    eci.separate_module_files += (cdir / 'src' / 'stacklet' / asmsrc, )
+    eci.export_symbols += (
+        'stacklet_newthread',
+        'stacklet_deletethread',
+        'stacklet_new',
+        'stacklet_switch',
+        'stacklet_destroy',
+        '_stacklet_translate_pointer',
+        )
+
 rffi_platform.verify_eci(eci.convert_sources_to_files())
 
 def llexternal(name, args, result, **kwds):
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/clibffi.py b/pypy/rlib/clibffi.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/clibffi.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/clibffi.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from pypy.rpython.tool import rffi_platform
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, rffi
 from pypy.rlib.unroll import unrolling_iterable
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, r_uint
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, r_uint, is_emulated_long
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import we_are_translated
 from pypy.rlib.rmmap import alloc
 from pypy.rlib.rdynload import dlopen, dlclose, dlsym, dlsym_byordinal
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 _MSVC = platform.name == "msvc"
 _MINGW = platform.name == "mingw32"
 _WIN32 = _MSVC or _MINGW
+_WIN64 = _WIN32 and is_emulated_long
 _MAC_OS = platform.name == "darwin"
 _FREEBSD_7 = platform.name == "freebsd7"
 
@@ -116,6 +117,10 @@
          ])
 else:
     libffidir = py.path.local(pypydir).join('translator', 'c', 'src', 'libffi_msvc')
+    if not _WIN64:
+        asm_ifc = 'win32.c'
+    else:
+        asm_ifc = 'win64.asm'
     eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(
         includes = ['ffi.h', 'windows.h'],
         libraries = ['kernel32'],
@@ -123,7 +128,7 @@
         separate_module_sources = separate_module_sources,
         separate_module_files = [libffidir.join('ffi.c'),
                                  libffidir.join('prep_cif.c'),
-                                 libffidir.join('win32.c'),
+                                 libffidir.join(asm_ifc),
                                  libffidir.join('pypy_ffi.c'),
                                  ],
         export_symbols = ['ffi_call', 'ffi_prep_cif', 'ffi_prep_closure',
@@ -139,7 +144,7 @@
     FFI_OK = rffi_platform.ConstantInteger('FFI_OK')
     FFI_BAD_TYPEDEF = rffi_platform.ConstantInteger('FFI_BAD_TYPEDEF')
     FFI_DEFAULT_ABI = rffi_platform.ConstantInteger('FFI_DEFAULT_ABI')
-    if _WIN32:
+    if _WIN32 and not _WIN64:
         FFI_STDCALL = rffi_platform.ConstantInteger('FFI_STDCALL')
 
     FFI_TYPE_STRUCT = rffi_platform.ConstantInteger('FFI_TYPE_STRUCT')
@@ -431,7 +436,7 @@
 FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR = 16
 
 def get_call_conv(flags, from_jit):
-    if _WIN32 and (flags & FUNCFLAG_CDECL == 0):
+    if _WIN32 and not _WIN64 and (flags & FUNCFLAG_CDECL == 0):
         return FFI_STDCALL
     else:
         return FFI_DEFAULT_ABI
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/debug.py b/pypy/rlib/debug.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/debug.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/debug.py
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
     """Give a translation-time error if 'x' is not a plain int
     (e.g. if it's a r_longlong or an r_uint).
     """
-    assert type(x) is int
+    assert type(x) in (int, long)
     return x
 
 class Entry(ExtRegistryEntry):
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/jit.py b/pypy/rlib/jit.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/jit.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/jit.py
@@ -450,55 +450,6 @@
         # special-cased by ExtRegistryEntry
         pass
 
-    def _set_param(self, name, value):
-        # special-cased by ExtRegistryEntry
-        # (internal, must receive a constant 'name')
-        # if value is DEFAULT, sets the default value.
-        assert name in PARAMETERS
-
-    @specialize.arg(0, 1)
-    def set_param(self, name, value):
-        """Set one of the tunable JIT parameter."""
-        self._set_param(name, value)
-
-    @specialize.arg(0, 1)
-    def set_param_to_default(self, name):
-        """Reset one of the tunable JIT parameters to its default value."""
-        self._set_param(name, DEFAULT)
-
-    def set_user_param(self, text):
-        """Set the tunable JIT parameters from a user-supplied string
-        following the format 'param=value,param=value', or 'off' to
-        disable the JIT.  For programmatic setting of parameters, use
-        directly JitDriver.set_param().
-        """
-        if text == 'off':
-            self.set_param('threshold', -1)
-            self.set_param('function_threshold', -1)
-            return
-        if text == 'default':
-            for name1, _ in unroll_parameters:
-                self.set_param_to_default(name1)
-            return
-        for s in text.split(','):
-            s = s.strip(' ')
-            parts = s.split('=')
-            if len(parts) != 2:
-                raise ValueError
-            name = parts[0]
-            value = parts[1]
-            if name == 'enable_opts':
-                self.set_param('enable_opts', value)
-            else:
-                for name1, _ in unroll_parameters:
-                    if name1 == name and name1 != 'enable_opts':
-                        try:
-                            self.set_param(name1, int(value))
-                        except ValueError:
-                            raise
-    set_user_param._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:arg(0)'
-
-
     def on_compile(self, logger, looptoken, operations, type, *greenargs):
         """ A hook called when loop is compiled. Overwrite
         for your own jitdriver if you want to do something special, like
@@ -524,16 +475,61 @@
         self.jit_merge_point = self.jit_merge_point
         self.can_enter_jit = self.can_enter_jit
         self.loop_header = self.loop_header
-        self._set_param = self._set_param
-
         class Entry(ExtEnterLeaveMarker):
             _about_ = (self.jit_merge_point, self.can_enter_jit)
 
         class Entry(ExtLoopHeader):
             _about_ = self.loop_header
 
-        class Entry(ExtSetParam):
-            _about_ = self._set_param
+def _set_param(driver, name, value):
+    # special-cased by ExtRegistryEntry
+    # (internal, must receive a constant 'name')
+    # if value is DEFAULT, sets the default value.
+    assert name in PARAMETERS
+
+ at specialize.arg(0, 1)
+def set_param(driver, name, value):
+    """Set one of the tunable JIT parameter. Driver can be None, then all
+    drivers have this set """
+    _set_param(driver, name, value)
+
+ at specialize.arg(0, 1)
+def set_param_to_default(driver, name):
+    """Reset one of the tunable JIT parameters to its default value."""
+    _set_param(driver, name, DEFAULT)
+
+def set_user_param(driver, text):
+    """Set the tunable JIT parameters from a user-supplied string
+    following the format 'param=value,param=value', or 'off' to
+    disable the JIT.  For programmatic setting of parameters, use
+    directly JitDriver.set_param().
+    """
+    if text == 'off':
+        set_param(driver, 'threshold', -1)
+        set_param(driver, 'function_threshold', -1)
+        return
+    if text == 'default':
+        for name1, _ in unroll_parameters:
+            set_param_to_default(driver, name1)
+        return
+    for s in text.split(','):
+        s = s.strip(' ')
+        parts = s.split('=')
+        if len(parts) != 2:
+            raise ValueError
+        name = parts[0]
+        value = parts[1]
+        if name == 'enable_opts':
+            set_param(driver, 'enable_opts', value)
+        else:
+            for name1, _ in unroll_parameters:
+                if name1 == name and name1 != 'enable_opts':
+                    try:
+                        set_param(driver, name1, int(value))
+                    except ValueError:
+                        raise
+set_user_param._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:arg(0)'
+
 
 # ____________________________________________________________
 #
@@ -705,8 +701,9 @@
                          resulttype=lltype.Void)
 
 class ExtSetParam(ExtRegistryEntry):
+    _about_ = _set_param
 
-    def compute_result_annotation(self, s_name, s_value):
+    def compute_result_annotation(self, s_driver, s_name, s_value):
         from pypy.annotation import model as annmodel
         assert s_name.is_constant()
         if not self.bookkeeper.immutablevalue(DEFAULT).contains(s_value):
@@ -722,21 +719,22 @@
         from pypy.objspace.flow.model import Constant
 
         hop.exception_cannot_occur()
-        driver = self.instance.im_self
-        name = hop.args_s[0].const
+        driver = hop.inputarg(lltype.Void, arg=0)
+        name = hop.args_s[1].const
         if name == 'enable_opts':
             repr = string_repr
         else:
             repr = lltype.Signed
-        if (isinstance(hop.args_v[1], Constant) and
-            hop.args_v[1].value is DEFAULT):
+        if (isinstance(hop.args_v[2], Constant) and
+            hop.args_v[2].value is DEFAULT):
             value = PARAMETERS[name]
             v_value = hop.inputconst(repr, value)
         else:
-            v_value = hop.inputarg(repr, arg=1)
+            v_value = hop.inputarg(repr, arg=2)
         vlist = [hop.inputconst(lltype.Void, "set_param"),
-                 hop.inputconst(lltype.Void, driver),
+                 driver,
                  hop.inputconst(lltype.Void, name),
                  v_value]
         return hop.genop('jit_marker', vlist,
                          resulttype=lltype.Void)
+
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/rarithmetic.py b/pypy/rlib/rarithmetic.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/rarithmetic.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/rarithmetic.py
@@ -30,22 +30,54 @@
 
 
 """
-import sys
+import sys, struct
 from pypy.rpython import extregistry
 from pypy.rlib import objectmodel
 
-# set up of machine internals
-_bits = 0
-_itest = 1
-_Ltest = 1L
-while _itest == _Ltest and type(_itest) is int:
-    _itest *= 2
-    _Ltest *= 2
-    _bits += 1
+"""
+Long-term target:
+We want to make pypy very flexible concerning its data type layout.
+This is a larger task for later.
 
