tag." I haven't needed BeautifulSoup yet, but I know I will some day. Thanks for sharing, Kent. From tedroche at gmail.com Wed Oct 24 01:23:56 2007 From: tedroche at gmail.com (Ted Roche) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 19:23:56 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] A new Kent essay: A Brief Introduction to Beautiful Soup In-Reply-To: <20071023225601.987821E4023@bag.python.org> References: <20071023225601.987821E4023@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <c9415b010710231623q4b4e3393s46196cbfba86918@mail.gmail.com> On 10/23/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > <http://personalpages.tds.net/~kent37/kk/00009.html> And if you're in the Manchester, New Hampshire, USA area, perhaps you can stop by Thursday night and witness Kent himself presenting his essay and a follow-on scrum using Beautiful Soup to parse out a couple of web pages: http://dlslug.org/pipermail/python-talk/2007-October/000639.html -- Ted Roche Ted Roche & Associates, LLC http://www.tedroche.com From brunson at brunson.com Wed Oct 24 02:07:29 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 18:07:29 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] A new Kent essay: A Brief Introduction to Beautiful Soup In-Reply-To: <c9415b010710231623q4b4e3393s46196cbfba86918@mail.gmail.com> References: <20071023225601.987821E4023@bag.python.org> <c9415b010710231623q4b4e3393s46196cbfba86918@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471E8CC1.4030900@brunson.com> That's funny. Knowing Alan is from the UK, when I saw Kent was from Manchester I thought he was Alan's countrymate. You know the British (at least my cousins) make fun of us for always having to say our state. "Paris, Texas", "Boston, Mass", "Tampa, FL". But, we just have so many more towns, everyone started reusing the names, not to mention that most of the names we didn't steal from the natives, we jacked from the old world. ;-) Ted Roche wrote: > On 10/23/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > >> <http://personalpages.tds.net/~kent37/kk/00009.html> >> > > And if you're in the Manchester, New Hampshire, USA area, perhaps you > can stop by Thursday night and witness Kent himself presenting his > essay and a follow-on scrum using Beautiful Soup to parse out a couple > of web pages: > > http://dlslug.org/pipermail/python-talk/2007-October/000639.html > > From wormwood_3 at yahoo.com Wed Oct 24 03:15:56 2007 From: wormwood_3 at yahoo.com (wormwood_3) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 18:15:56 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Logging in Linux Message-ID: <83364.12546.qm@web32413.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Hello tutors, I have become familiar with the basic use of the logging module. I have a program that prints out warning messages as well as info messages as it runs, merely dumping them into stdout. When I make such a script into a cron job, I simply redirect this output to /dev/null. Now, what I would like to do is instead send this output to one or more of the standard linux log files. First though, I am wondering, what is the standard procedure in a case like this? Is it more appropriate to make a totally separate log file for all user-added scripts (or one a piece), and put them in /var/log or elsewhere? Where have you all found to be helpful places to log messages from automated scripts on Linux systems? The end goal is simply to have a place that I can check to see that the script is running as expected, or troubleshoot issues if need arise. Thanks for any help or tips, Sam From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 04:10:24 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 22:10:24 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] calling a variable name In-Reply-To: <471DEB17.9080208@bigfoot.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710211956s2f2bc209m2846991aed80a247@mail.gmail.com> <ffhk2n$c59$1@ger.gmane.org> <fbf64d2b0710220357v483edd9do8cd072e1a81ed5e6@mail.gmail.com> <471C8D89.5080902@tds.net> <fbf64d2b0710220751l3968920er337e39586bf3024e@mail.gmail.com> <471CBB1F.30905@tds.net> <471DEB17.9080208@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <471EA990.60606@tds.net> Ricardo Ar?oz wrote: > Kent Johnson wrote: >> Use list when you want a sequence of items indexed by sequential integers. >> Lists >> - preserve order >> - are fast for indexed lookup >> - are relatively slow (O(n)) for adding, deleting and searching (though >> for small lists this should not be a consideration) > > Are you sure they take O(n) for adding? I would have thought it would > take O(1). Perhaps I was a bit hasty. Lists are implemented as arrays of references. I believe they are - amortized O(1) for append - occasionally the list must be reallocated and copied - O(1) for delete from the end ? - O(n) for insert and delete not at the end - the values above the insert/delete must be copied - O(n) for search which is sequential search Kent From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 04:14:30 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 22:14:30 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] How to implement function like this? In-Reply-To: <471DF6EF.6010108@bigfoot.com> References: <6bea4dc50710230121k17cae1cdkb77c086d51713993@mail.gmail.com> <471DF6EF.6010108@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <471EAA86.4030505@tds.net> Ricardo Ar?oz wrote: > Yinghe Chen wrote: >> Hello gurus, >> >> I have a question, a function like below, it is implemented by me, :) >> >> def funcA(tarray): >> a = [2,3,4] >> if len(tarray) >=3: >> return a[0],a[1], a[2] >> elif len(tarray) == 2: >> return a[0],a[1], funcB(1)[0] >> elif len(tarray) == 1: >> return a[0], funcB(2)[0], funcB(2)[1] >> else: >> return funcB(3)[0], funcB(3)[1], funcB(3)[2] > def funcA(tArray) : > a = [2,3,4] > L = min(len(tArray), 3) > return tuple(i for n, i in enumerate(a) if n < L)+tuple(funcB(len(a)-L)) tuple(i for n, i in enumerate(a) if n < L) can be written tuple(a[:L]) funcB(len(a)-L) does not do what the OP requested. For example if len(a) is 10, L will be 3 and you will call funcB(7). Kent From dyoo at cs.wpi.edu Wed Oct 24 02:17:33 2007 From: dyoo at cs.wpi.edu (Danny Yoo) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 20:17:33 -0400 (EDT) Subject: [Tutor] Complexity of list operations Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.63.0710232002440.31262@cs.wpi.edu> >> Use list when you want a sequence of items indexed by sequential >> integers. Lists >> - preserve order >> - are fast for indexed lookup >> - are relatively slow (O(n)) for adding, deleting and searching (though >> for small lists this should not be a consideration) > > Are you sure they take O(n) for adding? I would have thought it would > take O(1). One thing to be careful of: Python "lists" are not linked lists: they really are sequential array-like things that auto-expand. That means inserts can be potentially expensive depending on where we do the insert. The worst case scenario for Python's list operations (insert, delete) happens when we're applying those operations to the very head of the list. The reasoning is because inserting an element forces us to move all the other elements all up by one place: they've got to make room for their new neighbor! By the same reasoning, deletes from the front can also be a linear-time operation because it forces the remainder of the elements to fill in the gap. (For the math heads out there: if it takes some constant 'k' time to move an element, and if we start with an empty list and spam it with N inserts at the front, then the total amount of time it takes to do those N operations will be 0 + 1*k + 2*k + ... + (N-1)*k, and that's a "Gauss sum" that collapses to (N*(N-1)/2)*k. That is, in this worst case scenario, it takes time quadratic in the number of elements to insert N elements!) That being said, if all our operations are applied only at the end of the list, the time complexity of those two operations look better. We can argue for O(1) behavior under that particular restriction. But I think Kent was considering the worst-case behavior, since it's an upper bound on how bad things can get. From dkuhlman at rexx.com Wed Oct 24 05:40:29 2007 From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 20:40:29 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Complexity of list operations In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.63.0710232002440.31262@cs.wpi.edu> References: <Pine.LNX.4.63.0710232002440.31262@cs.wpi.edu> Message-ID: <20071024034029.GA66963@cutter.rexx.com> On Tue, Oct 23, 2007 at 08:17:33PM -0400, Danny Yoo wrote: [helpful explanation snipped] > > That being said, if all our operations are applied only at the end of the > list, the time complexity of those two operations look better. We can > argue for O(1) behavior under that particular restriction. But I think > Kent was considering the worst-case behavior, since it's an upper bound on > how bad things can get. Danny - Thanks for this explanation. I've wondered about the costs of using a list as a FIFO data structure (first in, first out), and doing, for example: lst.insert(0, obj) and: obj = lst.pop() Also, this is probably a good place to mention deque (http://docs.python.org/lib/deque-objects.html), which attempts to reduce those costs. Dave -- Dave Kuhlman http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman From dkuhlman at rexx.com Wed Oct 24 05:55:32 2007 From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 20:55:32 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] calling a variable name In-Reply-To: <471EA990.60606@tds.net> References: <fbf64d2b0710211956s2f2bc209m2846991aed80a247@mail.gmail.com> <ffhk2n$c59$1@ger.gmane.org> <fbf64d2b0710220357v483edd9do8cd072e1a81ed5e6@mail.gmail.com> <471C8D89.5080902@tds.net> <fbf64d2b0710220751l3968920er337e39586bf3024e@mail.gmail.com> <471CBB1F.30905@tds.net> <471DEB17.9080208@bigfoot.com> <471EA990.60606@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071024035532.GB66963@cutter.rexx.com> On Tue, Oct 23, 2007 at 10:10:24PM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: [snip] > > Perhaps I was a bit hasty. > > Lists are implemented as arrays of references. I believe they are > - amortized O(1) for append - occasionally the list must be reallocated > and copied OK. I'm groping here. Wikipedia tells me that O(1) means constant increase. So, what does "amortized O(1)" mean. My understanding is that appending in lists is optimized in the sense that when more space is needed, Python allocates space for additional elements so that allocation does not need to happen at every append. Here is a comment from the Python source code (Python-2.5.1/Objects/listobject.c): /* This over-allocates proportional to the list size, making room * for additional growth. The over-allocation is mild, but is * enough to give linear-time amortized behavior over a long * sequence of appends() in the presence of a poorly-performing * system realloc(). * The growth pattern is: 0, 4, 8, 16, 25, 35, 46, 58, 72, 88, ... */ Hmmm. There is that "amortized" thing again. Very suspicious. For a non-math and non-financial type like me, is it sort of like saying that the costs are averaged out over a sequence of appends? Dave -- Dave Kuhlman http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 12:47:52 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 06:47:52 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] calling a variable name In-Reply-To: <20071024035532.GB66963@cutter.rexx.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710211956s2f2bc209m2846991aed80a247@mail.gmail.com> <ffhk2n$c59$1@ger.gmane.org> <fbf64d2b0710220357v483edd9do8cd072e1a81ed5e6@mail.gmail.com> <471C8D89.5080902@tds.net> <fbf64d2b0710220751l3968920er337e39586bf3024e@mail.gmail.com> <471CBB1F.30905@tds.net> <471DEB17.9080208@bigfoot.com> <471EA990.60606@tds.net> <20071024035532.GB66963@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <471F22D8.6060504@tds.net> Dave Kuhlman wrote: > On Tue, Oct 23, 2007 at 10:10:24PM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > > [snip] > >> Perhaps I was a bit hasty. >> >> Lists are implemented as arrays of references. I believe they are >> - amortized O(1) for append - occasionally the list must be reallocated >> and copied > > OK. I'm groping here. Wikipedia tells me that O(1) means constant > increase. So, what does "amortized O(1)" mean. > > My understanding is that appending in lists is optimized in the > sense that when more space is needed, Python allocates space for > additional elements so that allocation does not need to happen at > every append. Here is a comment from the Python source code > (Python-2.5.1/Objects/listobject.c): > > /* This over-allocates proportional to the list size, making room > * for additional growth. The over-allocation is mild, but is > * enough to give linear-time amortized behavior over a long > * sequence of appends() in the presence of a poorly-performing > * system realloc(). > * The growth pattern is: 0, 4, 8, 16, 25, 35, 46, 58, 72, 88, ... > */ > > Hmmm. There is that "amortized" thing again. Very suspicious. > For a non-math and non-financial type like me, is it sort of like > saying that the costs are averaged out over a sequence of appends? Yes, that is exactly right. Most of the time - when there is room at the end of the allocated block - append is O(1) and very fast. Occasionally, when there is not enough room, append is O(n) and slow, requiring the entire list to be copied. Because the size of the new allocation is proportional to the size of the list, the reallocation happens only each 1/n appends, so if you average out the cost of the reallocation, each append is O(1) (with a higher constant). That is what amortized cost means - sometimes the cost is greater than the specified cost but it averages out. Note that if the reallocation added a fixed amount of extra space each time the cost would not average out over n inserts and it would not be O(1) amortized cost. It's important that the new allocation be proportional to the existing space. Kent From noufal at airtelbroadband.in Wed Oct 24 15:29:44 2007 From: noufal at airtelbroadband.in (Noufal Ibrahim) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 18:59:44 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Logging in Linux In-Reply-To: <83364.12546.qm@web32413.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <83364.12546.qm@web32413.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <471F48C8.6050608@airtelbroadband.in> wormwood_3 wrote: > Now, what I would like to do is instead send this output to one or > more of the standard linux log files. First though, I am wondering, what > is the standard procedure in a case like this? You can either have a config file to specify a log area or use syslog to do the logging. The standard logging module has a RotatingFileHandler and a SysLogHandler for both these methods. > Is it more appropriate to > make a totally separate log file for all user-added scripts (or one a > piece), and put them in /var/log or elsewhere? Where have you all found > to be helpful places to log messages from automated scripts on Linux > systems? The end goal is simply to have a place that I can check to see > that the script is running as expected, or troubleshoot issues if need > arise. /var/log looks nice. I think you should just make it configurable enough so that people can relocate if they want to. -- ~noufal http://nibrahim.net.in/ From rdm at rcblue.com Wed Oct 24 10:23:53 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 01:23:53 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py Message-ID: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> Please give me constructive criticism of <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/stopWatchForWeb14-a.py> (secsToHMS() was perfected with much Tutor help in this thread: <http://www.nabble.com/print-question-tf4591532.html#a13107550>) Thanks, Dick Moores 4444444444 From bhaaluu at gmail.com Wed Oct 24 17:46:22 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 11:46:22 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ea979d70710240846r430b2d02u1a52522e79ec4e3e@mail.gmail.com> On 10/24/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > Please give me constructive criticism of > <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/stopWatchForWeb14-a.py> $ python Python 2.4.3 (#2, Oct 6 2006, 07:52:30) [GCC 4.0.3 (Ubuntu 4.0.3-1ubuntu5)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import msvcrt Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? ImportError: No module named msvcrt >>> > > (secsToHMS() was perfected with much Tutor help in this thread: > <http://www.nabble.com/print-question-tf4591532.html#a13107550>) > > Thanks, > > Dick Moores 4444444444 > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > HTH -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From aezell at gmail.com Wed Oct 24 18:39:36 2007 From: aezell at gmail.com (Alex Ezell) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 11:39:36 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name Message-ID: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is written in PHP. So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word "import" to call the SOAP method. The call should look something like this: self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) Is there any way to call this method despite it's name being a reserved word. /alex From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 18:51:33 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 12:51:33 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> Alex Ezell wrote: > I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the > methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is > written in PHP. > > So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word > "import" to call the SOAP method. The call should look something like > this: > > self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, > import_groups, soap_flags) > > Is there any way to call this method despite it's name being a reserved word. You could try introspection: importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) I don't know if this will work here or not, I assume self.soap is already doing some attribute magic. Kent From aezell at gmail.com Wed Oct 24 20:35:45 2007 From: aezell at gmail.com (Alex Ezell) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:35:45 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> Message-ID: <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> On 10/24/07, Kent Johnson <kent37 at tds.net> wrote: > Alex Ezell wrote: > > I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the > > methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is > > written in PHP. > > > > So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word > > "import" to call the SOAP method. The call should look something like > > this: > > > > self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, > > import_groups, soap_flags) > > > > Is there any way to call this method despite it's name being a reserved word. > > You could try introspection: > > importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') > self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, > import_groups, soap_flags) Thanks Kent. I tried it and it seem like importFunc is now something like 'import.