Charles> Skip - did you try "fuser /dev/dsp" ? Not until you suggested it. Didn't even know it existed. It displayed nothing for either /dev/dsp or /dev/audio0: % fuser -a -v /dev/audio0 /dev/dsp USER PID ACCESS COMMAND /dev/audio0 No process references; use -v for the complete list /dev/dsp No process references; use -v for the complete list Skip