-LONG_BIT = _bits+1
-LONG_MASK = _Ltest*2-1
-LONG_TEST = _Ltest
+Short-term target:
+We want to run PyPy on windows 64 bit.
+
+Problem:
+On windows 64 bit, integers are only 32 bit. This is a problem for PyPy
+right now, since it assumes that a c long can hold a pointer.
+We therefore set up the target machine constants to obey this rule.
+Right now this affects 64 bit Python only on windows.
+
+Note: We use the struct module, because the array module doesn's support
+all typecodes.
+"""
+
+def _get_bitsize(typecode):
+    return len(struct.pack(typecode, 1)) * 8
+
+_long_typecode = 'l'
+if _get_bitsize('P') > _get_bitsize('l'):
+    _long_typecode = 'P'
+
+def _get_long_bit():
+    # whatever size a long has, make it big enough for a pointer.
+    return _get_bitsize(_long_typecode)
+
+# exported for now for testing array values. 
+# might go into its own module.
+def get_long_pattern(x):
+    """get the bit pattern for a long, adjusted to pointer size"""
+    return struct.pack(_long_typecode, x)
+
+# used in tests for ctypes and for genc and friends
+# to handle the win64 special case:
+is_emulated_long = _long_typecode <> 'l'
+    
+LONG_BIT = _get_long_bit()
+LONG_MASK = (2**LONG_BIT)-1
+LONG_TEST = 2**(LONG_BIT-1)
+
+# XXX this is a good guess, but what if a long long is 128 bit?
 LONGLONG_BIT  = 64
 LONGLONG_MASK = (2**LONGLONG_BIT)-1
 LONGLONG_TEST = 2**(LONGLONG_BIT-1)
@@ -55,17 +87,23 @@
     LONG_BIT_SHIFT += 1
     assert LONG_BIT_SHIFT < 99, "LONG_BIT_SHIFT value not found?"
 
+"""
+int is no longer necessarily the same size as the target int.
+We therefore can no longer use the int type as it is, but need
+to use long everywhere.
+"""
+    
 def intmask(n):
-    if isinstance(n, int):
-        return int(n)   # possibly bool->int
     if isinstance(n, objectmodel.Symbolic):
         return n        # assume Symbolics don't overflow
     assert not isinstance(n, float)
+    if is_valid_int(n):
+        return int(n)
     n = long(n)
     n &= LONG_MASK
     if n >= LONG_TEST:
         n -= 2*LONG_TEST
-    return int(n)
+    return n
 
 def longlongmask(n):
     assert isinstance(n, (int, long))
@@ -95,7 +133,8 @@
         r_class.BITS == LONG_BIT and r_class.SIGNED)
 _should_widen_type._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:memo'
 
-del _bits, _itest, _Ltest
+def is_valid_int(r):
+    return -sys.maxint - 1 <= r <= sys.maxint
 
 def ovfcheck(r):
     "NOT_RPYTHON"
@@ -103,8 +142,10 @@
     # raise OverflowError if the operation did overflow
     assert not isinstance(r, r_uint), "unexpected ovf check on unsigned"
     assert not isinstance(r, r_longlong), "ovfcheck not supported on r_longlong"
-    assert not isinstance(r,r_ulonglong),"ovfcheck not supported on r_ulonglong"
-    if type(r) is long:
+    assert not isinstance(r, r_ulonglong), "ovfcheck not supported on r_ulonglong"
+    if type(r) is long and not is_valid_int(r):
+        # the type check is needed to make ovfcheck skip symbolics.
+        # this happens in the garbage collector.
         raise OverflowError, "signed integer expression did overflow"
     return r
 
@@ -416,6 +457,9 @@
 r_longlong = build_int('r_longlong', True, 64)
 r_ulonglong = build_int('r_ulonglong', False, 64)
 
+r_long = build_int('r_long', True, 32)
+r_ulong = build_int('r_ulong', False, 32)
+
 longlongmax = r_longlong(LONGLONG_TEST - 1)
 
 if r_longlong is not r_int:
@@ -423,6 +467,14 @@
 else:
     r_int64 = int
 
+# needed for ll_os_stat.time_t_to_FILE_TIME in the 64 bit case
+if r_long is not r_int:
+    r_uint32 = r_ulong
+else:
+    r_uint32 = r_uint
+
+# needed for ll_time.time_sleep_llimpl
+maxint32 = int((1 << 31) -1)
 
 # the 'float' C type
 
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/rbigint.py b/pypy/rlib/rbigint.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/rbigint.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/rbigint.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import LONG_BIT, intmask, r_uint, r_ulonglong
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import ovfcheck, r_longlong, widen
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import ovfcheck, r_longlong, widen, is_valid_int
 from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import most_neg_value_of_same_type
 from pypy.rlib.rfloat import isfinite
 from pypy.rlib.debug import make_sure_not_resized, check_regular_int
@@ -44,21 +44,19 @@
 
 
 def _mask_digit(x):
-    if not we_are_translated():
-        assert type(x) is not long, "overflow occurred!"
     return intmask(x & MASK)
 _mask_digit._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:argtype(0)'
 
 def _widen_digit(x):
     if not we_are_translated():
-        assert type(x) is int, "widen_digit() takes an int, got a %r" % type(x)
+        assert type(x) in (int, long) and is_valid_int(x), "widen_digit() takes an int, got a %r" % type(x)
     if SHIFT <= 15:
         return int(x)
     return r_longlong(x)
 
 def _store_digit(x):
     if not we_are_translated():
-        assert type(x) is int, "store_digit() takes an int, got a %r" % type(x)
+        assert type(x) in (int, long) and is_valid_int(x), "store_digit() takes an int, got a %r" % type(x)
     if SHIFT <= 15:
         return rffi.cast(rffi.SHORT, x)
     elif SHIFT <= 31:
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/rdtoa.py b/pypy/rlib/rdtoa.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/rdtoa.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/rdtoa.py
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@
         try:
             result = dg_strtod(ll_input, end_ptr)
 
-            endpos = (rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, end_ptr[0]) -
-                      rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, ll_input))
+            endpos = (rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, end_ptr[0]) -
+                      rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, ll_input))
 
             if endpos == 0 or endpos < len(input):
                 raise ValueError("invalid input at position %d" % (endpos,))
@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@
                     # The only failure mode is no memory
                     raise MemoryError
                 try:
-                    buflen = (rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, end_ptr[0]) -
-                              rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, digits))
+                    buflen = (rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, end_ptr[0]) -
+                              rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, digits))
                     sign = rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, sign_ptr[0])
 
                     # Handle nan and inf
diff --git a/pypy/rlib/rerased.py b/pypy/rlib/rerased.py
--- a/pypy/rlib/rerased.py
+++ b/pypy/rlib/rerased.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 
 def erase_int(x):
-    assert isinstance(x, int)
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long))
     res = 2 * x + 1
     if res > sys.maxint or res < -sys.maxint - 1:
         raise OverflowError
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 def unerase_int(y):
     assert y._identity is _identity_for_ints
-    assert isinstance(y._x, int)
+    assert isinstance(y._x, (int, long))
     return y._x
 
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/llinterp.py b/pypy/rpython/llinterp.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/llinterp.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/llinterp.py
@@ -1018,22 +1018,25 @@
     # Overflow-detecting variants
 
     def op_int_neg_ovf(self, x):
-        assert type(x) is int
+        # assert type(x) is int
+        assert isinstance(x, (int, long))
         try:
             return ovfcheck(-x)
         except OverflowError:
             self.make_llexception()
 
     def op_int_abs_ovf(self, x):
-        assert type(x) is int
+        # assert type(x) is int
+        assert isinstance(x, (int, long))
         try:
             return ovfcheck(abs(x))
         except OverflowError:
             self.make_llexception()
 
     def op_int_lshift_ovf(self, x, y):
-        assert isinstance(x, int)
-        assert isinstance(y, int)
+        # win64: int or long because target size differs
+        assert isinstance(x, (int, long))
+        assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
         try:
             return ovfcheck(x << y)
         except OverflowError:
@@ -1074,15 +1077,15 @@
                 self.make_llexception()
         """ % locals()).compile() in globals(), d
 
-    _makefunc2('op_int_add_ovf', '+', '(int, llmemory.AddressOffset)')
-    _makefunc2('op_int_mul_ovf', '*', '(int, llmemory.AddressOffset)', 'int')
-    _makefunc2('op_int_sub_ovf',          '-',  'int')
-    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_ovf',     '//', 'int')  # XXX negative args
-    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_zer',     '//', 'int')  # can get off-by-one
-    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_ovf_zer', '//', 'int')  # (see op_int_floordiv)
-    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_ovf',          '%',  'int')
-    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_zer',          '%',  'int')
-    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_ovf_zer',      '%',  'int')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_add_ovf', '+', '(int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset)')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_mul_ovf', '*', '(int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset)', '(int, long)')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_sub_ovf',          '-',  '(int, long)')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_ovf',     '//', '(int, long)')  # XXX negative args
+    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_zer',     '//', '(int, long)')  # can get off-by-one
+    _makefunc2('op_int_floordiv_ovf_zer', '//', '(int, long)')  # (see op_int_floordiv)
+    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_ovf',          '%',  '(int, long)')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_zer',          '%',  '(int, long)')
+    _makefunc2('op_int_mod_ovf_zer',      '%',  '(int, long)')
 
     _makefunc2('op_uint_floordiv_zer',    '//', 'r_uint')
     _makefunc2('op_uint_mod_zer',         '%',  'r_uint')
@@ -1104,7 +1107,7 @@
             x = x.default
         # if type(x) is a subclass of Symbolic, bool(x) will usually raise
         # a TypeError -- unless __nonzero__ has been explicitly overridden.
-        assert isinstance(x, (int, Symbolic))
+        assert isinstance(x, (int, long, Symbolic))
         return bool(x)
 