__str__'. I could maybe do some string operations to just get import out of that, but is there something I could do with getattr() for that reference to come back the way I need. Thanks again. /alex From bgailer at alum.rpi.edu Wed Oct 24 20:39:33 2007 From: bgailer at alum.rpi.edu (bob gailer) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 14:39:33 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471F9165.3080505@alum.rpi.edu> Alex Ezell wrote: > I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the > methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is > written in PHP. > > So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word > "import" to call the SOAP method. This seems unfortunate and too restrictive, to not allow keywords to be used for other purposes, when the context makes it clear that its use is not as a keyword. PL/I works that way: one may code if if = then then then = else else else = if Not that that is recommended coding style. From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 21:10:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 15:10:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471F98A1.5080105@tds.net> Alex Ezell wrote: >> You could try introspection: >> >> importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') >> self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, >> import_groups, soap_flags) > > Thanks Kent. I tried it and it seem like importFunc is now something > like 'import.__str__'. I could maybe do some string operations to just > get import out of that, but is there something I could do with > getattr() for that reference to come back the way I need. I guess you will have to dig into the implementation of the client a bit and find out what self.soap.import does and duplicate that somehow. What client code are you using? I would look for a __getattr__ method in the class implementing self.soap, for starters. Kent From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 24 21:32:55 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 15:32:55 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471F9DE7.70407@tds.net> Alex Ezell wrote: > On 10/24/07, Kent Johnson <kent37 at tds.net> wrote: >> Alex Ezell wrote: >>> I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the >>> methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is >>> written in PHP. >>> >>> So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word >>> "import" to call the SOAP method. The call should look something like >>> this: >>> >>> self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, >>> import_groups, soap_flags) >>> >>> Is there any way to call this method despite it's name being a reserved word. >> You could try introspection: >> >> importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') >> self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, >> import_groups, soap_flags) > > Thanks Kent. I tried it and it seem like importFunc is now something > like 'import.__str__'. I could maybe do some string operations to just > get import out of that, but is there something I could do with > getattr() for that reference to come back the way I need. Hmm, with a quick look at the code for SOAPpy (v 0.11.6) I don't see why the getattr() method would not work. Can you show the code you tried and why you think the result was a string? BTW pulling 'import' out of the string won't help; you need the import *function*. Kent From brunson at brunson.com Wed Oct 24 15:36:55 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 07:36:55 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <471F9165.3080505@alum.rpi.edu> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F9165.3080505@alum.rpi.edu> Message-ID: <471F4A77.6030304@brunson.com> bob gailer wrote: > Alex Ezell wrote: > >> I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the >> methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is >> written in PHP. >> >> So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word >> "import" to call the SOAP method. >> > This seems unfortunate and too restrictive, to not allow keywords to be > used for other purposes, when the context makes it clear that its use is > not as a keyword. > Python isn't the only language, try compiling this with a C compiler: int main(){ int char = 1; } test.c:3: error: expected identifier or ?(? before ?=? token or a C++ compiler: test.C:3: error: expected unqualified-id before ?=? token Or running this through a PHP interpreter: <?php function require() { print( "Hello World" ); } ?> PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_REQUIRE, expecting T_STRING in test.php on line 2 Oh, well. :-) > PL/I works that way: one may code > if if = then then > then = else > else > else = if > > Not that that is recommended coding style. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From bgailer at alum.rpi.edu Wed Oct 24 23:14:51 2007 From: bgailer at alum.rpi.edu (bob gailer) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 17:14:51 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> Dick Moores wrote: > Please give me constructive criticism of > <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/stopWatchForWeb14-a.py> > 1 - lapCounter is not used. 2 - simplify: if lapTimeFlag == False: print "Total Time is", secsToHMS(totalTime) print "StopWatch is continuing to time.." else: currentLapTime = markTime - lapEnd print "Current time of this lap, Lap %d, is %s" % (lapNum, secsToHMS(currentLapTime)) print "Total Time is", secsToHMS(totalTime) print "StopWatch is continuing to time.." new version: if lapTimeFlag: currentLapTime = markTime - lapEnd print "Current time of this lap, Lap %d, is %s" % (lapNum, secsToHMS(currentLapTime)) print "Total Time is", secsToHMS(totalTime) print "StopWatch is continuing to time.." From aezell at gmail.com Wed Oct 24 23:39:06 2007 From: aezell at gmail.com (Alex Ezell) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 16:39:06 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710241436i28dea4dfy9408786f2523f45a@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> <471F9DE7.70407@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241315m5da2e533l4d672233900c8b4f@mail.gmail.com> <71dd7f400710241436i28dea4dfy9408786f2523f45a@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <71dd7f400710241439m1d1894dclfba4ef5d3afaa280@mail.gmail.com> Oops, meant to send to the list. Sorry, Kent. > > > >>> I am working on building a SOAP client. Unfortunately, one of the > > > >>> methods the SOAP server provides is named "import." The SOAP server is > > > >>> written in PHP. > > > >>> > > > >>> So, my problem is that Python really doesn't like me using the word > > > >>> "import" to call the SOAP method. The call should look something like > > > >>> this: > > > >>> > > > >>> self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, > > > >>> import_groups, soap_flags) > > > >>> > > > >>> Is there any way to call this method despite it's name being a reserved word. > > > >> You could try introspection: > > > >> > > > >> importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') > > > >> self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, > > > >> import_groups, soap_flags) > > > > > > > > Thanks Kent. I tried it and it seem like importFunc is now something > > > > like 'import.__str__'. I could maybe do some string operations to just > > > > get import out of that, but is there something I could do with > > > > getattr() for that reference to come back the way I need. > > > > > > Hmm, with a quick look at the code for SOAPpy (v 0.11.6) I don't see why > > > the getattr() method would not work. Can you show the code you tried and > > > why you think the result was a string? > > > > > > BTW pulling 'import' out of the string won't help; you need the import > > > *function*. > > > > Got ya on the string bit. That was actually my fault. I think I am the > > victim of my own poorly written exception handling method. Or at > > least, I can't correctly read the errors that it tells me. :) > > > > The introspection bit you offered seems to work fine. The error is now > > within the call to the SOAP server. > > > > Sorry for getting everyone confused. I'm off to ask my fellow > > developer if the SOAP server really does what it says does since she > > wrote it :) > > > > /alex Heh, I am still having problems with this. This is the whole method: def importer(self, file_name, import_groups, import_flags): soap_flags = self.dict_to_key_value(import_flags) try: # TODO figure out how to call this soap method with reserved name self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) except Exception, e: method_name = sys._getframe().f_code.co_name method_args = '(%s,%s,%s)' %(file_name,str(import_groups),str(import_flags)) self.handle_exception(method_name + method_args,e) raise return self.call_response I tried to replace the import() call with these two lines: importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') self.call_response = self.soap.importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) and this was the error: AttributeError: importFunc module body in sync_members.py at line 143 function main in sync_members.py at line 138 function sforce_to_members in sync_members.py at line 80 function do_import in sync_members.py at line 70 function importer in emma_ws.py at line 84 function __getattr__ in WSDL.py at line 96 Thanks again for working with me this far. I am certainly on the very precipitous edge of my Python "knowledge." /alex From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 25 00:16:03 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 18:16:03 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <71dd7f400710241439m1d1894dclfba4ef5d3afaa280@mail.gmail.com> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> <471F9DE7.70407@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241315m5da2e533l4d672233900c8b4f@mail.gmail.com> <71dd7f400710241436i28dea4dfy9408786f2523f45a@mail.gmail.com> <71dd7f400710241439m1d1894dclfba4ef5d3afaa280@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <471FC423.4070408@tds.net> Alex Ezell wrote: > # TODO figure out how to call this soap method with reserved name > self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, > file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) > I tried to replace the import() call with these two lines: > importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') > self.call_response = self.soap.importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, > import_groups, soap_flags) this should be self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) importFunc *is* the function you want to call, it is not an attribute of self.soap. Kent From aezell at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 00:19:16 2007 From: aezell at gmail.com (Alex Ezell) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 17:19:16 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Calling a Method with a Reserved Name In-Reply-To: <471FC423.4070408@tds.net> References: <71dd7f400710240939t3de4d996q7e45b77e94ed5607@mail.gmail.com> <471F7815.7070701@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241135n56c5e07eke4a526cc30757a5f@mail.gmail.com> <471F9DE7.70407@tds.net> <71dd7f400710241315m5da2e533l4d672233900c8b4f@mail.gmail.com> <71dd7f400710241436i28dea4dfy9408786f2523f45a@mail.gmail.com> <71dd7f400710241439m1d1894dclfba4ef5d3afaa280@mail.gmail.com> <471FC423.4070408@tds.net> Message-ID: <71dd7f400710241519j7b36040aga17089e474f201d2@mail.gmail.com> On 10/24/07, Kent Johnson <kent37 at tds.net> wrote: > Alex Ezell wrote: > > > # TODO figure out how to call this soap method with reserved name > > self.call_response = self.soap.import(self.soap_auth, > > file_name, import_groups, soap_flags) > > > I tried to replace the import() call with these two lines: > > importFunc = getattr(self.soap, 'import') > > self.call_response = self.soap.importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, > > import_groups, soap_flags) > > this should be > self.call_response = importFunc(self.soap_auth, file_name, > import_groups, soap_flags) > > importFunc *is* the function you want to call, it is not an attribute of > self.soap. > > Kent Awesome. I knew I had just been looking at it for too long. Thanks so much, Kent! Maybe one day, I will help you with something. ;) /alex From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 25 01:04:19 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 00:04:19 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710240846r430b2d02u1a52522e79ec4e3e@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffoj1o$39v$1@ger.gmane.org> "bhaaluu" <bhaaluu at gmail.com> wrote >>>> import msvcrt > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? > ImportError: No module named msvcrt >>>> You are on Linux so you'll need to port it to use curses instead of msvcrt... Alan G From bhaaluu at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 02:14:22 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 20:14:22 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <ffoj1o$39v$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710240846r430b2d02u1a52522e79ec4e3e@mail.gmail.com> <ffoj1o$39v$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <ea979d70710241714p2e167d1axf2a8e512102d5623@mail.gmail.com> On 10/24/07, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote: > > "bhaaluu" <bhaaluu at gmail.com> wrote > > >>>> import msvcrt > > Traceback (most recent call last): > > File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? > > ImportError: No module named msvcrt > >>>> > > You are on Linux so you'll need to port it to use curses instead of > msvcrt... > > Alan G Thanks Alan! I had absolutely no clue what mscrt was. >>> help ("curses") Whew! There's quite a bit in that one! -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From bryan.fodness at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 04:15:17 2007 From: bryan.fodness at gmail.com (Bryan Fodness) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 22:15:17 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] trouble with if Message-ID: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com> I have the following code, it keeps giving me a value of 1 for e. for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > 15): e = float(openoa) else: e = 1 If I comment out the else, I get the correct value for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > 15): e = float(openoa) # else: # e = 1 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071024/a69b30eb/attachment.htm From john at fouhy.net Thu Oct 25 04:25:47 2007 From: john at fouhy.net (John Fouhy) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 15:25:47 +1300 Subject: [Tutor] trouble with if In-Reply-To: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5e58f2e40710241925q3da48d0cxcb9bf26987664849@mail.gmail.com> On 25/10/2007, Bryan Fodness <bryan.fodness at gmail.com> wrote: > I have the following code, it keeps giving me a value of 1 for e. > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > > 15): > e = float(openoa) > else: > e = 1 > > If I comment out the else, I get the correct value > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > > 15): > e = float(openoa) > # else: > # e = 1 Maybe you need a 'break' statement after 'e = float(openoa)'? As written, e will have whatever value is appropriate for the last line of your input file. -- John. From rdm at rcblue.com Thu Oct 25 06:00:23 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 21:00:23 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> Message-ID: <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071024/5131e838/attachment-0001.htm From john at fouhy.net Thu Oct 25 06:41:50 2007 From: john at fouhy.net (John Fouhy) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 17:41:50 +1300 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.com> On 25/10/2007, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > I'm wondering about "if lapTimeFlag:". Following "The Zen of Python", by > Tim Peters ("Explicit is better than implicit"), isn't "if lapTimeFlag == > True" preferable? No :-) Otherwise, maybe we should make it even more explicit: if (lapTimeFlag == True) == True: ...but that still requires the reader to understand that the body of the if: block will only execute if ((lapTimeFlag == True) == True) == True.. (hmm, reminds me of Lewis Carroll's modus ponens paradox) -- John. From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 07:16:09 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 22:16:09 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] where is the function from Message-ID: <1d987df30710242216v6296e98eyd94d202b8a43bf39@mail.gmail.com> How can I know where a function such as abc is from (from which module)? >>> abc <built-in function abc> From detroit371 at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 06:45:38 2007 From: detroit371 at gmail.com (Lawrence Shafer) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 23:45:38 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] underlying C/C++ object has been deleted Message-ID: <47201F72.3010600@gmail.com> I am trying to convert a program with hand coded QT over to using UI files from QT Designer. I am getting the error below and do not understand what's going on. I have a feeling I need to add self. to something in here, but I'm not sure what. Is this enough code for you to see whats going on?? If not I can upload the project somewhere. Thanks, Lawrence The error, Traceback (most recent call last): File "atf.py", line 113, in on_actionOpen_triggered self.open() File "atf.py", line 56, in open if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() and not self.isWindowModified(): RuntimeError: underlying C/C++ object has been deleted Here is the first part of the code. #!