[Python-Dev] Informal educator feedback on PEP 572 (was Re: 2018 Python Language Summit coverage, last part)

[Ivan Pozdeev]

On 28.06.2018 1:42, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 27, 2018 at 05:52:16PM +0300, Ivan Pozdeev via Python-Dev wrote:
>
>>> What this means in practice is that assignments will go to different
>>> scopes depending on *where* they are in the comprehension:
>>>
>>>      [ expr   for x in iter1  for y in iter2  if cond   ...]
>>>      [ BBBBBB for x in AAAAAA for y in BBBBBB if BBBBBB ...]
>>>
>>> Assignments in the section marked "AAAAAA" will be in the local scope;
>>> assignments in the BBBBBB sections will be in the sublocal scope. That's
>>> not too bad, up to the point you try to assign to the same name in
>>> AAAAAA and BBBBBB. And then you are likely to get confusing hard to
>>> debug UnboundLocalErrors.
>> This isn't as messy as you make it sound if you remember that the
>> outermost iterable is evaluated only once at the start and all the
>> others -- each iteration.
> The question isn't *how often* they are evaluated, or how many loops you
> have, but *what scope* they are evaluated in. Even in a single loop
> comprehension, parts of it are evaluated in the local scope and parts
> are evaluated in an implicit sublocal scope.

All expressions inside the comprehension other than the initial iterable 
have access to the loop variables generated by the previous parts. So 
they are necessarily evaluated in the internal scope for that to be 
possible.

Since this is too an essential semantics that one has to know to use the 
construct sensibly, I kinda assumed you could make that connection...
E.g.:

[(x*y) for x in range(5) if x%2 for y in range(x,5) if not (x+y)%2]
    A              B          C              D               E

C and D have access to the current x; E and A to both x and y.

>
> The overlap between the two is the trap, if you try to assign to the
> same variable in the loop header and then update it in the loop body.
>
> Not to mention the inconsistency that some assignments are accessible
> from the surrounding code:
>
>      [expr for a in (x := func(), ...) ]
>      print(x)  # works
>
> while the most useful ones, those in the body, will be locked up in an
> implicit sublocal scope where they are unreachable from outside of the
> comprehension:
>
>      [x := something ...  for a in sequence ]
>      print(x)  # fails
>
>

-- 
Regards,
Ivan