     # hack for jit.codegen.llgraph
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/ll2ctypes.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/ll2ctypes.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/ll2ctypes.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/ll2ctypes.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
     load_library_kwargs = {}
 
 import os
+from pypy import conftest
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, llmemory
 from pypy.rpython.extfunc import ExtRegistryEntry
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import Symbolic, ComputedIntSymbolic
@@ -176,6 +177,17 @@
     assert max_n >= 0
     ITEM = A.OF
     ctypes_item = get_ctypes_type(ITEM, delayed_builders)
+    # Python 2.5 ctypes can raise OverflowError on 64-bit builds
+    for n in [sys.maxint, 2**31]:
+        MAX_SIZE = n/64
+        try:
+            PtrType = ctypes.POINTER(MAX_SIZE * ctypes_item)
+        except (OverflowError, AttributeError), e:
+            pass      #        ^^^ bah, blame ctypes
+        else:
+            break
+    else:
+        raise e
 
     class CArray(ctypes.Structure):
         if not A._hints.get('nolength'):
@@ -207,6 +219,9 @@
                     cls._ptrtype = ctypes.POINTER(cls.MAX_SIZE * ctypes_item)
                 except OverflowError, e:
                     pass
+                except AttributeError, e:
+                    pass # XXX win64 failure and segfault, afterwards:
+                    # AttributeError: class must define a '_length_' attribute, which must be a positive integer
                 else:
                     break
             else:
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/llmemory.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/llmemory.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/llmemory.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/llmemory.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
         return "<ItemOffset %r %r>" % (self.TYPE, self.repeat)
 
     def __mul__(self, other):
-        if not isinstance(other, int):
+        if not isinstance(other, (int, long)):
             return NotImplemented
         return ItemOffset(self.TYPE, self.repeat * other)
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/lltype.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/lltype.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/lltype.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/lltype.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import py
 from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import (r_int, r_uint, intmask, r_singlefloat,
                                    r_ulonglong, r_longlong, r_longfloat,
-                                   base_int, normalizedinttype, longlongmask)
+                                   base_int, normalizedinttype, longlongmask,
+                                   r_uint32)
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import Symbolic
 from pypy.tool.uid import Hashable
 from pypy.tool.identity_dict import identity_dict
@@ -1654,7 +1655,7 @@
     __slots__ = ('items',)
 
     def __init__(self, TYPE, n, initialization=None, parent=None, parentindex=None):
-        if not isinstance(n, int):
+        if not isinstance(n, (int, long)):
             raise TypeError, "array length must be an int"
         if n < 0:
             raise ValueError, "negative array length"
@@ -1723,7 +1724,7 @@
 class _subarray(_parentable):     # only for direct_fieldptr()
                                   # and direct_arrayitems()
     _kind = "subarray"
-    _cache = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()  # parentarray -> {subarrays}
+    _cache = {}  # TYPE -> weak{ parentarray -> {subarrays} }
 
     def __init__(self, TYPE, parent, baseoffset_or_fieldname):
         _parentable.__init__(self, TYPE)
@@ -1781,10 +1782,15 @@
 
     def _makeptr(parent, baseoffset_or_fieldname, solid=False):
         try:
-            cache = _subarray._cache.setdefault(parent, {})
+            d = _subarray._cache[parent._TYPE]
+        except KeyError:
+            d = _subarray._cache[parent._TYPE] = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
+        try:
+            cache = d.setdefault(parent, {})
         except RuntimeError:    # pointer comparison with a freed structure
             _subarray._cleanup_cache()
-            cache = _subarray._cache.setdefault(parent, {})    # try again
+            # try again
+            return _subarray._makeptr(parent, baseoffset_or_fieldname, solid)
         try:
             subarray = cache[baseoffset_or_fieldname]
         except KeyError:
@@ -1805,14 +1811,18 @@
         raise NotImplementedError('_subarray._getid()')
 
     def _cleanup_cache():
-        newcache = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
-        for key, value in _subarray._cache.items():
-            try:
-                if not key._was_freed():
-                    newcache[key] = value
-            except RuntimeError:
-                pass    # ignore "accessing subxxx, but already gc-ed parent"
-        _subarray._cache = newcache
+        for T, d in _subarray._cache.items():
+            newcache = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
+            for key, value in d.items():
+                try:
+                    if not key._was_freed():
+                        newcache[key] = value
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    pass    # ignore "accessing subxxx, but already gc-ed parent"
+            if newcache:
+                _subarray._cache[T] = newcache
+            else:
+                del _subarray._cache[T]
     _cleanup_cache = staticmethod(_cleanup_cache)
 
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/opimpl.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/opimpl.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/opimpl.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/opimpl.py
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem.llmemory import AddressAsInt
 
 if r_longlong is r_int:
-    r_longlong_arg = (r_longlong, int)
-    r_longlong_result = int
+    r_longlong_arg = (r_longlong, int, long)
+    r_longlong_result = long # XXX was int
 else:
     r_longlong_arg = r_longlong
     r_longlong_result = r_longlong
 
 argtype_by_name = {
-    'int': int,
+    'int': (int, long),
     'float': float,
     'uint': r_uint,
     'llong': r_longlong_arg,
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
 
 def op_direct_ptradd(obj, index):
     checkptr(obj)
-    assert isinstance(index, int)
+    assert isinstance(index, (int, long))
     return lltype.direct_ptradd(obj, index)
 
 
@@ -182,29 +182,30 @@
     return not b
 
 def op_int_add(x, y):
-    if not isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset)):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset)):
         from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llgroup
         assert isinstance(x, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic)
-    assert isinstance(y, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
     return intmask(x + y)
 
 def op_int_sub(x, y):
-    if not isinstance(x, int):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, long)):
         from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llgroup
         assert isinstance(x, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return intmask(x - y)
 
 def op_int_ge(x, y):
     # special case for 'AddressOffset >= 0'
-    assert isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x >= y
 
 def op_int_lt(x, y):
     # special case for 'AddressOffset < 0'
-    assert isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    # hack for win64
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x < y
 
 def op_int_between(a, b, c):
@@ -214,50 +215,51 @@
     return a <= b < c
 
 def op_int_and(x, y):
-    if not isinstance(x, int):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, long)):
         from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llgroup
         assert isinstance(x, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x & y
 
 def op_int_or(x, y):
-    if not isinstance(x, int):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, long)):
         from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llgroup
         assert isinstance(x, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x | y
 
 def op_int_xor(x, y):
     # used in computing hashes
     if isinstance(x, AddressAsInt): x = llmemory.cast_adr_to_int(x.adr)
     if isinstance(y, AddressAsInt): y = llmemory.cast_adr_to_int(y.adr)
-    assert isinstance(x, int)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x ^ y
 
 def op_int_mul(x, y):
-    assert isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
-    assert isinstance(y, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
     return intmask(x * y)
 
 def op_int_rshift(x, y):
-    if not isinstance(x, int):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, long)):
         from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llgroup
         assert isinstance(x, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return x >> y
 
 def op_int_floordiv(x, y):
-    assert isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
-    assert isinstance(y, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    # hack for win64
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
     r = x//y
     if x^y < 0 and x%y != 0:
         r += 1
     return r
 
 def op_int_mod(x, y):
-    assert isinstance(x, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
-    assert isinstance(y, (int, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(x, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long, llmemory.AddressOffset))
     r = x%y
     if x^y < 0 and x%y != 0:
         r -= y
@@ -281,22 +283,22 @@
 
 def op_uint_lshift(x, y):
     assert isinstance(x, r_uint)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return r_uint(x << y)
 
 def op_uint_rshift(x, y):
     assert isinstance(x, r_uint)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return r_uint(x >> y)
 
 def op_llong_lshift(x, y):
     assert isinstance(x, r_longlong_arg)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return r_longlong_result(x << y)
 
 def op_llong_rshift(x, y):
     assert isinstance(x, r_longlong_arg)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return r_longlong_result(x >> y)
 
 def op_ullong_lshift(x, y):
@@ -306,7 +308,7 @@
 
 def op_ullong_rshift(x, y):
     assert isinstance(x, r_ulonglong)
-    assert isinstance(y, int)
+    assert isinstance(y, (int, long))
     return r_ulonglong(x >> y)
 
 def op_same_as(x):
@@ -318,7 +320,8 @@
 op_cast_primitive.need_result_type = True
 
 def op_cast_int_to_float(i):
-    assert type(i) is int
+    # assert type(i) is int
+    assert isinstance(i, (int, long))
     return float(i)
 
 def op_cast_uint_to_float(u):
@@ -340,7 +343,8 @@
     return ui + li
 
 def op_cast_int_to_char(b):
-    assert type(b) is int
+    #assert type(b) is int
+    assert isinstance(b, (int, long))
     return chr(b)
 
 def op_cast_bool_to_int(b):
@@ -384,11 +388,12 @@
     return ord(b)
 
 def op_cast_int_to_unichar(b):
-    assert type(b) is int
+    assert isinstance(b, (int, long))
     return unichr(b)
 
 def op_cast_int_to_uint(b):
-    assert type(b) is int
+    # assert type(b) is int
+    assert isinstance(b, (int, long))
     return r_uint(b)
 
 def op_cast_uint_to_int(b):
@@ -396,7 +401,7 @@
     return intmask(b)
 
 def op_cast_int_to_longlong(b):
-    assert type(b) is int
+    assert isinstance(b, (int, long))
     return r_longlong_result(b)
 
 def op_truncate_longlong_to_int(b):
@@ -567,7 +572,7 @@
     if isinstance(memberoffset, llgroup.GroupMemberOffset):
         return memberoffset.index != 0
     else:
-        assert isinstance(memberoffset, int)
+        assert isinstance(memberoffset, (int, long))
         return memberoffset != 0
 
 def op_extract_ushort(combinedoffset):
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rbuilder.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rbuilder.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rbuilder.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rbuilder.py
@@ -123,9 +123,10 @@
     def ll_build(ll_builder):
         final_size = ll_builder.used
         assert final_size >= 0
-        if final_size == ll_builder.allocated:
-            return ll_builder.buf
-        return rgc.ll_shrink_array(ll_builder.buf, final_size)
+        if final_size < ll_builder.allocated:
+            ll_builder.allocated = final_size
+            ll_builder.buf = rgc.ll_shrink_array(ll_builder.buf, final_size)
+        return ll_builder.buf
 
