converting perl to python - simple questions.

[Andrew Johnson]

In article <m3u2u47hod.fsf at deneb.cygnus.stuttgart.netsurf.de>,
 Florian Weimer <fw at cygnus.stuttgart.netsurf.de> wrote:
! sweeting at neuronet.com.my writes:
! 
! > a) Perl's "defined".
! >    [perl]
! >    if (defined($x{$token})
! > 
! >    [python]
! >    if (x.has_key(token) and x[token]!=None) :
! 
! Depending on the code, you can omit the comparision to `None'.  Perl
! programmers traditionally uses `defined' to test if a key is in a hash,
! so your code is the correct translation if you mimic Perl's undefined
! value with Python's `None', but most of the time, this is not required.

Just a point of clarification: Actually, perl programmer's
traditionally use 'exists' to test if a key is in a hash ... using
'defined' to test for key existence is a mistake---'defined' will
only tell you if that key exists and has a defined value associated
with it: Witness the defined test on key2 in the following:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
my %hash = ( key1 => 0, 
             key2 => undef, 
             key3 => 1
           );
print "key1 exists\n"            if exists  $hash{key1};
print "key1 has defined value\n" if defined $hash{key1};
print "key1 has true value\n"    if $hash{key1};

print "key2 exists\n"            if exists  $hash{key2};
print "key2 has defined value\n" if defined $hash{key2};
print "key2 has true value\n"    if $hash{key2};

print "key3 exists\n"            if exists  $hash{key3};
print "key3 has defined value\n" if defined $hash{key3};
print "key3 has true value\n"    if $hash{key3};
__END__

which prints:
key1 exists
key1 has defined value
key2 exists
key3 exists
key3 has defined value
key3 has true value

regards
andrew