best practices: is collections.defaultdict my friend or not?

Pete Emerson pemerson at gmail.com
Fri Mar 5 20:22:14 EST 2010


I've been wrestling with dicts. I hope at the very least what I
discovered helps someone else out, but I'm interested in hearing from
more learned python users.

I found out that adding a two dimensional element without defining
first dimension existing doesn't work:

>>> data = {}
>>> data['one']['two'] = 'three'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 'one'
>>> data['one'] = {}
>>> data['one']['two'] = 'three'
>>> print data
{'one': {'two': 'three'}}

And through some research, I discovered collections.defaultdict (new
in Python 2.5, FWIW):

>>> import collections
>>> data = collections.defaultdict(dict)
>>> data['one']['two'] = 'three'
>>> print data
defaultdict(<type 'dict'>, {'one': {'two': 'three'}})

Why isn't the behavior of collections.defaultdict the default for a
dict?
Am I just revelling in my bad perl habits by not wanting to declare a
previous level first?
Is this sort of "more rigid" way of doing things common throughout
python, and is it best that I not fight it, but embrace it?

Your thoughts and comments are very much appreciated. I think my brain
already knows some of the answers, but my heart ... well, perl and I
go way back. Loving python so far, though.

Pete



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