     @classmethod
     def ll_is_true(cls, ll_builder):
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rffi.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rffi.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rffi.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/rffi.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import we_are_translated
 from pypy.rlib.rstring import StringBuilder, UnicodeBuilder
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import llmemory
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import LONG_BIT
 import os, sys
 
 class CConstant(Symbolic):
@@ -646,6 +647,9 @@
 # float *
 FLOATP = lltype.Ptr(lltype.Array(FLOAT, hints={'nolength': True}))
 
+# Signed *
+SIGNEDP = lltype.Ptr(lltype.Array(lltype.Signed, hints={'nolength': True}))
+
 # various type mapping
 
 # conversions between str and char*
@@ -864,7 +868,7 @@
     except AttributeError:
         if not isinstance(tp, lltype.Primitive):
             unsigned = False
-        elif tp in (lltype.Signed, FLOAT, DOUBLE):
+        elif tp in (lltype.Signed, FLOAT, DOUBLE, llmemory.Address):
             unsigned = False
         elif tp in (lltype.Char, lltype.UniChar, lltype.Bool):
             unsigned = True
@@ -887,7 +891,7 @@
             size = llmemory.sizeof(tp)    # a symbolic result in this case
         return size
     if isinstance(tp, lltype.Ptr) or tp is llmemory.Address:
-        tp = ULONG     # XXX!
+        tp = lltype.Signed
     if tp is lltype.Char or tp is lltype.Bool:
         return 1
     if tp is lltype.UniChar:
@@ -898,7 +902,7 @@
         return 4
     assert isinstance(tp, lltype.Number)
     if tp is lltype.Signed:
-        return ULONG._type.BITS/8
+        return LONG_BIT/8
     return tp._type.BITS/8
 sizeof._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:memo'
 
@@ -918,11 +922,14 @@
 offsetof._annspecialcase_ = 'specialize:memo'
 
 # check that we have a sane configuration
-assert sys.maxint == (1 << (8 * sizeof(lltype.Signed) - 1)) - 1, (
+# XXX re-enable this after correcting the windows case
+"""
+assert maxint == (1 << (8 * sizeof(lltype.Signed) - 1)) - 1, (
     "Mixed configuration of the word size of the machine:\n\t"
     "the underlying Python was compiled with maxint=%d,\n\t"
     "but the C compiler says that 'long' is %d bytes" % (
-    sys.maxint, sizeof(lltype.Signed)))
+    maxint, sizeof(lltype.Signed)))
+"""
 
 # ********************** some helpers *******************
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/test/test_ll2ctypes.py b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/test/test_ll2ctypes.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/test/test_ll2ctypes.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/lltypesystem/test/test_ll2ctypes.py
@@ -16,12 +16,27 @@
 from pypy.rpython.test.test_llinterp import interpret
 from pypy.annotation.annrpython import RPythonAnnotator
 from pypy.rpython.rtyper import RPythonTyper
-
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_uint, get_long_pattern, is_emulated_long
 
 if False:    # for now, please keep it False by default
     from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import ll2ctypes
     ll2ctypes.do_allocation_in_far_regions()
 
+"""
+Win64:
+To decouple the cpython machine level long from the faked integer
+of the target rpython, I replaced most 'lltype.Signed' by 'rffi.LONG'.
+It would be nicer to replace all lltypes constants by rffi equivalents,
+or better if we had a way to address the specific different types of
+the current and the target system layout explicitly.
+Let's think of that when we go further and make the target completely
+independent and configurable.
+Why most and not all replaced?
+Tests with direct tests become cumbersome, instead of direct number
+assignment rffi.setintfield(s, 'x', 123) must be used.
+So in cases with number constants, where the size is not relevant,
+I kept lltype.signed .
+"""
 
 class TestLL2Ctypes(object):
 
@@ -33,7 +48,7 @@
         assert lltype2ctypes('?') == ord('?')
         assert lltype2ctypes('\xE0') == 0xE0
         assert lltype2ctypes(unichr(1234)) == 1234
-        assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Signed, 5) == 5
+        assert ctypes2lltype(rffi.LONG, 5) == 5
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Char, ord('a')) == 'a'
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.UniChar, ord(u'x')) == u'x'
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Char, 0xFF) == '\xFF'
@@ -46,15 +61,15 @@
         res = ctypes2lltype(lltype.SingleFloat, ctypes.c_float(-3.5))
         assert isinstance(res, rffi.r_singlefloat)
         assert float(res) == -3.5
-        assert lltype2ctypes(rffi.r_ulong(-1)) == sys.maxint * 2 + 1
+        assert lltype2ctypes(rffi.r_ulong(-1)) == (1 << rffi.r_ulong.BITS) - 1
         res = ctypes2lltype(lltype.Unsigned, sys.maxint * 2 + 1)
-        assert (res, type(res)) == (rffi.r_ulong(-1), rffi.r_ulong)
+        assert (res, type(res)) == (r_uint(-1), r_uint)
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Bool, 0) is False
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Bool, 1) is True
 
-        res = lltype2ctypes(llmemory.sizeof(lltype.Signed))
+        res = lltype2ctypes(llmemory.sizeof(rffi.LONG))
         assert res == struct.calcsize("l")
-        S = lltype.Struct('S', ('x', lltype.Signed), ('y', lltype.Signed))
+        S = lltype.Struct('S', ('x', rffi.LONG), ('y', rffi.LONG))
         res = lltype2ctypes(llmemory.sizeof(S))
         assert res == struct.calcsize("ll")
 
@@ -69,7 +84,7 @@
     def test_simple_struct(self):
         S = lltype.Struct('S', ('x', lltype.Signed), ('y', lltype.Signed))
         s = lltype.malloc(S, flavor='raw')
-        s.x = 123
+        rffi.setintfield(s, 'x', 123)
         sc = lltype2ctypes(s)
         assert isinstance(sc.contents, ctypes.Structure)
         assert sc.contents.x == 123
@@ -144,7 +159,7 @@
 
     def test_array_inside_struct(self):
         # like rstr.STR, but not Gc
-        STR = lltype.Struct('STR', ('x', lltype.Signed), ('y', lltype.Array(lltype.Char)))
+        STR = lltype.Struct('STR', ('x', rffi.LONG), ('y', lltype.Array(lltype.Char)))
         a = lltype.malloc(STR, 3, flavor='raw')
         a.y[0] = 'x'
         a.y[1] = 'y'
@@ -171,7 +186,7 @@
         assert a[2] == 456
         a[3] = 789
         assert ac.contents.items[3] == 789
-        assert ctypes.sizeof(ac.contents) == 10 * ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_long)
+        assert ctypes.sizeof(ac.contents) == 10 * rffi.sizeof(lltype.Signed)
         lltype.free(a, flavor='raw')
         assert not ALLOCATED     # detects memory leaks in the test
 
@@ -223,20 +238,20 @@
 
     def test_func_not_in_clib(self):
         eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(libraries=['m'])
-        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], lltype.Signed)
+        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], rffi.LONG)
         py.test.raises(NotImplementedError, foobar)
 
-        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], lltype.Signed,
+        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], rffi.LONG,
                                  compilation_info=eci)    # math library
         py.test.raises(NotImplementedError, foobar)
 
         eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(libraries=['m', 'z'])
-        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], lltype.Signed,
+        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], rffi.LONG,
                                  compilation_info=eci)  # math and zlib
         py.test.raises(NotImplementedError, foobar)
 
         eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(libraries=['I_really_dont_exist_either'])
-        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], lltype.Signed,
+        foobar = rffi.llexternal('I_really_dont_exist', [], rffi.LONG,
                                  compilation_info=eci)
         py.test.raises(NotImplementedError, foobar)
         assert not ALLOCATED     # detects memory leaks in the test
@@ -399,10 +414,9 @@
 
         b = rffi.cast(lltype.Ptr(B), a)
 