/usr/bin/env python # iaC.py - A Qt4 Calculator example import sys from math import pi from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui from iac_ui import Ui_mainWindow from filterEdit2_ui import Ui_filterEdit class iaC(QtGui.QMainWindow): sequenceNumber = 1 windowList = [] @QtCore.pyqtSignature("") def __init__(self, fileName=None, parent=None): QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent) self.init() if fileName: self.loadFile(fileName) else: self.setCurrentFile(QtCore.QString()) self.ui = Ui_mainWindow() self.ui.setupUi(self) # ================Set up delete, up, and down buttons on the main form================== if self.ui.listWidget.count() < 1: self.ui.deleteButton.setEnabled(False) else: self.ui.deleteButton.setEnabled(True) if self.ui.listWidget.count() < 2: self.ui.upButton.setEnabled(False) self.ui.downButton.setEnabled(False) else: self.ui.downButton.setEnabled(True) self.ui.upButton.setEnabled(True) # ================Save settings on close?======================================= def closeEvent(self, event): if self.maybeSave(): self.writeSettings() event.accept() else: event.ignore() # ===============Open File================================================= @QtCore.pyqtSignature("") def open(self): fileName = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self) print "Loading fileName", fileName if not fileName.isEmpty(): if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() and not self.isWindowModified(): self.loadFile(fileName) else: other = MainWindow(fileName) if other.isUntitled: del other return From brunson at brunson.com Thu Oct 25 07:28:32 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 23:28:32 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] where is the function from In-Reply-To: <1d987df30710242216v6296e98eyd94d202b8a43bf39@mail.gmail.com> References: <1d987df30710242216v6296e98eyd94d202b8a43bf39@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47202980.5090802@brunson.com> linda.s wrote: > How can I know where a function such as abc is from (from which module)? > >>>> abc >>>> > <built-in function abc> > You could: 1. look it up in the index of the library reference (http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/genindex.html), 2. try "pydoc", 3. examine abc.__module__ Let us know if none of those help. e. From rdm at rcblue.com Thu Oct 25 08:06:11 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 23:06:11 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.co m> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071025060618.9096E1E4473@bag.python.org> An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071024/56e76419/attachment.htm From swartmumba at yahoo.com Thu Oct 25 08:59:28 2007 From: swartmumba at yahoo.com (SwartMumba snake) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2007 23:59:28 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] urllib2 and cookies Message-ID: <982618.46736.qm@web44810.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> I want to read the html source off a site but the site requires cookies. What code must I use to handle my cookies, instead of me typing them out? NB I want to use urllib2 to open the site, not urllib. I am currently using python 2.5 This is what I have done so far, but I do not want to type out all the cookies. import urllib2 data = urllib2.Request(url = "http://www.example.com", data = 'COOKIE:<xx;xx...>') htmlSource = urllib2.urlopen(data).read() Thanks in advance... __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071024/30fd6d8a/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 25 09:13:34 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 08:13:34 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org><ea979d70710240846r430b2d02u1a52522e79ec4e3e@mail.gmail.com><ffoj1o$39v$1@ger.gmane.org> <ea979d70710241714p2e167d1axf2a8e512102d5623@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffpfn3$6jn$1@ger.gmane.org> "bhaaluu" <bhaaluu at gmail.com> wrote > I had absolutely no clue what mscrt was. The MicroSoftVisualCRunTime library. >>>> help ("curses") > > Whew! > There's quite a bit in that one! Yep its a full "Gui" toolkit for text based terminals. Fortunately you only need a couple of functions. Check out my Event Driven Programming topic for a very simple example using msvcrt/curses. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 25 09:17:27 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 08:17:27 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org><471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu><20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org><5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.co m> <20071025060618.9096E1E4473@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ffpfuc$77d$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > Tim Peters ("Explicit is better than implicit"), isn't "if > lapTimeFlag == > > True" preferable? > > if (lapTimeFlag == True) == True: > > Well, how about "Readability counts"? Thats the point. By calling the variable a "Flag" you are implying that it is a boolean that can only be True/False thus if Flag: is completely readable. There is no need for the == True part. The same is true of a predicate function. By naming it isXXX you imply that it is a predicate and returns True/False so you can write if isXXX(): rather than if isXXX() == True: HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 25 09:27:51 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 08:27:51 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] underlying C/C++ object has been deleted References: <47201F72.3010600@gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffpghs$8v5$1@ger.gmane.org> "Lawrence Shafer" <detroit371 at gmail.com> wrote > files from QT Designer. I am getting the error below and do not > understand what's going on. Neither do I but try debugging it to find out which object causes the error > File "atf.py", line 56, in open > if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() and > not > self.isWindowModified(): > RuntimeError: underlying C/C++ object has been deleted That line refers to 3 objects (not counting self) Try splitting it so: if self.isUntitled: if self.textBrowser: d = self.TextBrowser.document() if d.isEmpty(): if self.isWindowModified(): # your code here... Should return the error at the line with the dead reference Alternatively use a debugger (IDLE/winpdb?) to stop at the line immediately before the if test and examoine the various values. Once you know which object is the problem you have some chance of fiinding out why... Beyond that I can't help since I've never used Qt. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 25 09:35:04 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 08:35:04 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] where is the function from References: <1d987df30710242216v6296e98eyd94d202b8a43bf39@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffpgvd$a90$1@ger.gmane.org> "linda.s" <samrobertsmith at gmail.com> wrote > How can I know where a function such as abc is from (from which > module)? >>>> abc > <built-in function abc> <Obligitary Lecture> Look at your import statements. Provided you have nbeen using recommended practice you will have used from module import name1,name2,... or just import module. If the latter you need to access abc as module.abc So you know which module its from - thats why its the recommended approach - after all more than one module may have an abc.... OTOH if you used the non recommended from module import * You're left guessing... </End Lecture :-) > Although you can use introspection from Python to find out. try: >>> import sys >>> sys.exit <built-in function exit> >>> sys.exit.__module__ 'sys' >>> HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From rdm at rcblue.com Thu Oct 25 09:54:03 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 00:54:03 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <ffpfuc$77d$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.co m> <20071025060618.9096E1E4473@bag.python.org> <ffpfuc$77d$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071025075417.3360E1E400A@bag.python.org> At 12:17 AM 10/25/2007, Alan Gauld wrote: >"Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > > > Tim Peters ("Explicit is better than implicit"), isn't "if > > lapTimeFlag == > > > True" preferable? > > > > if (lapTimeFlag == True) == True: > > > > Well, how about "Readability counts"? > >Thats the point. >By calling the variable a "Flag" you are implying that >it is a boolean that can only be True/False thus > >if Flag: > >is completely readable. There is no need for the == True part. > >The same is true of a predicate function. By naming it >isXXX you imply that it is a predicate and returns True/False >so you can write > >if isXXX(): > >rather than > >if isXXX() == True: Got it. Thanks, Alan. I've also seen things like this: >>> a = [] >>> if not a: ... print 'a is empty' ... a is empty >>> Isn't this preferable?: >>> a = [] >>> if a == []: ... print 'a is empty' ... a is empty >>> Dick From meiermic at ee.ethz.ch Thu Oct 25 10:26:39 2007 From: meiermic at ee.ethz.ch (Michael Meier) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 10:26:39 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] urllib2 and cookies Message-ID: <1193300799.23336.4.camel@tardis-b04.ee.ethz.ch> Hi ASPN has a very verbose example of cookielib usage at http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/302930 Many things are very OS, especially Windows, specific. You can surely phase out the relevant parts :) Probably the solution with cookielib is the easiest way to go. Cookielib is documented at http://docs.python.org/lib/module-cookielib.html Cheers, Michael From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 25 12:51:29 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 06:51:29 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking to improve my stopWatch.py In-Reply-To: <20071025075417.3360E1E400A@bag.python.org> References: <20071024144708.1CFB61E400F@bag.python.org> <471FB5CB.6050203@alum.rpi.edu> <20071025040034.A7EFC1E4009@bag.python.org> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710242141y4b1017fax1e941b7fddfd3e94@mail.gmail.co m> <20071025060618.9096E1E4473@bag.python.org> <ffpfuc$77d$1@ger.gmane.org> <20071025075417.3360E1E400A@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <47207531.6080004@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: > I've also seen things like this: > >>> a = [] > >>> if not a: > ... print 'a is empty' > ... > a is empty > >>> > > Isn't this preferable?: > >>> a = [] > >>> if a == []: > ... print 'a is empty' > ... > a is empty I like the simplicity and consistency of if a or if not a which will test for empty if a is a list, dict, string or set. Of course strictly speaking if a and if a == [] are not equivalent unless you can guarantee that a references a list (not None or any other kind of object) but for many purposes they are. Kent Kent From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 25 13:01:36 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 07:01:36 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] urllib2 and cookies In-Reply-To: <1193300799.23336.4.camel@tardis-b04.ee.ethz.ch> References: <1193300799.23336.4.camel@tardis-b04.ee.ethz.ch> Message-ID: <47207790.50509@tds.net> Michael Meier wrote: > Hi > > ASPN has a very verbose example of cookielib usage at > http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/302930 There is a writeup of this recipe here: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/cookielib.shtml This is way more complicated than you need, though, at least if you are using Python 2.4 or 2.5 you can just use cookielib. The first example here shows how simple it can be: http://docs.python.org/lib/cookielib-examples.html Note that you may have to open two pages with the same urlopener - the page that sets the cookie (perhaps a login page?) and the page that requires the cookie. Kent From detroit371 at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 16:50:52 2007 From: detroit371 at gmail.com (Lawrence Shafer) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 09:50:52 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] underlying C/C++ object has been deleted In-Reply-To: <47201F72.3010600@gmail.com> References: <47201F72.3010600@gmail.com> Message-ID: <4720AD4C.8040200@gmail.com> Here's the whole code. Any help appreciated! http://shaferlabs.pastebin.com/m32c82193 Also I was thinking I could set the progressbar to 64% like this. self.progressBar.setProperty("value",QtCore.QVariant(64)) but it doesn't work. (AttributeError: progressBar) I think it has something to do with some stupid way I'm initializing the iac_ui.py file. Like I said, I'm not used to QTDesigner and complex programs like this. Again, any help appreciated! Lawrence Shafer wrote: > I am trying to convert a program with hand coded QT over to using UI > files from QT Designer. I am getting the error below and do not > understand what's going on. I have a feeling I need to add self. to > something in here, but I'm not sure what. Is this enough code for you to > see whats going on?? If not I can upload the project somewhere. Thanks, > Lawrence > > The error, > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "atf.py", line 113, in on_actionOpen_triggered > self.open() > File "atf.py", line 56, in open > if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() and not > self.isWindowModified(): > RuntimeError: underlying C/C++ object has been deleted > > > Here is the first part of the code. > > #!/usr/bin/env python > # iaC.py - A Qt4 Calculator example > > import sys > from math import pi > from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui > from iac_ui import Ui_mainWindow > from filterEdit2_ui import Ui_filterEdit > > > class iaC(QtGui.QMainWindow): > sequenceNumber = 1 > windowList = [] > > @QtCore.pyqtSignature("") > def __init__(self, fileName=None, parent=None): > QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent) > > self.init() > if fileName: > self.loadFile(fileName) > else: > self.setCurrentFile(QtCore.QString()) > > self.ui = Ui_mainWindow() > self.ui.setupUi(self) > > # ================Set up delete, up, and down buttons on the main > form================== > if self.ui.listWidget.count() < 1: > self.ui.deleteButton.setEnabled(False) > else: > self.ui.deleteButton.setEnabled(True) > > if self.ui.listWidget.count() < 2: > self.ui.upButton.setEnabled(False) > self.ui.downButton.setEnabled(False) > else: > self.ui.downButton.setEnabled(True) > self.ui.upButton.setEnabled(True) > > # ================Save settings on > close?======================================= > def closeEvent(self, event): > if self.maybeSave(): > self.writeSettings() > event.accept() > else: > event.ignore() > > # ===============Open File================================================= > @QtCore.pyqtSignature("") > def open(self): > fileName = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self) > print "Loading fileName", fileName > if not fileName.isEmpty(): > > if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() > and not self.isWindowModified(): > self.loadFile(fileName) > else: > other = MainWindow(fileName) > if other.isUntitled: > del other > return > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > From rdm at rcblue.com Thu Oct 25 18:33:58 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 09:33:58 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code Message-ID: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> Please give me constructive criticism of <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV6.py> Thanks, Dick From bryan.fodness at gmail.com Thu Oct 25 21:34:55 2007 From: bryan.fodness at gmail.com (Bryan Fodness) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 15:34:55 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] rounding to the nearest 0.5 Message-ID: <fbf64d2b0710251234u2abfe8f1mb0e8d6aa28d84344@mail.gmail.com> Is there a built-in function that will round to the nearest 0.5? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071025/0a1c771f/attachment.htm From brunson at brunson.com Thu Oct 25 22:20:28 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 14:20:28 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] rounding to the nearest 0.5 In-Reply-To: <fbf64d2b0710251234u2abfe8f1mb0e8d6aa28d84344@mail.gmail.