Is there any library for indexing binary data?

[Paul Rubin]

甜瓜 <littlesweetmelon at gmail.com> writes:
> Well, Database is not proper because 1. the table is very big (~10^9
> rows) 2. we should support very fast *simple* query that is to get
> value corresponding to single key (~10^7 queries / second).

Just one numeric key/value pair in each row?  What's wrong with
universal hashing?

PyJudy might also be of interest:
  http://www.dalkescientific.com/Python/PyJudy.html