-        checker = array.array('l')
+        expected = ''
         for i in range(10):
-            checker.append(i*i)
-        expected = checker.tostring()
+            expected += get_long_pattern(i*i)
 
         for i in range(len(expected)):
             assert b[i] == expected[i]
@@ -418,7 +432,7 @@
             assert e[i] == i*i
 
         c = lltype.nullptr(rffi.VOIDP.TO)
-        addr = rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, c)
+        addr = rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, c)
         assert addr == 0
 
         lltype.free(a, flavor='raw')
@@ -444,8 +458,13 @@
 
         FUNCTYPE = lltype.FuncType([lltype.Signed], lltype.Signed)
         cdummy = lltype2ctypes(llhelper(lltype.Ptr(FUNCTYPE), dummy))
-        assert isinstance(cdummy,
-                          ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_long, ctypes.c_long))
+        if not is_emulated_long:
+            assert isinstance(cdummy,
+                              ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_long, ctypes.c_long))
+        else:
+            # XXX maybe we skip this if it breaks on some platforms
+            assert isinstance(cdummy,
+                              ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_longlong, ctypes.c_longlong))
         res = cdummy(41)
         assert res == 42
         lldummy = ctypes2lltype(lltype.Ptr(FUNCTYPE), cdummy)
@@ -455,7 +474,7 @@
         assert not ALLOCATED     # detects memory leaks in the test
 
     def test_funcptr2(self):
-        FUNCTYPE = lltype.FuncType([rffi.CCHARP], lltype.Signed)
+        FUNCTYPE = lltype.FuncType([rffi.CCHARP], rffi.LONG)
         cstrlen = standard_c_lib.strlen
         llstrlen = ctypes2lltype(lltype.Ptr(FUNCTYPE), cstrlen)
         assert lltype.typeOf(llstrlen) == lltype.Ptr(FUNCTYPE)
@@ -545,8 +564,9 @@
 
         checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.CHAR), 'B')
         checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.SHORT), 'h')
-        checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.INT), 'i')
-        checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.UINT), 'I')
+        if not is_emulated_long:
+            checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.INT), 'i')
+            checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.UINT), 'I')
         checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.LONGLONG), 'q')
         checkval(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.DOUBLE), 'd')
         checkobj(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.INTP),
@@ -554,7 +574,7 @@
         checkobj(uninitialized2ctypes(rffi.CCHARP),
                  ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_void_p))
 
-        S = lltype.Struct('S', ('x', lltype.Signed), ('y', lltype.Signed))
+        S = lltype.Struct('S', ('x', rffi.LONG), ('y', rffi.LONG))
         s = lltype.malloc(S, flavor='raw')
         sc = lltype2ctypes(s)
         checkval(sc.contents.x, 'l')
@@ -717,9 +737,13 @@
         assert not ALLOCATED     # detects memory leaks in the test
 
     def test_get_errno(self):
+        # win64: works with python 2.6.7, but not with 2.7.2
+        # XXX check what is different with ctypes!
         eci = ExternalCompilationInfo(includes=['string.h'])
         if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
             underscore_on_windows = '_'
+            if sys.version.startswith('2.7.2 '):
+                py.test.skip('ctypes is buggy. errno crashes with win64 and python 2.7.2')
         else:
             underscore_on_windows = ''
         strlen = rffi.llexternal('strlen', [rffi.CCHARP], rffi.SIZE_T,
@@ -730,7 +754,7 @@
         buffer = lltype.malloc(rffi.CCHARP.TO, 5, flavor='raw')
         written = os_write(12312312, buffer, 5)
         lltype.free(buffer, flavor='raw')
-        assert rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, written) < 0
+        assert rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, written) < 0
         # the next line is a random external function call,
         # to check that it doesn't reset errno
         strlen("hi!")
@@ -849,9 +873,9 @@
             return one + get_x()
 
         def fy():
-            one = rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, get_y())
+            one = rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, get_y())
             set_y(rffi.cast(rffi.INT, 13))
-            return one + rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, get_y())
+            return one + rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, get_y())
 
         def g():
             l = rffi.liststr2charpp(["a", "b", "c"])
@@ -916,7 +940,7 @@
         lltype.free(a, flavor='raw')
 
     def test_array_type_bug(self):
-        A = lltype.Array(lltype.Signed)
+        A = lltype.Array(rffi.LONG)
         a1 = lltype.malloc(A, 0, flavor='raw')
         a2 = lltype.malloc(A, 0, flavor='raw')
         c1 = lltype2ctypes(a1)
@@ -1006,7 +1030,7 @@
 
     def test_recursive_struct_more(self):
         NODE = lltype.ForwardReference()
-        NODE.become(lltype.Struct('NODE', ('value', lltype.Signed),
+        NODE.become(lltype.Struct('NODE', ('value', rffi.LONG),
                                           ('next', lltype.Ptr(NODE))))
         CNODEPTR = get_ctypes_type(NODE)
         pc = CNODEPTR()
@@ -1034,11 +1058,11 @@
         assert p.pong.ping == p
 
     def test_typedef(self):
-        assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Typedef(lltype.Signed, 'test'), 6) == 6
+        assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Typedef(rffi.LONG, 'test'), 6) == 6
         assert ctypes2lltype(lltype.Typedef(lltype.Float, 'test2'), 3.4) == 3.4
 
-        assert get_ctypes_type(lltype.Signed) == get_ctypes_type(
-            lltype.Typedef(lltype.Signed, 'test3'))
+        assert get_ctypes_type(rffi.LONG) == get_ctypes_type(
+            lltype.Typedef(rffi.LONG, 'test3'))
 
     def test_cast_adr_to_int(self):
         class someaddr(object):
@@ -1046,7 +1070,7 @@
                 return sys.maxint/2 * 3
 
         res = cast_adr_to_int(someaddr())
-        assert isinstance(res, int)
+        assert isinstance(res, (int, long))
         assert res == -sys.maxint/2 - 3
 
     def test_cast_gcref_back_and_forth(self):
@@ -1299,7 +1323,7 @@
         p = lltype.malloc(S, flavor='raw')
         a = llmemory.cast_ptr_to_adr(p)
         i = llmemory.cast_adr_to_int(a, "forced")
-        assert type(i) is int
+        assert isinstance(i, (int, long))
         assert i == llmemory.cast_adr_to_int(a, "forced")
         lltype.free(p, flavor='raw')
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/memory/gc/inspector.py b/pypy/rpython/memory/gc/inspector.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/memory/gc/inspector.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/memory/gc/inspector.py
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
         self.gc = gc
         self.gcflag = gc.gcflag_extra
         self.fd = rffi.cast(rffi.INT, fd)
-        self.writebuffer = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, self.BUFSIZE,
+        self.writebuffer = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, self.BUFSIZE,
                                          flavor='raw')
         self.buf_count = 0
         if self.gcflag == 0:
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/memory/gctransform/asmgcroot.py b/pypy/rpython/memory/gctransform/asmgcroot.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/memory/gctransform/asmgcroot.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/memory/gctransform/asmgcroot.py
@@ -533,10 +533,11 @@
         # The initial gcmap table contains addresses to a JMP
         # instruction that jumps indirectly to the real code.
         # Replace them with the target addresses.
+        assert rffi.SIGNEDP is rffi.LONGP, "win64 support missing"
         while start < end:
             code = rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, start.address[0])[0]
             if code == '\xe9': # jmp
-                rel32 = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, start.address[0]+1)[0]
+                rel32 = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, start.address[0]+1)[0]
                 target = start.address[0] + (rel32 + 5)
                 start.address[0] = target
             start += arrayitemsize
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/memory/lltypelayout.py b/pypy/rpython/memory/lltypelayout.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/memory/lltypelayout.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/memory/lltypelayout.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, llmemory, llarena
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import is_emulated_long
 
 import struct
 
@@ -12,7 +13,11 @@
                     lltype.Float:           "d",
                     llmemory.Address:       "P",
                     }
-
+if is_emulated_long:
+    primitive_to_fmt.update( {
+        lltype.Signed:     "q",
+        lltype.Unsigned:   "Q",
+        } )
 
 #___________________________________________________________________________
 # Utility functions that know about the memory layout of the lltypes
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/memory/test/test_transformed_gc.py b/pypy/rpython/memory/test/test_transformed_gc.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/memory/test/test_transformed_gc.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/memory/test/test_transformed_gc.py
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@
         def f():
             from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import rffi
             alist = [A() for i in range(50)]
-            idarray = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, len(alist), flavor='raw')
+            idarray = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, len(alist), flavor='raw')
             # Compute the id of all the elements of the list.  The goal is
             # to not allocate memory, so that if the GC needs memory to
             # remember the ids, it will trigger some collections itself
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os.py b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os.py
@@ -428,9 +428,13 @@
         UTIMBUFP = lltype.Ptr(self.UTIMBUF)
         os_utime = self.llexternal('utime', [rffi.CCHARP, UTIMBUFP], rffi.INT)
 
+        if not _WIN32:
+            includes = ['sys/time.h']
+        else:
+            includes = ['time.h']
         class CConfig:
             _compilation_info_ = ExternalCompilationInfo(
-                includes=['sys/time.h']
+                includes=includes
             )
             HAVE_UTIMES = platform.Has('utimes')
         config = platform.configure(CConfig)
@@ -440,9 +444,14 @@
 
         if config['HAVE_UTIMES']:
             class CConfig:
-                _compilation_info_ = ExternalCompilationInfo(
-                    includes = ['sys/time.h']
-                )
+                if not _WIN32:
+                    _compilation_info_ = ExternalCompilationInfo(
+                        includes = ['sys/time.h']
+                    )
+                else:
+                    _compilation_info_ = ExternalCompilationInfo(
+                        includes = ['time.h']
+                    )
                 TIMEVAL = platform.Struct('struct timeval', [('tv_sec', rffi.LONG),
                                                              ('tv_usec', rffi.LONG)])
             config = platform.configure(CConfig)
@@ -547,10 +556,10 @@
                 # The fields of a FILETIME structure are the hi and lo parts
                 # of a 64-bit value expressed in 100 nanosecond units
                 # (of course).
-                result = (pkernel.c_dwHighDateTime*429.4967296 +
-                          pkernel.c_dwLowDateTime*1E-7,
-                          puser.c_dwHighDateTime*429.4967296 +
-                          puser.c_dwLowDateTime*1E-7,
+                result = (rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, pkernel.c_dwHighDateTime) * 429.4967296 +
+                          rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, pkernel.c_dwLowDateTime) * 1E-7,
+                          rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, puser.c_dwHighDateTime) * 429.4967296 +
+                          rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, puser.c_dwLowDateTime) * 1E-7,
                           0, 0, 0)
                 lltype.free(puser,   flavor='raw')
                 lltype.free(pkernel, flavor='raw')
@@ -808,7 +817,7 @@
                                   [traits.CCHARP, rffi.INT, rffi.MODE_T],
                                   rffi.INT)
         def os_open_llimpl(path, flags, mode):
-            result = rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, os_open(path, flags, mode))
+            result = rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, os_open(path, flags, mode))
             if result == -1:
                 raise OSError(rposix.get_errno(), "os_open failed")
             return result
@@ -1334,7 +1343,7 @@
         os_isatty = self.llexternal(underscore_on_windows+'isatty', [rffi.INT], rffi.INT)
 