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710251234u2abfe8f1mb0e8d6aa28d84344@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4720FA8C.4090109@brunson.com> Bryan Fodness wrote: > > Is there a built-in function that will round to the nearest 0.5? Not that I know of, but "round( 2 * n ) / 2" will give you what you're looking for. > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From conorleister at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 00:36:03 2007 From: conorleister at gmail.com (Conor Leister) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 18:36:03 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Using dictionary to find the mode of a list Message-ID: <34c4a10a0710251536u380de279x431590ef3ef1eec6@mail.gmail.com> I'm just trying to get the mode of a list. Here's the code I have that gathers the data and sorts it. i just need to be able to get the mode of a using a dictionary and i can't seem to figure out anything. i'm completely lost. this code works fine, i just need to add to it and i'm not great with dictionaries. #gather data a=[] prompt='Enter numbers, blank line to finish:' inVal=raw_input(prompt) while inVal: a.append(int(inVal)) inVal=raw_input(prompt) print 'The values you entered:' print a #Bubble Sort i=0 while i<len(a): j=1 while j<len(a)-i: if a[j-1]>a[j]: temp=a[j] a[j]=a[j-1] a[j-1]=temp j=j+1 i=i+1 print 'Values sorted: ' ,a -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071025/dea93b69/attachment.htm From ricaraoz at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 01:26:24 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 20:26:24 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] How to implement function like this? In-Reply-To: <471EAA86.4030505@tds.net> References: <6bea4dc50710230121k17cae1cdkb77c086d51713993@mail.gmail.com> <471DF6EF.6010108@bigfoot.com> <471EAA86.4030505@tds.net> Message-ID: <47212620.9040904@bigfoot.com> Kent Johnson wrote: > Ricardo Ar?oz wrote: >> Yinghe Chen wrote: >>> Hello gurus, >>> >>> I have a question, a function like below, it is implemented by me, :) >>> >>> def funcA(tarray): >>> a = [2,3,4] >>> if len(tarray) >=3: >>> return a[0],a[1], a[2] >>> elif len(tarray) == 2: >>> return a[0],a[1], funcB(1)[0] >>> elif len(tarray) == 1: >>> return a[0], funcB(2)[0], funcB(2)[1] >>> else: >>> return funcB(3)[0], funcB(3)[1], funcB(3)[2] > >> def funcA(tArray) : >> a = [2,3,4] >> L = min(len(tArray), 3) >> return tuple(i for n, i in enumerate(a) if n < >> L)+tuple(funcB(len(a)-L)) > > tuple(i for n, i in enumerate(a) if n < L) can be written > tuple(a[:L]) Doh... Of course! Your code is much nicer. > > funcB(len(a)-L) does not do what the OP requested. For example if len(a) > is 10, L will be 3 and you will call funcB(7). > Don't get it. The 3 is because the len(a) is 3, notice that a is hard coded and not a parameter. If you change 'a' then you should change the code accordingly. Anyway the confusion is the mixing of len(a) and 3 in the same code, it should probably be either 3 or len(a) all along, but that should be asked to the OP. Let's say we decide to use len(a), then the code would end up like : def funcA(tArray) : a = [2,3,4] L = min(len(tArray), len(a)) return tuple(a[:L]) + tuple(funcB(len(a) - L)) Too tired right now to check if it's ok. Cheers. From ricaraoz at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 01:34:06 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 20:34:06 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] calling a variable name In-Reply-To: <471F22D8.6060504@tds.net> References: <fbf64d2b0710211956s2f2bc209m2846991aed80a247@mail.gmail.com> <ffhk2n$c59$1@ger.gmane.org> <fbf64d2b0710220357v483edd9do8cd072e1a81ed5e6@mail.gmail.com> <471C8D89.5080902@tds.net> <fbf64d2b0710220751l3968920er337e39586bf3024e@mail.gmail.com> <471CBB1F.30905@tds.net> <471DEB17.9080208@bigfoot.com> <471EA990.60606@tds.net> <20071024035532.GB66963@cutter.rexx.com> <471F22D8.6060504@tds.net> Message-ID: <472127EE.9040600@bigfoot.com> Kent Johnson wrote: > Dave Kuhlman wrote: >> On Tue, Oct 23, 2007 at 10:10:24PM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: >> >> [snip] >> >>> Perhaps I was a bit hasty. >>> >>> Lists are implemented as arrays of references. I believe they are >>> - amortized O(1) for append - occasionally the list must be reallocated >>> and copied >> OK. I'm groping here. Wikipedia tells me that O(1) means constant >> increase. So, what does "amortized O(1)" mean. >> >> My understanding is that appending in lists is optimized in the >> sense that when more space is needed, Python allocates space for >> additional elements so that allocation does not need to happen at >> every append. Here is a comment from the Python source code >> (Python-2.5.1/Objects/listobject.c): >> >> /* This over-allocates proportional to the list size, making room >> * for additional growth. The over-allocation is mild, but is >> * enough to give linear-time amortized behavior over a long >> * sequence of appends() in the presence of a poorly-performing >> * system realloc(). >> * The growth pattern is: 0, 4, 8, 16, 25, 35, 46, 58, 72, 88, ... >> */ >> >> Hmmm. There is that "amortized" thing again. Very suspicious. >> For a non-math and non-financial type like me, is it sort of like >> saying that the costs are averaged out over a sequence of appends? > > Yes, that is exactly right. Most of the time - when there is room at the > end of the allocated block - append is O(1) and very fast. Occasionally, > when there is not enough room, append is O(n) and slow, requiring the > entire list to be copied. Because the size of the new allocation is > proportional to the size of the list, the reallocation happens only each > 1/n appends, so if you average out the cost of the reallocation, each > append is O(1) (with a higher constant). That is what amortized cost > means - sometimes the cost is greater than the specified cost but it > averages out. > > Note that if the reallocation added a fixed amount of extra space each > time the cost would not average out over n inserts and it would not be > O(1) amortized cost. It's important that the new allocation be > proportional to the existing space. > Actually if you would come to the point you need to make a distinction between amotized O(1) and O(1) then you will certainly be concerned with the initial amount of allocation and with the proportional constant. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 26 01:58:13 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 00:58:13 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Using dictionary to find the mode of a list References: <34c4a10a0710251536u380de279x431590ef3ef1eec6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffraiq$go$1@ger.gmane.org> "Conor Leister" <conorleister at gmail.com> wrote > Here's the code I have that gathers the data and sorts it. My first question is why are you writing a bubble sort routine for your list? In almost every conceivable case the built-in sort method will be faster. > be able to get the mode of a using a dictionary > i'm completely lost. this code works fine, i just need to add > to it and i'm not great with dictionaries. If it works fine why do you need to add to it? And what do you find difficult with dictionaries? I'm not clear what exactly the problem is with which you want us to help you. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > > #gather data > a=[] > prompt='Enter numbers, blank line to finish:' > inVal=raw_input(prompt) > while inVal: > a.append(int(inVal)) > inVal=raw_input(prompt) > print 'The values you entered:' > print a > > #Bubble Sort > i=0 > while i<len(a): > j=1 > while j<len(a)-i: > if a[j-1]>a[j]: > temp=a[j] > a[j]=a[j-1] > a[j-1]=temp > j=j+1 > i=i+1 > print 'Values sorted: ' ,a > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 04:48:22 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 19:48:22 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] about Tix Message-ID: <1d987df30710251948h2f2d4fbbtb94bafb0c2e01ec2@mail.gmail.com> I run the following code in Python 2.5 and got the error (when I do "import Tix", no error). Traceback (most recent call last): File "2.py", line 54, in <module> tkRoot = Tix.Tk( ) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/lib-tk/Tix.py", line 210, in __init__ self.tk.eval('package require Tix') _tkinter.TclError: can't find package Tix Source code: from __future__ import with_statement # <-- Python 2.5 ONLY import Tix import time class SplashScreen( object ): def __init__( self, tkRoot, imageFilename, minSplashTime=0 ): self._root = tkRoot self._image = Tix.PhotoImage( file=image ) self._splash = None self._minSplashTime = time.time() + minSplashTime def __enter__( self ): # Remove the app window from the display self._root.withdraw( ) # Calculate the geometry to center the splash image scrnWt = self._root.winfo_screenwidth( ) scrnHt = self._root.winfo_screenheight( ) imgWt = self._image.width() imgHt = self._image.height() imgXPos = (scrnWt / 2) - (imgWt / 2) imgYPos = (scrnHt / 2) - (imgHt / 2) # Create the splash screen self._splash = Tix.Toplevel() self._splash.overrideredirect(1) self._splash.geometry( '+%d+%d' % (imgXPos, imgYPos) ) Tix.Label( self._splash, image=self._image, cursor='watch' ).pack( ) # Force Tk to draw the splash screen outside of mainloop() self._splash.update( ) def __exit__( self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback ): # Make sure the minimum splash time has elapsed timeNow = time.time() if timeNow < self._minSplashTime: time.sleep( self._minSplashTime - timeNow ) # Destroy the splash window self._splash.destroy( ) # Display the application window self._root.deiconify( ) #-------------------------------------------- # Now putting up splash screens is simple # Create the tkRoot window tkRoot = Tix.Tk( ) with SplashScreen( tkRoot, 'splashImage.jpg', 3.0 ): initializeMyApplication( ) buildTheGUI( tkRoot ) tkRoot.mainloop( ) From bryan.fodness at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 05:08:21 2007 From: bryan.fodness at gmail.com (Bryan Fodness) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 23:08:21 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] trouble with if In-Reply-To: <5e58f2e40710241925q3da48d0cxcb9bf26987664849@mail.gmail.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710241925q3da48d0cxcb9bf26987664849@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fbf64d2b0710252008s49ebe3fcg500f5d7e28c3ada@mail.gmail.com> I cannot get this to work either. woffaxis = 7 if woffaxis != 0: woaf_pos = input("What is Wedge Direction (N/A, Lateral, Towards Heal, Towards Toe)?") if woaf_pos == 'Towards Toe': woffaxis = woffaxis elif woaf_pos == 'Towards Heal': woffaxis = (woffaxis * -1) else: woffaxis = 0 On 10/24/07, John Fouhy <john at fouhy.net> wrote: > > On 25/10/2007, Bryan Fodness <bryan.fodness at gmail.com> wrote: > > I have the following code, it keeps giving me a value of 1 for e. > > > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > > > > 15): > > e = float(openoa) > > else: > > e = 1 > > > > If I comment out the else, I get the correct value > > > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and unblockedFS > > > > 15): > > e = float(openoa) > > # else: > > # e = 1 > > Maybe you need a 'break' statement after 'e = float(openoa)'? > > As written, e will have whatever value is appropriate for the last > line of your input file. > > -- > John. > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071025/35cee609/attachment.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 08:35:59 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 12:05:59 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] trouble with if In-Reply-To: <fbf64d2b0710252008s49ebe3fcg500f5d7e28c3ada@mail.gmail.com> References: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710241925q3da48d0cxcb9bf26987664849@mail.gmail.com> <fbf64d2b0710252008s49ebe3fcg500f5d7e28c3ada@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5df213700710252335k46eee59rc83e242eceeaa7b7@mail.gmail.com> I think you need to use "raw_input" instead of "input". input "eval" the input expression while "raw_input" just stores it. I find the module help very handy when I am in doubt. >>> print raw_input.__doc__ raw_input([prompt]) -> string Read a string from standard input. The trailing newline is stripped. If the user hits EOF (Unix: Ctl-D, Windows: Ctl-Z+Return), raise EOFError. On Unix, GNU readline is used if enabled. The prompt string, if given, is printed without a trailing newline before reading. >>> print input.__doc__ input([prompt]) -> value Equivalent to eval(raw_input(prompt)). On 10/26/07, Bryan Fodness <bryan.fodness at gmail.com> wrote: > > I cannot get this to work either. > > woffaxis = 7 > > if woffaxis != 0: > woaf_pos = input("What is Wedge Direction (N/A, Lateral, Towards > Heal, Towards Toe)?") > > if woaf_pos == 'Towards Toe': > woffaxis = woffaxis > elif woaf_pos == 'Towards Heal': > woffaxis = (woffaxis * -1) > else: > woffaxis = 0 > > > > > > > On 10/24/07, John Fouhy <john at fouhy.net> wrote: > > > > On 25/10/2007, Bryan Fodness <bryan.fodness at gmail.com> wrote: > > > I have the following code, it keeps giving me a value of 1 for e. > > > > > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > > > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > > > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and > > unblockedFS > > > > 15): > > > e = float(openoa) > > > else: > > > e = 1 > > > > > > If I comment out the else, I get the correct value > > > > > > for line in file('21Ex6MV_oaf.dat'): > > > oa, openoa, w15, w30, w45, w60 = line.split() > > > if (float(oa) == round(offaxis)) and (eff_depth < 10 and > > unblockedFS > > > > 15): > > > e = float(openoa) > > > # else: > > > # e = 1 > > > > Maybe you need a 'break' statement after 'e = float(openoa)'? > > > > As written, e will have whatever value is appropriate for the last > > line of your input file. > > > > -- > > John. > > > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071026/6bba5fb8/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 26 09:35:00 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 08:35:00 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] trouble with if References: <fbf64d2b0710241915k6f0ff2ccke77b9ab056c04b3c@mail.gmail.com><5e58f2e40710241925q3da48d0cxcb9bf26987664849@mail.gmail.com> <fbf64d2b0710252008s49ebe3fcg500f5d7e28c3ada@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffs5ba$tnb$1@ger.gmane.org> "Bryan Fodness" <bryan.fodness at gmail.com> wrote >I cannot get this to work either. Brian, when you post please tell us exactly what does not work. If there is an error message send the whole error there is a lot of useful information in them. Otherwise we have to read your code and guess what might be happening. We need both code and error text. The easier you make it for the tutors the more likely you are to get a response! > woffaxis = 7 > > if woffaxis != 0: > woaf_pos = input("What is Wedge Direction (N/A, Lateral, Towards > Heal, > Towards Toe)?") Use raw_input() and convert the result rather than input(). Especially when the input is a string anyhow. Otherwise you are leaving yourself open to scurity breaches and even accidental damage to your data due to mistyping. This is because input() tries to interpret its value as a Python expression. Thus if the user enters a string Pyhon tries to evaluate that string. Unless the usser has put quotes around their input it will probably fail. I suspect that is your problem but without an error message I can't be sure. > if woaf_pos == 'Towards Toe': > woffaxis = woffaxis > elif woaf_pos == 'Towards Heal': > woffaxis = (woffaxis * -1) > else: > woffaxis = 0 Incidentally, you could replace this set of if statements with a dictionary lookup: responses = {"Towards Toe": 1, "Towards Head": -1} woffaxis *= responses.get(woaf_pos,0) Another tip is that when comparing user input to a string its usually better to have the master strings as all uppercase or all lowercase and then convert the input string to all lower case or all upper case as appropriate, and then compare. It reduces user frustration over simple typos. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 26 10:07:07 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 09:07:07 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] about Tix References: <1d987df30710251948h2f2d4fbbtb94bafb0c2e01ec2@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffs77h$3e2$1@ger.gmane.org> Linda, >I run the following code in Python 2.5 and got the error (when I do > "import Tix", no error). Congratulations I think this might just be the first Tix question on the tutor list! :-) > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "2.py", line 54, in <module> > tkRoot = Tix.Tk( ) > File > "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/lib-tk/Tix.py", > line 210, in __init__ > self.tk.eval('package require Tix') > _tkinter.TclError: can't find package Tix This looks to me like the Tix DLL hasn't been installed or it's installed in a folder where it can''t be found. The Tix module is just a wrapper round the Tix DLL so you need both. It works OK for me: >>> import Tix as t >>> tk = t.Tk() >>> w = t.Toplevel(tk) >>> b = t.Label(w, text="Hello") >>> b.pack() >>> t.mainloop() However, > from __future__ import with_statement # <-- Python 2.5 ONLY > import Tix > import time > > class SplashScreen( object ): ... > #-------------------------------------------- > # Now putting up splash screens is simple > > # Create the tkRoot window > tkRoot = Tix.Tk( ) > > with SplashScreen( tkRoot, 'splashImage.jpg', 3.0 ): I'm not sure you need the with statement here. (Although this might also be the first tutor example of a custom context manager! Two firsts in one mail...:) Couldn't you just call the SplashScreen directly? Then initialise and build the GUI? Its what I usually do and it seems to work. I'm trying to work out what advantage the with gives? > initializeMyApplication( ) > buildTheGUI( tkRoot ) > > tkRoot.mainloop( ) HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From rdm at rcblue.com Fri Oct 26 11:18:08 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 02:18:08 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> At 09:33 AM 10/25/2007, Dick Moores wrote: >Please give me constructive criticism of ><http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV6.py> Hmm. Nothing. One problem may be that only people using Windows can run the script. I've developed chessTimer a bit further: <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerFischerDelayForWebV2.py> I'm still hoping for some constructive criticism. But I also thought I'd mention the points I have doubts about: 1. Is wrapping the long lines where I have done so OK? 2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player to alternate players. Is there a better way? 3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? 4. Should more of the code be in functions? 