         def isatty_llimpl(fd):
-            res = rffi.cast(rffi.LONG, os_isatty(rffi.cast(rffi.INT, fd)))
+            res = rffi.cast(lltype.Signed, os_isatty(rffi.cast(rffi.INT, fd)))
             return res != 0
 
         return extdef([int], bool, llimpl=isatty_llimpl,
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os_stat.py b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os_stat.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os_stat.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_os_stat.py
@@ -319,6 +319,7 @@
     assert len(STAT_FIELDS) == 10    # no extra fields on Windows
 
     def attributes_to_mode(attributes):
+        attributes = lltype.r_uint(attributes)
         m = 0
         if attributes & win32traits.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY:
             m |= win32traits._S_IFDIR | 0111 # IFEXEC for user,group,other
@@ -456,6 +457,6 @@
 
 def time_t_to_FILE_TIME(time, filetime):
     ft = lltype.r_longlong((time + secs_between_epochs) * 10000000)
-    filetime.c_dwHighDateTime = lltype.r_uint(ft >> 32)
-    filetime.c_dwLowDateTime = lltype.r_uint(ft & lltype.r_uint(-1))
+    filetime.c_dwHighDateTime = lltype.r_uint32(ft >> 32)
+    filetime.c_dwLowDateTime = lltype.r_uint32(ft & lltype.r_uint(-1))
 
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_time.py b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_time.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/ll_time.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/ll_time.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype
 from pypy.rpython.extfunc import BaseLazyRegistering, registering, extdef
 from pypy.rlib import rposix
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, maxint32
 from pypy.translator.tool.cbuild import ExternalCompilationInfo
 
 if sys.platform == 'win32':
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
     @registering(time.sleep)
     def register_time_sleep(self):
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
-            MAX = sys.maxint
+            MAX = maxint32
             Sleep = self.llexternal('Sleep', [rffi.ULONG], lltype.Void)
             def time_sleep_llimpl(secs):
                 millisecs = secs * 1000.0
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os.py b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os.py
@@ -80,8 +80,12 @@
         pwd = os.getcwd()
         import ctypes
         buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(1000)
-        ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableA('=%c:' % pwd[0], buf, 1000)
-        assert str(buf.value) == pwd
+        len = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableA('=%c:' % pwd[0], buf, 1000)
+        if (len == 0) and "WINGDB_PYTHON" in os.environ:
+            # the ctypes call seems not to work in the Wing debugger
+            return
+        assert str(buf.value).lower() == pwd
+        # ctypes returns the drive letter in uppercase, os.getcwd does not
 
     pwd = os.getcwd()
     try:
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os_stat.py b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os_stat.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os_stat.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_ll_os_stat.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
             assert wstat(unicode(f)).st_mtime == expected
 
         check('c:/')
-        check('c:/temp')
+        check(os.environ['TEMP'])
         check('c:/pagefile.sys')
 
     def test_fstat(self):
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_posix.py b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_posix.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_posix.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/module/test/test_posix.py
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@
 
     def test_open(self):
         def f():
-            ff = posix.open(path,posix.O_RDONLY,0777)
+            ff = posix.open(path, posix.O_RDONLY, 0777)
             return ff
-        func = self.interpret(f,[])
-        assert type(func) == int
+        func = self.interpret(f, [])
+        assert isinstance(func, (int, long))
 
     def test_fstat(self):
         def fo(fi):
@@ -65,21 +65,21 @@
 
 
     def test_lseek(self):
-        def f(fi,pos):
-            posix.lseek(fi,pos,0)
-        fi = os.open(path,os.O_RDONLY,0777)
-        func = self.interpret(f,[fi,5]) 
-        res = os.read(fi,2)
+        def f(fi, pos):
+            posix.lseek(fi, pos, 0)
+        fi = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY, 0777)
+        func = self.interpret(f, [fi, 5]) 
+        res = os.read(fi, 2)
         assert res =='is'
 
     def test_isatty(self):
         def f(fi):
             posix.isatty(fi)
-        fi = os.open(path,os.O_RDONLY,0777)
-        func = self.interpret(f,[fi])
+        fi = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY, 0777)
+        func = self.interpret(f, [fi])
         assert not func
         os.close(fi)
-        func = self.interpret(f,[fi])
+        func = self.interpret(f, [fi])
         assert not func
 
     def test_getcwd(self):
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/rint.py b/pypy/rpython/rint.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/rint.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/rint.py
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
      SignedLongLong, build_number, Number, cast_primitive, typeOf
 from pypy.rpython.rmodel import IntegerRepr, inputconst
 from pypy.rpython.robject import PyObjRepr, pyobj_repr
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, r_int, r_uint, r_ulonglong, r_longlong
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, r_int, r_uint, r_ulonglong, \
+     r_longlong, is_emulated_long
 from pypy.rpython.error import TyperError, MissingRTypeOperation
 from pypy.rpython.rmodel import log
 from pypy.rlib import objectmodel
@@ -440,6 +441,11 @@
     Unsigned: ('RPyLong_AsUnsignedLong', lambda pyo: r_uint(pyo._obj.value)),
     Signed: ('PyInt_AsLong', lambda pyo: int(pyo._obj.value))
 }
+if is_emulated_long: # win64
+    py_to_ll_conversion_functions.update( {
+        Unsigned: ('RPyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong', lambda pyo: r_ulonglong(pyo._obj.value)),
+        Signed: ('RPyLong_AsLongLong', lambda pyo: r_longlong(pyo._obj.value)),
+    } )    
 
 ll_to_py_conversion_functions = {
     UnsignedLongLong: ('PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong', lambda i: pyobjectptr(i)),
@@ -447,6 +453,11 @@
     Unsigned: ('PyLong_FromUnsignedLong', lambda i: pyobjectptr(i)),
     Signed: ('PyInt_FromLong', lambda i: pyobjectptr(i)),
 }
+if is_emulated_long: # win64
+    ll_to_py_conversion_functions.update( {
+        Unsigned: ('PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong', lambda i: pyobjectptr(i)),
+        Signed: ('PyLong_FromLongLong', lambda i: pyobjectptr(i)),
+    } )
     
 
 class __extend__(pairtype(PyObjRepr, IntegerRepr)):
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/rmodel.py b/pypy/rpython/rmodel.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/rmodel.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/rmodel.py
@@ -339,11 +339,11 @@
 
     def _get_opprefix(self):
         if self._opprefix is None:
-            raise TyperError("arithmetic not supported on %r" %
+            raise TyperError("arithmetic not supported on %r, it's size is too small" %
                              self.lowleveltype)
         return self._opprefix
 
-    opprefix =property(_get_opprefix)
+    opprefix = property(_get_opprefix)
     
 class BoolRepr(IntegerRepr):
     lowleveltype = Bool
diff --git a/pypy/rpython/test/test_rbuilder.py b/pypy/rpython/test/test_rbuilder.py
--- a/pypy/rpython/test/test_rbuilder.py
+++ b/pypy/rpython/test/test_rbuilder.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from __future__ import with_statement
 import py
 
 from pypy.rlib.rstring import StringBuilder, UnicodeBuilder
diff --git a/pypy/test_all.py b/pypy/test_all.py
--- a/pypy/test_all.py
+++ b/pypy/test_all.py
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 For more information, use test_all.py -h.
 """
 import sys, os
+# XXX hack for win64:
+# this needs to be done without hacking maxint
+if hasattr(sys, "maxsize"):
+    sys.maxint = max(sys.maxint, sys.maxsize)
 
 if len(sys.argv) == 1 and os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0]) in '.':
     print >> sys.stderr, __doc__
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/primitive.py b/pypy/translator/c/primitive.py
--- a/pypy/translator/c/primitive.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/primitive.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import sys
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import Symbolic, ComputedIntSymbolic
 from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import CDefinedIntSymbolic
-from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_longlong
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import r_longlong, is_emulated_long
 from pypy.rlib.rfloat import isinf, isnan
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem.lltype import *
 from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import rffi, llgroup
@@ -16,6 +16,15 @@
 #
 # Primitives
 
+# win64: we need different constants, since we emulate 64 bit long.
+# this function simply replaces 'L' by 'LL' in a format string
+if is_emulated_long:
+    def lll(fmt):
+        return fmt.replace('L', 'LL')
+else:
+    def lll(fmt):
+        return fmt
+    
 def name_signed(value, db):
     if isinstance(value, Symbolic):
         if isinstance(value, FieldOffset):
@@ -61,22 +70,22 @@
         elif isinstance(value, llgroup.CombinedSymbolic):
             name = name_small_integer(value.lowpart, db)
             assert (value.rest & value.MASK) == 0
-            return '(%s+%dL)' % (name, value.rest)
+            return lll('(%s+%dL)') % (name, value.rest)
         elif isinstance(value, AddressAsInt):
-            return '((long)%s)' % name_address(value.adr, db)
+            return '((Signed)%s)' % name_address(value.adr, db)
         else:
             raise Exception("unimplemented symbolic %r"%value)
     if value is None:
         assert not db.completed
         return None
     if value == -sys.maxint-1:   # blame C
-        return '(-%dL-1L)' % sys.maxint
+        return lll('(-%dL-1L)') % sys.maxint
     else:
-        return '%dL' % value
+        return lll('%dL') % value
 
 def name_unsigned(value, db):
     assert value >= 0
-    return '%dUL' % value
+    return lll('%dUL') % value
 
 def name_unsignedlonglong(value, db):
     assert value >= 0
@@ -172,6 +181,7 @@
 
 # On 64 bit machines, SignedLongLong and Signed are the same, so the
 # order matters, because we want the Signed implementation.
+# (some entries collapse during dict creation)
 PrimitiveName = {
     SignedLongLong:   name_signedlonglong,
     Signed:   name_signed,
@@ -190,9 +200,9 @@
 
 PrimitiveType = {
     SignedLongLong:   'long long @',
-    Signed:   'long @',
+    Signed:   'Signed @',
     UnsignedLongLong: 'unsigned long long @',
-    Unsigned: 'unsigned long @',
+    Unsigned: 'Unsigned @',
     Float:    'double @',
     SingleFloat: 'float @',
     LongFloat: 'long double @',
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/address.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/address.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/address.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/address.h
@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@
 #define OP_ADR_LT(x,y,r)	  r = ((x) <  (y))
 #define OP_ADR_GE(x,y,r)	  r = ((x) >= (y))
 
-#define OP_CAST_ADR_TO_INT(x, mode, r)   r = ((long)x)
+#define OP_CAST_ADR_TO_INT(x, mode, r)   r = ((Signed)x)
 #define OP_CAST_INT_TO_ADR(x, r)         r = ((void *)(x))
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/asm_gcc_x86_64.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/asm_gcc_x86_64.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/asm_gcc_x86_64.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/asm_gcc_x86_64.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  */
 
 #define READ_TIMESTAMP(val) do {                        \
-    unsigned long _rax, _rdx;                           \
+    Unsigned _rax, _rdx;                           \
     asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a"(_rax), "=d"(_rdx)); \
     val = (_rdx << 32) | _rax;                          \
 } while (0)
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/float.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/float.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/float.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/float.h
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 
 /*** conversions ***/
 
-#define OP_CAST_FLOAT_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (long)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_FLOAT_TO_UINT(x,r)   r = (unsigned long)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_FLOAT_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (Signed)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_FLOAT_TO_UINT(x,r)   r = (Unsigned)(x)
 #define OP_CAST_INT_TO_FLOAT(x,r)    r = (double)(x)
 #define OP_CAST_UINT_TO_FLOAT(x,r)   r = (double)(x)
 #define OP_CAST_LONGLONG_TO_FLOAT(x,r) r = (double)(x)
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/g_prerequisite.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/g_prerequisite.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/g_prerequisite.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/g_prerequisite.h
@@ -2,13 +2,21 @@
 /**************************************************************/
 /***  this is included before any code produced by genc.py  ***/
 
-
 #ifdef PYPY_STANDALONE
 #  include "src/commondefs.h"
 #else
 #  include "Python.h"
 #endif
 
+#ifdef _WIN64
+#  define Signed __int64
+#  define SIGNED_MIN LLONG_MIN 
+#else
+#  define Signed long
+#  define SIGNED_MIN LONG_MIN
+#endif
+#define Unsigned unsigned Signed
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #  include <io.h>   /* needed, otherwise _lseeki64 truncates to 32-bits (??) */
 #endif
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/int.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/int.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/int.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/int.h
@@ -5,18 +5,31 @@
 
 /*** unary operations ***/
 
+/************ win64 support:
+
+   'Signed' must be defined as
+
+       __int64          in case of win64
+       long             in all other cases
+
+   'SIGNED_MIN' must be defined as
+
+       LLONG_MIN        in case of win64
+       LONG_MIN         in all other cases
+ */
+
 #define OP_INT_IS_TRUE(x,r)   r = ((x) != 0)
 #define OP_INT_INVERT(x,r)    r = ~(x)
 #define OP_INT_NEG(x,r)       r = -(x)
 
 #define OP_INT_NEG_OVF(x,r) \
-	if ((x) == LONG_MIN) FAIL_OVF("integer negate"); \
+	if ((x) == SIGNED_MIN) FAIL_OVF("integer negate"); \
 	OP_INT_NEG(x,r)
 
 #define OP_INT_ABS(x,r)    r = (x) >= 0 ? x : -(x)
 
 #define OP_INT_ABS_OVF(x,r) \
-	if ((x) == LONG_MIN) FAIL_OVF("integer absolute"); \
+	if ((x) == SIGNED_MIN) FAIL_OVF("integer absolute"); \
 	OP_INT_ABS(x,r)
 
 /***  binary operations ***/
@@ -33,8 +46,8 @@
    for the case of a == 0 (both subtractions are then constant-folded).
    Note that the following line only works if a <= c in the first place,
    which we assume is true. */
-#define OP_INT_BETWEEN(a,b,c,r)   r = (((unsigned long)b - (unsigned long)a) \
-                                     < ((unsigned long)c - (unsigned long)a))
+#define OP_INT_BETWEEN(a,b,c,r)   r = (((Unsigned)b - (Unsigned)a) \
+                                     < ((Unsigned)c - (Unsigned)a))
 
 /* addition, subtraction */
 
@@ -42,22 +55,22 @@
 
 /* cast to avoid undefined behaviour on overflow */
 #define OP_INT_ADD_OVF(x,y,r) \
-        r = (long)((unsigned long)x + y); \
+        r = (Signed)((Unsigned)x + y); \
         if ((r^x) < 0 && (r^y) < 0) FAIL_OVF("integer addition")
 
 #define OP_INT_ADD_NONNEG_OVF(x,y,r)  /* y can be assumed >= 0 */ \
-        r = (long)((unsigned long)x + y); \
+        r = (Signed)((Unsigned)x + y); \
         if ((r&~x) < 0) FAIL_OVF("integer addition")
 
 #define OP_INT_SUB(x,y,r)     r = (x) - (y)
 
 #define OP_INT_SUB_OVF(x,y,r) \
-        r = (long)((unsigned long)x - y); \
+        r = (Signed)((Unsigned)x - y); \
         if ((r^x) < 0 && (r^~y) < 0) FAIL_OVF("integer subtraction")
 
 #define OP_INT_MUL(x,y,r)     r = (x) * (y)
 
-#if SIZEOF_LONG * 2 <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+#if SIZEOF_LONG * 2 <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG && !defined(_WIN64)
 #define OP_INT_MUL_OVF(x,y,r) \
 	{ \
 		long long _lr = (long long)x * y; \
@@ -78,7 +91,7 @@
 
 
 #define OP_INT_RSHIFT(x,y,r)    CHECK_SHIFT_RANGE(y, PYPY_LONG_BIT); \
-						r = Py_ARITHMETIC_RIGHT_SHIFT(long, x, (y))
+						r = Py_ARITHMETIC_RIGHT_SHIFT(Signed, x, (y))
 #define OP_UINT_RSHIFT(x,y,r)   CHECK_SHIFT_RANGE(y, PYPY_LONG_BIT); \
 						r = (x) >> (y)
 #define OP_LLONG_RSHIFT(x,y,r)  CHECK_SHIFT_RANGE(y, PYPY_LONGLONG_BIT); \
@@ -98,7 +111,7 @@
 
 #define OP_INT_LSHIFT_OVF(x,y,r) \
 	OP_INT_LSHIFT(x,y,r); \
-	if ((x) != Py_ARITHMETIC_RIGHT_SHIFT(long, r, (y))) \
+	if ((x) != Py_ARITHMETIC_RIGHT_SHIFT(Signed, r, (y))) \
 		FAIL_OVF("x<<y losing bits or changing sign")
 
 /* floor division */
@@ -109,7 +122,7 @@
 #define OP_ULLONG_FLOORDIV(x,y,r) r = (x) / (y)
 
 #define OP_INT_FLOORDIV_OVF(x,y,r)                      \
-	if ((y) == -1 && (x) == LONG_MIN)               \
+	if ((y) == -1 && (x) == SIGNED_MIN)               \
 	    { FAIL_OVF("integer division"); r=0; }      \
 	else                                            \
 	    r = (x) / (y)
@@ -149,7 +162,7 @@
 #define OP_ULLONG_MOD(x,y,r)  r = (x) % (y)
 
 #define OP_INT_MOD_OVF(x,y,r)                           \
-	if ((y) == -1 && (x) == LONG_MIN)               \
+	if ((y) == -1 && (x) == SIGNED_MIN)               \
 	    { FAIL_OVF("integer modulo"); r=0; }        \
 	else                                            \
 	    r = (x) % (y)
@@ -188,18 +201,18 @@
 
 /*** conversions ***/
 
-#define OP_CAST_BOOL_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (long)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_BOOL_TO_UINT(x,r)   r = (unsigned long)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_UINT_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (long)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_INT_TO_UINT(x,r)    r = (unsigned long)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_BOOL_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (Signed)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_BOOL_TO_UINT(x,r)   r = (Unsigned)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_UINT_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (Signed)(x)
+#define OP_CAST_INT_TO_UINT(x,r)    r = (Unsigned)(x)
 #define OP_CAST_INT_TO_LONGLONG(x,r) r = (long long)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_CHAR_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (long)((unsigned char)(x))
+#define OP_CAST_CHAR_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (Signed)((unsigned char)(x))
 #define OP_CAST_INT_TO_CHAR(x,r)    r = (char)(x)
-#define OP_CAST_PTR_TO_INT(x,r)     r = (long)(x)    /* XXX */
+#define OP_CAST_PTR_TO_INT(x,r)     r = (Signed)(x)    /* XXX */
 