5. Is there a way to collapse lines 107-114: if player == 1: # player is White whiteMoveCounter += 1 print "Black to make move %d" % (blackMoveCounter) remainingWhiteTime -= timeUsedThisMove elif player == -1: # player is Black blackMoveCounter += 1 print "White to make move %d" % (whiteMoveCounter) remainingBlackTime -= timeUsedThisMove Thanks, Dick Moores From kent37 at tds.net Fri Oct 26 12:28:08 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 06:28:08 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Using dictionary to find the mode of a list In-Reply-To: <34c4a10a0710251536u380de279x431590ef3ef1eec6@mail.gmail.com> References: <34c4a10a0710251536u380de279x431590ef3ef1eec6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4721C138.1010409@tds.net> Conor Leister wrote: > I'm just trying to get the mode of a list. > Here's the code I have that gathers the data and sorts it. i just need > to be able to get the mode of a using a dictionary and i can't seem to > figure out anything. i'm completely lost. this code works fine, i just > need to add to it and i'm not great with dictionaries. OK. The mode is the number that appears the most times, so you need to count how many times each number appears. A dict works well for this; the dict key is the number and the dict value is the count. Can you write a loop through your list that accumulates counts? The next step is to find the largest count. Kent > > #gather data > a=[] > prompt='Enter numbers, blank line to finish:' > inVal=raw_input(prompt) > while inVal: > a.append(int(inVal)) > inVal=raw_input(prompt) > print 'The values you entered:' > print a > > #Bubble Sort > i=0 > while i<len(a): > j=1 > while j<len(a)-i: > if a[j-1]>a[j]: > temp=a[j] > a[j]=a[j-1] > a[j-1]=temp > j=j+1 > i=i+1 > print 'Values sorted: ' ,a > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From kent37 at tds.net Fri Oct 26 12:32:50 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 06:32:50 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] How to implement function like this? In-Reply-To: <47212620.9040904@bigfoot.com> References: <6bea4dc50710230121k17cae1cdkb77c086d51713993@mail.gmail.com> <471DF6EF.6010108@bigfoot.com> <471EAA86.4030505@tds.net> <47212620.9040904@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <4721C252.5010808@tds.net> Ricardo Ar?oz wrote: > Kent Johnson wrote: >> funcB(len(a)-L) does not do what the OP requested. For example if len(a) >> is 10, L will be 3 and you will call funcB(7). >> > > Don't get it. The 3 is because the len(a) is 3, notice that a is hard > coded and not a parameter. If you change 'a' then you should change the > code accordingly. Right, my mistake. Kent From bhaaluu at gmail.com Fri Oct 26 14:00:11 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 08:00:11 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> Greetings, On 10/26/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > At 09:33 AM 10/25/2007, Dick Moores wrote: > >Please give me constructive criticism of > ><http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV6.py> > > Hmm. Nothing. One problem may be that only people using Windows can > run the script. The first thing I saw when I looked at the code was that it was for MS-Windows only, so I didn't waste anymore time with it. Recently, I ran across some code that tried MS-Windows, except if the user wasn't running MS-Windows, it assumed they were running some *nix variant, and loaded those modules instead. That certainly makes code more platform independent. This is what it looked like: try: # windows or dos import msvcrt getkey = msvcrt.getch except ImportError: # assume unix import tty, termios Since Python doesn't come bundled with MS-Windows, out-of-the-box, I don't think we should presume that "everyone" has Python on their MS-Windows computer? OTOH, Python is usually part of the base or core system on a GNU/Linux install. I'm not sure about Mac OS X.x? Of course, if you only want MS-Windows users to run your code, then.... nevermind! 8^D I'm still working my way through Python tutorials, and as yet, haven't written any code that makes use of any platform specific libraries. However, when I DO, and IF I forget to try:except: so other platforms can run my code, Please Slap Me, and show me THIS post! =) That being said: Besides msvcrt/curses, what other libraries are there that we should be aware of? I'd like to see them as pairs, if possible.... this looks like a perfect thing for a dictionary! =) I certainly think this is something that Newbies (like myself) should learn. But without a MS-Windows computer handy, I don't know? Is there a place that has this information? Happy Programming! -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html > > I've developed chessTimer a bit further: > <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerFischerDelayForWebV2.py> > > I'm still hoping for some constructive criticism. But I also thought > I'd mention the points I have doubts about: > 1. Is wrapping the long lines where I have done so OK? > 2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player > to alternate players. Is there a better way? > 3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? > 4. Should more of the code be in functions? > 5. Is there a way to collapse lines 107-114: > if player == 1: # player is White > whiteMoveCounter += 1 > print "Black to make move %d" % (blackMoveCounter) > remainingWhiteTime -= timeUsedThisMove > elif player == -1: # player is Black > blackMoveCounter += 1 > print "White to make move %d" % (whiteMoveCounter) > remainingBlackTime -= timeUsedThisMove > > > Thanks, > > Dick Moores > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From lists at sandipb.net Fri Oct 26 14:55:28 2007 From: lists at sandipb.net (Sandip Bhattacharya) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 18:25:28 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] How can isfile really do what it claims Message-ID: <4721E3C0.9060509@sandipb.net> $ ls -l /usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-10-20 12:13 /usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so -> ../nss/libfreebl3.so $ python Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Oct 5 2007, 13:36:32) [GCC 4.1.3 20070929 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.2-16ubuntu2)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import os.path >>> os.path.isfile("/usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so") True >>> print os.path.isfile.__doc__ Test whether a path is a regular file Is this because isfile follows symlinks? If that is the case, how can I NOT make it do that? - Sandip From kent37 at tds.net Fri Oct 26 15:36:06 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 09:36:06 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] How can isfile really do what it claims In-Reply-To: <4721E3C0.9060509@sandipb.net> References: <4721E3C0.9060509@sandipb.net> Message-ID: <4721ED46.4060503@tds.net> Sandip Bhattacharya wrote: > $ ls -l /usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so > lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2007-10-20 12:13 /usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so -> ../nss/libfreebl3.so > > $ python > Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Oct 5 2007, 13:36:32) > [GCC 4.1.3 20070929 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.2-16ubuntu2)] on linux2 > Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>>> import os.path >>>> os.path.isfile("/usr/lib/xulrunner/libfreebl3.so") > True >>>> print os.path.isfile.__doc__ > Test whether a path is a regular file > > > Is this because isfile follows symlinks? Yes; from the full docs: isfile( path) Return True if path is an existing regular file. This follows symbolic links, so both islink() and isfile() can be true for the same path. If that is the case, > how can I NOT make it do that? def isfile(path): return not os.path.islink(path) and os.path.isfile(path) Kent From allen.fowler at yahoo.com Fri Oct 26 20:13:10 2007 From: allen.fowler at yahoo.com (Allen Fowler) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 11:13:10 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Pythonic way to "try a few times, then raise exception"? Message-ID: <32631.8789.qm@web45605.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> Hello, I have a block of code buried deep in a module that I expect to fail periodically. (Calls to other machines over slow network, and such.) Generally, though, trying it a second / third will work. Is there clean way to write this on Python? Thanks __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071026/9cb13de5/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 00:04:59 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 23:04:59 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org><20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fftoai$mf3$1@ger.gmane.org> "bhaaluu" <bhaaluu at gmail.com> wrote > I certainly think this is something that Newbies (like myself) > should learn. > But without a MS-Windows computer handy, I don't know? Is there a > place that has this information? The Module documentation tells you which platforms are supported. But its more than modules. Some functions within modules work differently (or not at all!) on different OS platforms. Anything that is OS specific like sound, video, input/output handling etc will likely have platform restrictions. However many of these differences can be avoided by using higher level toolkits like PyGame, PIL, wxWindows etc. They abstract the interfaces to a common form and hide the differences internally. But usually at the cost of some flexibility, power or resource usage(memory/speed) HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 00:17:47 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 23:17:47 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Pythonic way to "try a few times, then raise exception"? References: <32631.8789.qm@web45605.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <fftp2h$omv$1@ger.gmane.org> "Allen Fowler" <allen.fowler at yahoo.com> wrote > I have a block of code buried deep in a module > that I expect to fail periodically. > (Calls to other machines over slow network, and such.) > > Generally, though, trying it a second / third will work. > > Is there clean way to write this on Python? There was a thread on this a few days ago but I can't find it now... In general if you only have a few (eg hundreds) things to check you can run a loop inside a loop and exit it with break if it works. Pdeudo code: for item in list: for attempt in range(3): result = accessItem(item) if result == OK: break else: sleep(T) # optional pause to regroup if needed... else: logError(item) But I'm not sure if that's what you count as clean! If the volumes being processed it is usually better to gather the failures up for seondary processing after getting through the successful ones. This is a much more efficient way of handling high data volumes. HTH -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From jfabiani at yolo.com Sat Oct 27 01:44:05 2007 From: jfabiani at yolo.com (johnf) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 16:44:05 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Pythonic way to "try a few times, then raise exception"? In-Reply-To: <fftp2h$omv$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <32631.8789.qm@web45605.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> <fftp2h$omv$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <200710261644.05813.jfabiani@yolo.com> On Friday 26 October 2007 03:17:47 pm Alan Gauld wrote: > "Allen Fowler" <allen.fowler at yahoo.com> wrote > > > I have a block of code buried deep in a module > > that I expect to fail periodically. > > (Calls to other machines over slow network, and such.) > > > > Generally, though, trying it a second / third will work. > > > > Is there clean way to write this on Python? > > There was a thread on this a few days ago but I can't find it now... > > In general if you only have a few (eg hundreds) things to > check you can run a loop inside a loop and exit it with break > if it works. Pdeudo code: > > for item in list: > for attempt in range(3): > result = accessItem(item) > if result == OK: break > else: sleep(T) # optional pause to regroup if needed... > else: logError(item) > > But I'm not sure if that's what you count as clean! > > If the volumes being processed it is usually better to > gather the failures up for seondary processing after > getting through the successful ones. This is a much > more efficient way of handling high data volumes. > > HTH What about placing the "try" in a function and call the function from a loop passing the variable to check (computer name). Then each failure will not cause the app to stop processing. Use a counter in the calling procedure to the number of attempts. -- John Fabiani From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 03:39:57 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 18:39:57 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> At 05:00 AM 10/26/2007, bhaaluu wrote: >Greetings, > >On 10/26/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > > At 09:33 AM 10/25/2007, Dick Moores wrote: > > >Please give me constructive criticism of > > ><http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV6.py> > > > > Hmm. Nothing. One problem may be that only people using Windows can > > run the script. > >The first thing I saw when I looked at the code was that it was >for MS-Windows only, so I didn't waste anymore time with it. > >Recently, I ran across some code that tried MS-Windows, except >if the user wasn't running MS-Windows, it assumed they were >running some *nix variant, and loaded those modules instead. >That certainly makes code more platform independent. > >This is what it looked like: >try: > # windows or dos > import msvcrt > getkey = msvcrt.getch >except ImportError: > # assume unix > import tty, termios OK, here's a short script, which runs fine on Windows. What do I add to have it run on unix as well? #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 try: # windows or dos import msvcrt while True: if msvcrt.kbhit(): key = msvcrt.getch() if key == "h": print "Hello, World!" break print "Bye, World!" except ImportError: # assume unix import tty, termios Dick From ryu.alex at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 08:53:01 2007 From: ryu.alex at gmail.com (Alex Ryu) Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 23:53:01 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Error 403 when accessing wikipedia articles? Message-ID: <a828f96f0710262353p58b40eb9u3c5a8879af939232@mail.gmail.com> Hi all I'm trying to use python to automatically download and process a (small) number of wikipedia articles. However, I keep getting a 403 (Forbidden Error), when using urllib2: >>> import urllib2 >>> ip = urllib2.urlopen("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythonidae") which gives this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module> ip = urllib2.urlopen("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythonidae") File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 121, in urlopen return _opener.open(url, data) File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 380, in open response = meth(req, response) File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 491, in http_response 'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs) File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 418, in error return self._call_chain(*args) File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 353, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 499, in http_error_default raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp) HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: Forbidden Now, when I use urllib instead of urllib2, something different happens: >>> import urllib >>> ip2 = urllib.urlopen("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythonidae") >>> st = ip2.read() However, st does not contain the hoped-for page - instead it is a page of html and (maybe?) javascript, which ends in: >If reporting this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the following >details: \nitalic">\nRequest: GET http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki>/Pythonidae<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythonidae>, from 98.195.188.89 via sq27.wikimedia.org (squid/2.6.STABLE13) >to >() \nError: ERR_ACCESS_DENIED, errno [No Error] at Sat, 27 Oct 2007 06:45:00 >GMT\n\n</div>\n\n</body>\n</html>\n' Could anybody tell me what's going on, and what I should be doing differently? Thanks for your time Alex -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071026/ca2d70d1/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 10:13:45 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 09:13:45 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org><20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org><ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ffus00$3j6$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > OK, here's a short script, which runs fine on Windows. What do I add > to have it run on unix as well? Take a look at my Event Driven programming topic. It contains a simple key echo program using msvcrt and instructions for Linux users to convert it to use curses. >From that you should be able to create a dual platform version. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > #!/usr/bin/env python > #coding=utf-8 > > try: > # windows or dos > import msvcrt > while True: > if msvcrt.kbhit(): > key = msvcrt.getch() > if key == "h": > print "Hello, World!" > break > print "Bye, World!" > > except ImportError: > # assume unix > import tty, termios > > Dick > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 10:19:21 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 09:19:21 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Error 403 when accessing wikipedia articles? References: <a828f96f0710262353p58b40eb9u3c5a8879af939232@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffusag$4a9$1@ger.gmane.org> "Alex Ryu" <ryu.alex at gmail.com> wrote > I'm trying to use python to automatically download and process a > (small) > number of wikipedia articles. However, I keep getting a 403 > (Forbidden > Error), when using urllib2: FWIW I had a similar problem in trying to use Google to illustrate the use of urlib2 in my tutorial. It seems some wevb sites implement measures to prevent robotic access. I assume you could spoof your browsers characteristics and fool the system but I tend to take the view that if the owner doesn't like robots then I'd better respect that, so I haven't tried. All of which reminds me that I really need to finish writing that topic! :-) > File "G:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 499, in http_error_default > raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp) > HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: Forbidden > > Now, when I use urllib instead of urllib2, something different > happens: > > from 98.195.188.89 via sq27.wikimedia.org (squid/2.6.STABLE13) >to >>() \nError: ERR_ACCESS_DENIED, errno [No Error] at Sat, 27 Oct >>2007 HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 13:21:50 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 04:21:50 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <ffus00$3j6$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <ffus00$3j6$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071027112156.950AE1E4027@bag.python.org> At 01:13 AM 10/27/2007, Alan Gauld wrote: >"Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > > OK, here's a short script, which runs fine on Windows. What do I add > > to have it run on unix as well? > >Take a look at my Event Driven programming topic. It contains a >simple key echo program using msvcrt and instructions for Linux >users to convert it to use curses. > > From that you should be able to create a dual platform version. Thanks, Alan. I'll give it a try. Dick From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 13:28:41 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 04:28:41 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() Message-ID: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> I can't figure out how to test a variable n for its type. An example that is the wrong syntax, but shows what I want to do: if type(n) == 'int' or type(n) == 'long': do something elif type(n) == 'float': do something else elif type(n) == 'str': do something different What's the correct way? Thanks, Dick Moores From ricaraoz at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 13:34:58 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 08:34:58 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <47232262.6060004@bigfoot.com> Dick Moores wrote: > I can't figure out how to test a variable n for its type. > > An example that is the wrong syntax, but shows what I want to do: > > if type(n) == 'int' or type(n) == 'long': > do something > > elif type(n) == 'float': > do something else > > elif type(n) == 'str': > do something different > > What's the correct way? > Just take the quotes off : if type(n) == int or type(n) == long : HTH From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 13:41:30 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 04:41:30 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <47232262.6060004@bigfoot.com> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <47232262.6060004@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <20071027114140.557F01E400E@bag.python.org> At 04:34 AM 10/27/2007, Ricardo Ar?oz wrote: >Just take the quotes off : > >if type(n) == int or type(n) == long : Thanks. I tried a lot of things, but not that one! Dick >HTH Oh, yeah! From vvinuv at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 13:56:38 2007 From: vvinuv at gmail.com (Vinu Vikram) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:26:38 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] how to run function only for a pre-defined time Message-ID: <637563b70710270456i58dad9ear8695d7f3aeb3afb2@mail.gmail.com> Hi All Could anybody try to tell me whether it is possible to run a function only for a particular time period. In my python script I call some third party function which some time won't give results. I would like to write the script in such a way that, it will wait for the result from this function for some time, say 10 seconds, and if it fails to get any results within that time (10 seconds), the script should skip that function and stop the program. If I simplify more, how can I run an infinite loop (like in the bottom) only for 10 seconds. a=1 i=1 while a==1: print i i += 1 -- VINU VIKRAM http://iucaa.ernet.in/~vvinuv/ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/faa5b78c/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 14:03:18 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:03:18 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > if type(n) == 'int' or type(n) == 'long': > do something don't use strings if type(n) == int Or just use an instance of the same type: if type(n) == type(42) Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sat Oct 27 14:08:26 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:08:26 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] how to run function only for a pre-defined time References: <637563b70710270456i58dad9ear8695d7f3aeb3afb2@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <ffv9o1$7gd$1@ger.gmane.org> "Vinu Vikram" <vvinuv at gmail.com> wrote > Could anybody try to tell me whether it is possible to run a > function only > for a particular time period. In my python script I call some third > party > function which some time won't give results. I would like to write > the > script in such a way that, it will wait for the result from this > function > for some time, say 10 seconds, and if it fails to get any results > within > that time (10 seconds), the script should skip that function and > stop the > program. > I think you will need to use threading to launch your function in a separate thread. If the thread dopesn't end in time you can proceed in the main thread to kill the thread and exit the program. Read about Python threading here: http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/Python/PyThreads.pdf -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 14:49:40 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 14:49:40 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables Message-ID: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> I have a file sitelocations: STN_id[1]=AAA STNlat[1]=58.800000 STNlon[1]=17.400000 STNelv[1]=20 STN_id[2]=BBB STNlat[2]=42.450000 STNlon[2]=25.583333 STNelv[2]=2925 which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') sites=sitesFile.readlines() i=0; for l in sites: if i==0: STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; elif i==1: STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; elif i==2: STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; else: STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; Is there a better way?? Thanks! -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/86852af9/attachment.htm From ricaraoz at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 15:30:59 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 10:30:59 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47233D93.7000307@bigfoot.com> John wrote: > I have a file sitelocations: > > STN_id[1]=AAA > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > STNelv[1]=20 > STN_id[2]=BBB > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > STNelv[2]=2925 > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > i=0; > for l in sites: > if i==0: > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==1: > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==2: > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > else: > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > Is there a better way?? > > Thanks! > In your code you don't define your lists before appending to them, I guess that will cause an error. >From the 'file()' entry in the Python manuals : """ When opening a file, it's preferable to use open() instead of invoking this constructor directly. file is more suited to type testing (for example, writing "isinstance(f, file)"). """ This might work : # Set initial conditions STN_id = list() STNlat = list() STNlon = list() STNelv = list() LDict = dict(STN_id=STN_id, STNlat=STNlat, STNlon=STNlon, STNelv=STNelv) # Do the job for L in open('sitelocations','r') : LDict[L.split('[')[0]].append(L.split('=')[1].strip('\n')) HTH From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 15:42:43 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 19:12:43 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> You can source the file in python provided that you make it python friendly:- STN_id[1]='AAA' instead of STN_id[1]=AAA ... ----------- import re # Read the file fd = open('sitelocations') lines = fd.readlines() fd.close() # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in lines]) # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default values (assuming 0) max = 5 STN_id, STNlat, STNlon, STNelv = [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... exec(cmd) ------------------- Not sure if this is a better way :) But atleast it will make the file sitelocations order invariant - implies you can interchange the lines without breaking the logic. Caveat - list in python starts at 0 index so STN_id[1] is not the first element but the second element. But you can filter unwanted items from the list if you want as in - [ x for x in STN_id if x != 0 ] HTH Aditya On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > I have a file sitelocations: > > STN_id[1]=AAA > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > STNelv[1]=20 > STN_id[2]=BBB > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > STNelv[2]=2925 > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > i=0; > for l in sites: > if i==0: > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==1: > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==2: > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > else: > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > Is there a better way?? > > Thanks! > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4, > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51)], > PIL 1.1.6 > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > /listinfo/tutor <http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > > -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/6ee46d87/attachment-0001.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 15:52:25 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 19:22:25 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <5df213700710270652i1c38571bl4a85edcfa54af977@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote: > > > "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > > if type(n) == 'int' or type(n) == 'long': > > do something > > don't use strings > > if type(n) == int > > Or just use an instance of the same type: > > if type(n) == type(42) > > Alan G. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > or use types module import types if type(n) == types.IntType or type(n) == types.LongType : blah! this comes handy especially for some unique conditions - like whether the function passed is a generator or a normal function (well I kinda had this problem ... :) ) ex. if type(f) == types.GeneratorType or type(f) == types.lambdaType : same blah! -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/5a11d464/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 15:53:48 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 15:53:48 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> Thanks! This is helpful.. I like the RE approach as it's conceivable to write a function... On 10/27/07, Aditya Lal <aditya.n.lal at gmail.com> wrote: > > You can source the file in python provided that you make it python > friendly:- > > STN_id[1]='AAA' instead of STN_id[1]=AAA > ... > > > ----------- > import re > # Read the file > fd = open('sitelocations') > lines = fd.readlines() > fd.close() > > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > lines]) > > > # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default values > (assuming 0) > max = 5 > STN_id, STNlat, STNlon, STNelv = [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max > > > # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... > exec(cmd) > > > ------------------- > Not sure if this is a better way :) But atleast it will make the file > sitelocations order invariant - implies you can interchange the lines > without breaking the logic. > > > Caveat - list in python starts at 0 index so STN_id[1] is not the first > element but the second element. But you can filter unwanted items from the > list if you want as in - > [ x for x in STN_id if x != 0 ] > > > HTH > Aditya > > On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > > I have a file sitelocations: > > > > STN_id[1]=AAA > > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > > STNelv[1]=20 > > STN_id[2]=BBB > > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > > STNelv[2]=2925 > > > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: > > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > > i=0; > > for l in sites: > > if i==0: > > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > elif i==1: > > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > elif i==2: > > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > else: > > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > > > Is there a better way?? > > > > Thanks! > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Configuration > > `````````````````````````` > > Plone 2.5.3-final, > > CMF-1.6.4, > > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > > Five 1.4.1, > > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > > 4.1.1-51)], > > PIL 1.1.6 > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > > /listinfo/tutor <http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > > > > > > > -- > Aditya > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/535d5a0c/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 16:13:19 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 16:13:19 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> Ok, so trying to convert it to a function: def source(ifile, *args): """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input. assumes, source file has variables in format: VAR[i]=variable """ import re # Read the file lines = fd.readlines() fd.close() # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in lines]) # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default IM STUCK HERE... HOW DO I DYNAMICALLY CONVERT THE LIST OF VARIABLE NAMES TO VARIABLES OF TYPE LIST # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... exec(cmd) Thanks, > Thanks! This is helpful.. I like the RE approach as it's conceivable to > write a function... > > On 10/27/07, Aditya Lal <aditya.n.lal at gmail.com> wrote: > > > > You can source the file in python provided that you make it python > > friendly:- > > > > STN_id[1]='AAA' instead of STN_id[1]=AAA > > ... > > > > > > ----------- > > import re > > # Read the file > > fd = open('sitelocations') > > lines = fd.readlines() > > fd.close() > > > > > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > > lines]) > > > > > > # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default values > > (assuming 0) > > max = 5 > > STN_id, STNlat, STNlon, STNelv = [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max > > > > > > # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... > > exec(cmd) > > > > > > ------------------- > > Not sure if this is a better way :) But atleast it will make the file > > sitelocations order invariant - implies you can interchange the lines > > without breaking the logic. > > > > > > Caveat - list in python starts at 0 index so STN_id[1] is not the first > > element but the second element. But you can filter unwanted items from the > > list if you want as in - > > [ x for x in STN_id if x != 0 ] > > > > > > HTH > > Aditya > > > > On 10/27/07, John < washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > > > > I have a file sitelocations: > > > > > > STN_id[1]=AAA > > > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > > > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > > > STNelv[1]=20 > > > STN_id[2]=BBB > > > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > > > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > > > STNelv[2]=2925 > > > > > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: > > > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > > > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > > > i=0; > > > for l in sites: > > > if i==0: > > > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > elif i==1: > > > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > elif i==2: > > > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > else: > > > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > > > > > Is there a better way?? > > > > > > Thanks! > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > Configuration > > > `````````````````````````` > > > Plone 2.5.3-final, > > > CMF-1.6.4, > > > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > > > Five 1.4.1, > > > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > > > 4.1.1-51)], > > > PIL 1.1.6 > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > > > http://mail.python.org/mailman<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor>/listinfo/tutor<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Aditya > > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4 , > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51)], > PIL 1.1.6 > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/fb1e8e34/attachment.