-#define OP_TRUNCATE_LONGLONG_TO_INT(x,r) r = (long)(x)
+#define OP_TRUNCATE_LONGLONG_TO_INT(x,r) r = (Signed)(x)
 
-#define OP_CAST_UNICHAR_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (long)((unsigned long)(x)) /*?*/
+#define OP_CAST_UNICHAR_TO_INT(x,r)    r = (Signed)((Unsigned)(x)) /*?*/
 #define OP_CAST_INT_TO_UNICHAR(x,r)    r = (unsigned int)(x)
 
 /* bool operations */
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/mem.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/mem.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/mem.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/mem.h
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 extern void* __gcmapstart;
 extern void* __gcmapend;
 extern char* __gccallshapes;
-extern long pypy_asm_stackwalk(void*, void*);
+extern Signed pypy_asm_stackwalk(void*, void*);
 
 /* With the msvc Microsoft Compiler, the optimizer seems free to move
    any code (even asm) that involves local memory (registers and stack).
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 pypy_asm_gcroot(void* _r1)
 {
 	static volatile int _constant_always_one_ = 1;
-	(long)_r1 *= _constant_always_one_;
+	(Signed)_r1 *= _constant_always_one_;
 	_ReadWriteBarrier();
     return _r1;
 }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 
 
 /* used by pypy.rlib.rstack, but also by asmgcc */
-#define OP_STACK_CURRENT(r)  r = (long)&r
+#define OP_STACK_CURRENT(r)  r = (Signed)&r
 
 
 #define RAW_MALLOC_ZERO_FILLED 0
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/obmalloc.c b/pypy/translator/c/src/obmalloc.c
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/obmalloc.c
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/obmalloc.c
@@ -224,10 +224,10 @@
 #define uint			unsigned int	/* assuming >= 16 bits */
 
 #undef  ulong
-#define ulong			unsigned long	/* assuming >= 32 bits */
+#define ulong			Unsigned	/* assuming >= 32 bits */
 
 #undef uptr
-#define uptr			unsigned long
+#define uptr			Unsigned
 
 /* When you say memory, my mind reasons in terms of (pointers to) blocks */
 typedef uchar block;
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/rtyper.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/rtyper.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/rtyper.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/rtyper.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 char *RPyString_AsCharP(RPyString *rps)
 {
-	long len = RPyString_Size(rps);
+	Signed len = RPyString_Size(rps);
 	struct _RPyString_dump_t *dump = \
 			malloc(sizeof(struct _RPyString_dump_t) + len);
 	if (!dump)
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/src/signals.h b/pypy/translator/c/src/signals.h
--- a/pypy/translator/c/src/signals.h
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/src/signals.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 /* When a signal is received, pypysig_counter is set to -1. */
 /* This is a struct for the JIT. See interp_signal.py. */
 struct pypysig_long_struct {
-    long value;
+    Signed value;
 };
 extern struct pypysig_long_struct pypysig_counter;
 
diff --git a/pypy/translator/c/test/test_newgc.py b/pypy/translator/c/test/test_newgc.py
--- a/pypy/translator/c/test/test_newgc.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/c/test/test_newgc.py
@@ -675,8 +675,8 @@
             gc.collect()
             p_a1 = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, ll_args[0])[0]
             p_a2 = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, ll_args[1])[0]
-            a1 = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, p_a1)[0]
-            a2 = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, p_a2)[0]
+            a1 = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, p_a1)[0]
+            a2 = rffi.cast(rffi.SIGNEDP, p_a2)[0]
             res = rffi.cast(rffi.INTP, ll_res)
             if a1 > a2:
                 res[0] = rffi.cast(rffi.INT, 1)
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@
         def f():
             from pypy.rpython.lltypesystem import lltype, rffi
             alist = [A() for i in range(50000)]
-            idarray = lltype.malloc(rffi.LONGP.TO, len(alist), flavor='raw')
+            idarray = lltype.malloc(rffi.SIGNEDP.TO, len(alist), flavor='raw')
             # Compute the id of all elements of the list.  The goal is
             # to not allocate memory, so that if the GC needs memory to
             # remember the ids, it will trigger some collections itself
@@ -1318,6 +1318,23 @@
         res = self.run('string_builder_over_allocation')
         assert res[1000] == 'y'
 
+    def definestr_string_builder_multiple_builds(cls):
+        import gc
+        def fn(_):
+            s = StringBuilder(4)
+            got = []
+            for i in range(50):
+                s.append(chr(33+i))
+                got.append(s.build())
+                gc.collect()
+            return ' '.join(got)
+        return fn
+
+    def test_string_builder_multiple_builds(self):
+        res = self.run('string_builder_multiple_builds')
+        assert res == ' '.join([''.join(map(chr, range(33, 33+length)))
+                                for length in range(1, 51)])
+
     def define_nursery_hash_base(cls):
         from pypy.rlib.objectmodel import compute_identity_hash
         class A:
diff --git a/pypy/translator/platform/__init__.py b/pypy/translator/platform/__init__.py
--- a/pypy/translator/platform/__init__.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/platform/__init__.py
@@ -59,7 +59,11 @@
         compile_args = self._compile_args_from_eci(eci, standalone)
         ofiles = []
         for cfile in cfiles:
-            ofiles.append(self._compile_c_file(self.cc, cfile, compile_args))
+            # Windows hack: use masm for files ending in .asm
+            if str(cfile).lower().endswith('.asm'):
+                ofiles.append(self._compile_c_file(self.masm, cfile, []))
+            else:
+                ofiles.append(self._compile_c_file(self.cc, cfile, compile_args))
         return ofiles
 
     def execute(self, executable, args=None, env=None, compilation_info=None):
diff --git a/pypy/translator/platform/windows.py b/pypy/translator/platform/windows.py
--- a/pypy/translator/platform/windows.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/platform/windows.py
@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@
 from pypy.translator.platform import CompilationError
 from pypy.translator.platform import log, _run_subprocess
 from pypy.translator.platform import Platform, posix
+from pypy.rlib.rarithmetic import is_emulated_long
 
 def Windows(cc=None):
     if cc == 'mingw32':
         return MingwPlatform(cc)
     else:
-        return MsvcPlatform(cc)
+        return MsvcPlatform(x64=is_emulated_long)
 
 def _get_msvc_env(vsver):
     try:
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@
     shared_only = ()
     environ = None
 
-    def __init__(self, cc=None):
+    def __init__(self, cc=None, x64='error'):
+        assert x64 <> 'error', "explicit platform definition is mandatory for windows!"
         Platform.__init__(self, 'cl.exe')
         if msvc_compiler_environ:
             self.c_environ = os.environ.copy()
@@ -103,9 +105,16 @@
                                                      env=self.c_environ)
         r = re.search('Macro Assembler', stderr)
         if r is None and os.path.exists('c:/masm32/bin/ml.exe'):
-            self.masm = 'c:/masm32/bin/ml.exe'
+            masm32 = 'c:/masm32/bin/ml.exe'
+            masm64 = 'c:/masm64/bin/ml64.exe'
         else:
-            self.masm = 'ml.exe'
+            masm32 = 'ml.exe'
+            masm64 = 'ml64.exe'
+        
+        if x64:
+            self.masm = masm64
+        else:
+            self.masm = masm32
 
         # Install debug options only when interpreter is in debug mode
         if sys.executable.lower().endswith('_d.exe'):
@@ -165,7 +174,13 @@
 
     def _compile_c_file(self, cc, cfile, compile_args):
         oname = cfile.new(ext='obj')
-        args = ['/nologo', '/c'] + compile_args + [str(cfile), '/Fo%s' % (oname,)]
+        # notabene: (tismer)
+        # This function may be called for .c but also .asm files.
+        # The c compiler accepts any order of arguments, while
+        # the assembler still has the old behavior that all options
+        # must come first, and after the file name all options are ignored.
+        # So please be careful with the oder of parameters! ;-)
+        args = ['/nologo', '/c'] + compile_args + ['/Fo%s' % (oname,), str(cfile)]
         self._execute_c_compiler(cc, args, oname)
         return oname
 
diff --git a/pypy/translator/simplify.py b/pypy/translator/simplify.py
--- a/pypy/translator/simplify.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/simplify.py
@@ -697,10 +697,12 @@
             if op.opname == 'getattr' and op.args[1] == c_append:
                 vlist = variable_families.find_rep(op.args[0])
                 if vlist in newlist_v:
-                    op2 = block.operations[i+1]
-                    if (op2.opname == 'simple_call' and len(op2.args) == 2
-                        and op2.args[0] is op.result):
-                        append_v.append((op.args[0], op.result, block))
+                    for j in range(i + 1, len(block.operations)):
+                        op2 = block.operations[j]
+                        if (op2.opname == 'simple_call' and len(op2.args) == 2
+                            and op2.args[0] is op.result):
+                            append_v.append((op.args[0], op.result, block))
+                            break
     if not append_v:
         return
     detector = ListComprehensionDetector(graph, loops, newlist_v,
diff --git a/pypy/translator/test/test_simplify.py b/pypy/translator/test/test_simplify.py
--- a/pypy/translator/test/test_simplify.py
+++ b/pypy/translator/test/test_simplify.py
@@ -305,6 +305,27 @@
             'hint': 2,
             })
 
+    def test_iterate_over_list(self):
+        def wrap(elem):
+            return elem
+        
+        def f(i):
+            new_l = []
+            l = range(4)
+            for elem in l:
+                new_l.append(wrap(elem))
+            return new_l
+
+        self.check(f, {
+            'hint': 2,
+            'newlist': 1,
+            'iter': 1,
+            'next': 1,
+            'getattr': 1,
+            'simple_call': 3,
+            })
+            
+
 class TestLLSpecializeListComprehension:
     typesystem = 'lltype'
 


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