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 16:51:09 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 20:21:09 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > Ok, so trying to convert it to a function: > > def source(ifile, *args): > """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input. > assumes, source file has variables in format: > VAR[i]=variable """ > > import re > # Read the file > lines = fd.readlines() > fd.close() > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v > in lines]) > > # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default > IM STUCK HERE... HOW DO I DYNAMICALLY CONVERT THE LIST OF VARIABLE NAMES > TO VARIABLES OF TYPE LIST > > # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... > exec(cmd) > > > Thanks, > > > > > > > Thanks! This is helpful.. I like the RE approach as it's conceivable to > > write a function... > > > > On 10/27/07, Aditya Lal <aditya.n.lal at gmail.com > wrote: > > > > > > You can source the file in python provided that you make it python > > > friendly:- > > > > > > STN_id[1]='AAA' instead of STN_id[1]=AAA > > > ... > > > > > > > > > ----------- > > > import re > > > # Read the file > > > fd = open('sitelocations') > > > lines = fd.readlines() > > > fd.close() > > > > > > > > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > > > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > > > lines]) > > > > > > > > > # Create variables as list of appropriate size with default values > > > (assuming 0) > > > max = 5 > > > STN_id, STNlat, STNlon, STNelv = [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max, [0]*max > > > > > > > > > # Execute the command and all your variables are populated ... > > > exec(cmd) > > > > > > > > > ------------------- > > > Not sure if this is a better way :) But atleast it will make the file > > > sitelocations order invariant - implies you can interchange the lines > > > without breaking the logic. > > > > > > > > > Caveat - list in python starts at 0 index so STN_id[1] is not the > > > first element but the second element. But you can filter unwanted items from > > > the list if you want as in - > > > [ x for x in STN_id if x != 0 ] > > > > > > > > > HTH > > > Aditya > > > > > > On 10/27/07, John < washakie at gmail.com > wrote: > > > > > > > I have a file sitelocations: > > > > > > > > STN_id[1]=AAA > > > > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > > > > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > > > > STNelv[1]=20 > > > > STN_id[2]=BBB > > > > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > > > > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > > > > STNelv[2]=2925 > > > > > > > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. In Python I have to: > > > > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > > > > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > > > > i=0; > > > > for l in sites: > > > > if i==0: > > > > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > > elif i==1: > > > > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > > elif i==2: > > > > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > > > > else: > > > > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > > > > > > > Is there a better way?? > > > > > > > > Thanks! > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > > Configuration > > > > `````````````````````````` > > > > Plone 2.5.3-final, > > > > CMF-1.6.4, > > > > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > > > > Five 1.4.1, > > > > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > > > > 4.1.1-51)], > > > > PIL 1.1.6 > > > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > > > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > > > > http://mail.python.org/mailman<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor>/listinfo/tutor<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > Aditya > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Configuration > > `````````````````````````` > > Plone 2.5.3-final, > > CMF-1.6.4 , > > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > > Five 1.4.1, > > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > > 4.1.1-51)], > > PIL 1.1.6 > > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4, > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51 )], > PIL 1.1.6 > Are you saying you don't know the name of the variables, eh ? For any access you *must* know the name of the variable somewhere in the program anyway. Frankly I feel its a lot simpler to just modify the file 'sitelocations' to make it python friendly and import it in the program - thats what I typically do for most of my code generation programs. Anyway, for dynamically defining the variables you can do the following (untested) : for line in open('sitelocations').readlines() : nline = re.sub(r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1 = '\2'", line) try : exec(nline) except NameError : # define variable name vname = nline.split('=')[0] exec( 'global ' + vname + ';' + vname + ' = [0]*5') # to make it visible globally and set default value exec(nline) -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/cca803be/attachment-0001.htm From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 17:06:02 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 08:06:02 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement Message-ID: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> Win XP, Python 2.5.1 ======================== #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 n = 10000000000 # 10 billion print "type of 10 billion is", type(n) n = 1000000000 # 1 billion print "type of 1 billion is", type(n) raw_input("press enter to continue") n = 10000000000 print type(n) while True: if type(n) == long: n -= 1000000 print n, type(n) else: break print n print type(n), 'HERE' ========================== As an exercise in using type() I was thinking I could use it to begin to find where (without looking it up) a long becomes an int. I show that the boundary is somewhere between 10 billion and 1 billion. But the above script never ends--never gets to 'HERE'. Here's part of the output: 6000000 <type 'long'> 5000000 <type 'long'> 4000000 <type 'long'> 3000000 <type 'long'> 2000000 <type 'long'> 1000000 <type 'long'> 0 <type 'long'> -1000000 <type 'long'> -2000000 <type 'long'> -3000000 <type 'long'> -4000000 <type 'long'> -5000000 <type 'long'> -6000000 <type 'long'> Note that it shows even 1 million and 0 to be longs, whereas >>> type(1000000) <type 'int'> >>> type(0) <type 'int'> >>> What's going on? Thanks, Dick Moores From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 17:23:41 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:23:41 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> The problem is the infies are also being used in a shell scripted environment, they are frequently updated and cannot be changed. So ideadly I could just define a function which sourced the file, assuming the variable names passed in the *args list. So, yes, I know the names, they just haven't been set in the program. I would like the source program to then define them. My re is not so great, but I'm assuming the statement here: cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in lines]) assumes the pattern VAR[i]=variable , and then makes it Python friendly. So it would look like: my_source(fid,['STN_id','STNlat','STNlon','STNelv']) then in the program, before exec(cmd) the *args list has to be converted into empy lists, preparing it for the cmd. Does that make sense?? Thanks! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/47633bf5/attachment.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 17:33:47 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 21:03:47 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > The problem is the infies are also being used in a shell scripted > environment, they are frequently updated and cannot be changed. > > So ideadly I could just define a function which sourced the file, assuming > the variable names passed in the *args list. So, yes, I know the names, they > just haven't been set in the program. I would like the source program to > then define them. My re is not so great, but I'm assuming the statement > here: > > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > lines]) > > assumes the pattern VAR[i]=variable , and then makes it Python friendly. > > So it would look like: > > my_source(fid,['STN_id','STNlat','STNlon','STNelv']) > > then in the program, before exec(cmd) the *args list has to be converted > into empy lists, preparing it for the cmd. Does that make sense?? > > Thanks! > > the re expression just changes "lvalue=rvalue" to "lvalue='rvalue'". It doesn't know whether lvalue is array or something else. Anyway, you can initialize the variables as follows - for v in ['STN_id', ... ] : exec( 'global %s ; %s = [0]*5' % (v, v)) Unfortunately these variable need to be made global for them to be visible everywhere. HTH Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/f2728fa3/attachment.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 17:39:33 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 21:09:33 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > > Win XP, Python 2.5.1 > > ======================== > #!/usr/bin/env python > #coding=utf-8 > > n = 10000000000 # 10 billion > print "type of 10 billion is", type(n) > n = 1000000000 # 1 billion > print "type of 1 billion is", type(n) > > raw_input("press enter to continue") > > n = 10000000000 > print type(n) > while True: > if type(n) == long: > n -= 1000000 > print n, type(n) > else: > break > print n > print type(n), 'HERE' > ========================== > > As an exercise in using type() I was thinking I could use it to begin > to find where (without looking it up) a long becomes an int. I show > that the boundary is somewhere between 10 billion and 1 billion. But > the above script never ends--never gets to 'HERE'. > > Here's part of the output: > > 6000000 <type 'long'> > 5000000 <type 'long'> > 4000000 <type 'long'> > 3000000 <type 'long'> > 2000000 <type 'long'> > 1000000 <type 'long'> > 0 <type 'long'> > -1000000 <type 'long'> > -2000000 <type 'long'> > -3000000 <type 'long'> > -4000000 <type 'long'> > -5000000 <type 'long'> > -6000000 <type 'long'> > > Note that it shows even 1 million and 0 to be longs, whereas > >>> type(1000000) > <type 'int'> > >>> type(0) > <type 'int'> > >>> > > What's going on? > > Thanks, > > Dick Moores > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > Hi Dick, I would expect that a type change will happen if there is a need. Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted to int to accommodate something small. I changed your program to increase from 1B to 10B and the results are as expected :) <snip> - your old code n = 1000000000 # 1 billion print type(n) while n < 10000000000 : # 10 billion if type(n) == int: n += 1000000 print n, type(n) else : break <snip> - your old code HTH Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/92818315/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 18:12:43 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:12:43 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710270912i1d677294j35f0f23059ac656f@mail.gmail.com> Here's where I am: def source(filename, vList): """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input """ import re # Read the file fid=open(filename,'r') lines = fid.readlines() fid.close() #how many variables ns=len(lines)/len(vList) #predefine the varibles for v in vList: exec( 'global %s ; %s = [0]*(ns+1)' % (v, v)) # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in lines]) exec(cmd) for v in vList: exec( '%s=%s[1:]' % (v,v)) source('infile.py',['files','nfiles','nreleases']) print files print nreleases print nfiles But oddly, my output is: [0, 'ASP_200603', 'ASP_200604', 'ASP_200605'] [0, '248', '240', '248'] [0, '3', '3', '3'] So, I am not properly getting rid of the list[0], is it something with the 'global' nature of the vairables... it looks like it's only changing locallly in my source function. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/7e06c657/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 18:15:14 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:15:14 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270912i1d677294j35f0f23059ac656f@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270912i1d677294j35f0f23059ac656f@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710270915g57543fddubf9ae909485b2ef1@mail.gmail.com> Note, i need the ns+1 because the 'source files are not zero indexed. On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > Here's where I am: > > > def source(filename, vList): > """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input """ > import re > # Read the file > fid=open(filename,'r') > lines = fid.readlines() > fid.close() > #how many variables > ns=len(lines)/len(vList) > #predefine the varibles > for v in vList: > exec( 'global %s ; %s = [0]*(ns+1)' % (v, v)) > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > lines]) > exec(cmd) > for v in vList: > exec( '%s=%s[1:]' % (v,v)) > > source('infile.py',['files','nfiles','nreleases']) > > print files > print nreleases > print nfiles > > > > But oddly, my output is: > > [0, 'ASP_200603', 'ASP_200604', 'ASP_200605'] > [0, '248', '240', '248'] > [0, '3', '3', '3'] > > > > So, I am not properly getting rid of the list[0], is it something with the > 'global' nature of the vairables... it looks like it's only changing > locallly in my source function. > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/26767751/attachment-0001.htm From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 18:52:59 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 09:52:59 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com > References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> At 08:39 AM 10/27/2007, Aditya Lal wrote: >I would expect that a type change will happen if there is a need. Hey, I HAD a need! OK, a made-up one. > Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted > to int to accommodate something small. And that's not a bug? >I changed your program to increase from 1B to 10B and the results >are as expected :) > ><snip> - your old code > >n = 1000000000 # 1 billion >print type(n) >while n < 10000000000 : # 10 billion > if type(n) == int: > n += 1000000 > print n, type(n) > else : > break > ><snip> - your old code Thanks, Aditya. Successively using greater and greater ints, and augmenting n by smaller and smaller amounts, I used finally n = 2147483000 print n, type(n) while n < 10000000000 : # 10 billion if type(n) == int: n += 1 else: print n, type(n) break outputs 2147483000 <type 'int'> 2147483648 <type 'long'> And then I can show this: >>> type(2147483648) <type 'long'> >>> type(2147483647) <type 'int'> >>> So the largest int is 2147483647, or 2**31 - 1. (I know this is all obvious to most, but I still get a kick out of doing it.) Dick From sli1que at yahoo.com Sat Oct 27 18:55:05 2007 From: sli1que at yahoo.com (Eric Walker) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 09:55:05 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] system call Message-ID: <456243.62506.qm@web60122.mail.yahoo.com> Hello, I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program to stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have any examples of doing this? Thanks Python Newbie __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/0b2aacc7/attachment.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 19:16:24 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 22:46:24 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710270915g57543fddubf9ae909485b2ef1@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270912i1d677294j35f0f23059ac656f@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270915g57543fddubf9ae909485b2ef1@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5df213700710271016i31627a76n16231d0300672065@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > Note, i need the ns+1 because the 'source files are not zero indexed. > > On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com > wrote: > > > > Here's where I am: > > > > > > def source(filename, vList): > > """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input """ > > import re > > # Read the file > > fid=open(filename,'r') > > lines = fid.readlines() > > fid.close() > > #how many variables > > ns=len(lines)/len(vList) > > #predefine the varibles > > for v in vList: > > exec( 'global %s ; %s = [0]*(ns+1)' % (v, v)) > > > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > > lines]) > > exec(cmd) > > for v in vList: > > exec( '%s=%s[1:]' % (v,v)) > > > > source('infile.py',['files','nfiles','nreleases']) > > > > print files > > print nreleases > > print nfiles > > > > > > > > But oddly, my output is: > > > > [0, 'ASP_200603', 'ASP_200604', 'ASP_200605'] > > [0, '248', '240', '248'] > > [0, '3', '3', '3'] > > > > > > > > So, I am not properly getting rid of the list[0], is it something with > > the 'global' nature of the vairables... it looks like it's only changing > > locallly in my source function. > > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4, > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51)], > PIL 1.1.6 > I think you need to define the variable global again otherwise it will re-assign the object in local space. exec( "global %s ; %s = %s[1:]" % (v,v,v) ) -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/073fcfd9/attachment.htm From jeff at drinktomi.com Sat Oct 27 19:27:24 2007 From: jeff at drinktomi.com (Jeff Younker) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 13:27:24 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <AC661A13-6DA9-48C6-A602-2BC564A2949A@drinktomi.com> On Oct 27, 2007, at 12:52 PM, Dick Moores wrote: > At 08:39 AM 10/27/2007, Aditya Lal wrote: >> Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted >> to int to accommodate something small. > > And that's not a bug? There is no need for a type change to represent zero, so, no, that's not a bug. -jeff From rdm at rcblue.com Sat Oct 27 19:48:11 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 10:48:11 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <AC661A13-6DA9-48C6-A602-2BC564A2949A@drinktomi.com> References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> <AC661A13-6DA9-48C6-A602-2BC564A2949A@drinktomi.com> Message-ID: <20071027174817.E84E31E4015@bag.python.org> At 10:27 AM 10/27/2007, Jeff Younker wrote: >On Oct 27, 2007, at 12:52 PM, Dick Moores wrote: >>At 08:39 AM 10/27/2007, Aditya Lal wrote: >>> Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted >>>to int to accommodate something small. >> >>And that's not a bug? > >There is no need for a type change to represent zero, so, no, that's >not a bug. I think I was referring to something like 1000000. And then there's 2**32-1. Dick From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 19:57:44 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 19:57:44 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <5df213700710271016i31627a76n16231d0300672065@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270642n20794cbcj572d990922c51da9@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270653q2d47bfafob106a3003d1e41bb@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270713m23e3116gaeb5ba9944dd6e4a@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270751u78e3c8f7x4ffde427444e25a4@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270823k5625f671ye00f2d206e53e75c@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270833s380df440h3dc6f939faa3631a@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270912i1d677294j35f0f23059ac656f@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710270915g57543fddubf9ae909485b2ef1@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710271016i31627a76n16231d0300672065@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710271057p2f9368cdx8e57fda41cac9a62@mail.gmail.com> Thanks, it's strange, it works within a script defined at the top, but if I try to import it from a module it fails: NameError: name 'files' is not defined On 10/27/07, Aditya Lal <aditya.n.lal at gmail.com> wrote: > > > > On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > > > Note, i need the ns+1 because the 'source files are not zero indexed. > > > > On 10/27/07, John <washakie at gmail.com > wrote: > > > > > > Here's where I am: > > > > > > > > > def source(filename, vList): > > > """ takes a file object and a list of variables as input """ > > > import re > > > # Read the file > > > fid=open(filename,'r') > > > lines = fid.readlines() > > > fid.close() > > > #how many variables > > > ns=len(lines)/len(vList) > > > #predefine the varibles > > > for v in vList: > > > exec( 'global %s ; %s = [0]*(ns+1)' % (v, v)) > > > > > > # Make it python friendly: put all values in 'single quotes' > > > cmd = '\n'.join([re.sub( r'^([^=]+)=(.*)$', r"\1='\2'", v) for v in > > > lines]) > > > exec(cmd) > > > for v in vList: > > > exec( '%s=%s[1:]' % (v,v)) > > > > > > source('infile.py',['files','nfiles','nreleases']) > > > > > > print files > > > print nreleases > > > print nfiles > > > > > > > > > > > > But oddly, my output is: > > > > > > [0, 'ASP_200603', 'ASP_200604', 'ASP_200605'] > > > [0, '248', '240', '248'] > > > [0, '3', '3', '3'] > > > > > > > > > > > > So, I am not properly getting rid of the list[0], is it something with > > > the 'global' nature of the vairables... it looks like it's only changing > > > locallly in my source function. > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Configuration > > `````````````````````````` > > Plone 2.5.3-final, > > CMF-1.6.4, > > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > > Five 1.4.1, > > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > > 4.1.1-51)], > > PIL 1.1.6 > > > > I think you need to define the variable global again otherwise it will > re-assign the object in local space. > > exec( "global %s ; %s = %s[1:]" % (v,v,v) ) > > -- > Aditya > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/0aa268d0/attachment.htm From sli1que at yahoo.com Sat Oct 27 20:34:25 2007 From: sli1que at yahoo.com (Eric Walker) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 11:34:25 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] system call Message-ID: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> disregard this one. I found the answer. I was using spawn instead of os.system. Thanks. ----- Original Message ---- From: Eric Walker <sli1que at yahoo.com> To: tutor at python.org Sent: Saturday, October 27, 2007 9:55:05 AM Subject: [Tutor] system call Hello, I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program to stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have any examples of doing this? Thanks Python Newbie __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/dc35cca9/attachment-0001.htm From dkuhlman at rexx.com Sat Oct 27 20:34:56 2007 From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 11:34:56 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071027183456.GA7586@cutter.rexx.com> On Sat, Oct 27, 2007 at 01:03:18PM +0100, Alan Gauld wrote: > > "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > > if type(n) == 'int' or type(n) == 'long': > > do something > > don't use strings > > if type(n) == int > > Or just use an instance of the same type: > > if type(n) == type(42) Calling type(n) for any integer seems to return the same object. I checked with id(). So, should we be using: if type(n) is type(42) or, as suggested by Aditya Lal in another message in this thread: import types if type(n) is types.IntType Or, is this a frivolous question that makes no difference? Dave > > Alan G. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor -- Dave Kuhlman http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 21:47:14 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 12:47:14 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] about Tix In-Reply-To: <ffs77h$3e2$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <1d987df30710251948h2f2d4fbbtb94bafb0c2e01ec2@mail.gmail.com> <ffs77h$3e2$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <1d987df30710271247v2149c962g42774f9c68af635b@mail.gmail.com> On 10/26/07, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote: > Linda, > > >I run the following code in Python 2.5 and got the error (when I do > > "import Tix", no error). > > Congratulations I think this might just be the first Tix question > on the tutor list! :-) > > > Traceback (most recent call last): > > File "2.py", line 54, in <module> > > tkRoot = Tix.Tk( ) > > File > > "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/lib-tk/Tix.py", > > line 210, in __init__ > > self.tk.eval('package require Tix') > > _tkinter.TclError: can't find package Tix > > This looks to me like the Tix DLL hasn't been installed or it's > installed in a folder where it can''t be found. The Tix module > is just a wrapper round the Tix DLL so you need both. > I wonder where should I install Tix DLL (I just did the install on my desktop). Thanks, Linda From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 21:52:25 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 12:52:25 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] position Message-ID: <1d987df30710271252j4cf0239fhe7399c79ec11cfd4@mail.gmail.com> I have a string a= "qq,eee,rrr". >>> a.index(",") 2 It is the position of the first "," in a. Is that possible to find the Nth "," in a if a is a very long string and I need know the position of the Nth ","? Thanks, Linda From washakie at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 22:08:38 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 22:08:38 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] system call In-Reply-To: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> References: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> I have the exact same situation, but system doesn't seem to wait. Here is my pseudo code: for i in attempts: #attempts holds strings of shellscripts cmd="%s which runs many different shell scripts and takes about an hour" % (i) os.system(cmd) #debugging print "Finished with %s" % (i) raw_input("More debugging, shouldn't see this until shell scripts are finished!") But it prints the print statement and waits for raw_input instantly... Any thoughts? On 10/27/07, Eric Walker <sli1que at yahoo.com> wrote: > > disregard this one. I found the answer. I was using spawn instead of > os.system. > > Thanks. > > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Eric Walker <sli1que at yahoo.com> > To: tutor at python.org > Sent: Saturday, October 27, 2007 9:55:05 AM > Subject: [Tutor] system call > > Hello, > I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program to stop > and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have any examples of > doing this? > > Thanks > Python Newbie > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/a65b6a2c/attachment.htm From jtp at nc.rr.com Sat Oct 27 22:20:59 2007 From: jtp at nc.rr.com (James) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 16:20:59 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] system call In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> References: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <FBC34CF6-2074-402F-84D5-60A1AA9B87E3@nc.rr.com> How about using subprocess.Popen( ... ).wait()? I believe subprocess.call() will wait until the process is finished, too. The subprocess module is meant to replace spawn, popen2, os.system() etc. if I'm not mistaken. Take a look at this excellent resource I've used numerous times: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0324/ Hope this helps. .james :) On Oct 27, 2007, at 4:08 PM, John wrote: > I have the exact same situation, but system doesn't seem to wait. > Here is my pseudo code: > > for i in attempts: #attempts holds strings of shellscripts > cmd="%s which runs many different shell scripts and takes > about an hour" % (i) > os.system(cmd) > #debugging > print "Finished with %s" % (i) > raw_input("More debugging, shouldn't see this until shell > scripts are finished!") > > > But it prints the print statement and waits for raw_input > instantly... Any thoughts? > > > > On 10/27/07, Eric Walker <sli1que at yahoo.com> wrote: > disregard this one. I found the answer. I was using spawn instead > of os.system. > > Thanks. > > > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Eric Walker < sli1que at yahoo.com> > To: tutor at python.org > Sent: Saturday, October 27, 2007 9:55:05 AM > Subject: [Tutor] system call > > Hello, > I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program to > stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have any > examples of doing this? > > Thanks > Python Newbie > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4, > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51)], > PIL 1.1.6 _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From ricaraoz at gmail.com Sat Oct 27 23:16:33 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:16:33 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] system call In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> References: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4723AAB1.2000606@bigfoot.com> John wrote: > I have the exact same situation, but system doesn't seem to wait. Here > is my pseudo code: > > for i in attempts: #attempts holds strings of shellscripts > cmd="%s which runs many different shell scripts and takes about > an hour" % (i) > os.system(cmd) > #debugging > print "Finished with %s" % (i) > raw_input("More debugging, shouldn't see this until shell > scripts are finished!") > > > But it prints the print statement and waits for raw_input instantly... > Any thoughts? > Have you tried os.spawnl(...) with mode os.P_WAIT ? > > > On 10/27/07, *Eric Walker* <sli1que at yahoo.com > <mailto:sli1que at yahoo.com>> wrote: > > disregard this one. I found the answer. I was using spawn instead > of os.system. > > Thanks. > > > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Eric Walker < sli1que at yahoo.com <mailto:sli1que at yahoo.com>> > To: tutor at python.org <mailto:tutor at python.org> > Sent: Saturday, October 27, 2007 9:55:05 AM > Subject: [Tutor] system call > > Hello, > I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program to > stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have any > examples of doing this? > From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 00:54:09 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 23:54:09 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg0fio$i8u$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote >I have a file sitelocations: > > STN_id[1]=AAA > STNlat[1]=58.800000 > STNlon[1]=17.400000 > STNelv[1]=20 > STN_id[2]=BBB > STNlat[2]=42.450000 > STNlon[2]=25.583333 > STNelv[2]=2925 > > which in shell scripts I can simple 'source'. > In Python I have to: > sitesFile=file('sitelocations','r') > sites=sitesFile.readlines() > i=0; > for l in sites: > if i==0: > STN_id.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==1: > STNlat.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > elif i==2: > STNlon.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i+=1; > else: > STNelv.append(l.split('=')[1].strip('\n')); i=0; > > Is there a better way?? Yes, use the file as an iterator: sitesFile = open('sitelocations','r') for line in sitesFile: STN_id.append(line.split('=')[1]) line = sitesFile.next().strip() STNlat.append(line.split('=')[1]) line = sitesFile.next().strip() STNlon.append(line.split('=')[1]) line = sitesFile.next().strip() STNelv.append(line.split('=')[1]) No need for messy regex or unsafe exec. The dictionary solution is potentially safer still however since it eliminates the line order dependancy. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 00:57:56 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 23:57:56 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org><ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> <20071027183456.GA7586@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <fg0fpr$ird$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dave Kuhlman" <dkuhlman at rexx.com> wrote > Calling type(n) for any integer seems to return the same object. > I checked with id(). I would hope so since they are all of the same type. It thus makes sense that they all return a reference to the same type object. > So, should we be using: > > if type(n) is type(42) You could, it shouldn't make any difference in this context. > or, as suggested by Aditya Lal in another message in this thread: > > import types > > if type(n) is types.IntType > > Or, is this a frivolous question that makes no difference? 'is' or == can make a difference in some cases but I don't think this is one of them. Alan G From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:03:06 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:03:06 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <fg0g3h$jkj$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > n = 10000000000 You start with n as a long. > print type(n) > while True: > if type(n) == long: > n -= 1000000 A long minus an int gives a long: >>> n = long(42) >>> n 42L >>> n - 3 39L So n never changes into an int even though it is within the range of an int. HTH, Alan G From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:09:35 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:09:35 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] system call References: <456243.62506.qm@web60122.mail.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <fg0gfm$kgd$1@ger.gmane.org> "Eric Walker" <sli1que at yahoo.com> wrote > I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program > to stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have > any examples of doing this? There are several ways to do it depending on what exactly you are trying to do. We need a bit more detail. If the "timing script" is an externalo program then if you run it using os.system() your code will wait(ie block) until system() returms - which is when the program executed exits. However os.system() is a bit of a blunt tool and often not the best solution. If we know what the real problem is we might do better. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:12:46 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:12:46 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] system call References: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg0gll$ksv$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > for i in attempts: #attempts holds strings of shellscripts > cmd="%s which runs many different shell scripts and takes > about an > hour" % (i) > os.system(cmd) > #debugging > print "Finished with %s" % (i) > raw_input("More debugging, shouldn't see this until shell > scripts > are finished!") > > > But it prints the print statement and waits for raw_input > instantly... Any > thoughts? Have you checked the return code from system is zero - ie successfuil execution? If there is an error in your command string (or you have set the command to execute in the backgrouynd with &) the system call will return immediately with an error. Also I assume your cmd is not really like the one above which would always give an error! HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:06:11 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:06:11 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org><5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com > <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <fg0g9b$k0a$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote >> Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted >> to int to accommodate something small. > > And that's not a bug? No its expected behaviour. If you start with a float and add an integer the result is a float. Why should long act any different? >>> n = 4.0 >>> n + 2 6.0 > So the largest int is 2147483647, or 2**31 - 1. > (I know this is all obvious to most, but I still get a kick out of > doing it.) Yep, exactly what sys.maxint tells you. ;-) >>> import sys >>> sys.maxint 2147483647 >>> HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:20:27 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:20:27 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] position References: <1d987df30710271252j4cf0239fhe7399c79ec11cfd4@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg0h42$ltt$1@ger.gmane.org> "linda.s" <samrobertsmith at gmail.com> wrote >I have a string a= "qq,eee,rrr". >>>> a.index(",") > 2 > It is the position of the first "," in a. > Is that possible to find the Nth "," in a if a is a very long string > and I need know the position of the Nth ","? Yes but not directly. index takes a couple of optional parameters S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int So by repeating the index call in a loop using the previous index as youur start position you an get it untested pseudo code def nth_index(aString, aChar, N): n = 0 for i in range(N): n = aString.index(aChar, n) return n This should return the Nth index value or raise a ValueError if less than N occurences exist HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 01:25:14 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (ALAN GAULD) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 23:25:14 +0000 (GMT) Subject: [Tutor] about Tix Message-ID: <587858.31005.qm@web86703.mail.ird.yahoo.com> > This looks to me like the Tix DLL hasn't been installed or it's > installed in a folder where it can''t be found. The Tix module > is just a wrapper round the Tix DLL so you need both. > > I wonder where should I install Tix DLL I'd look for the other DLLs in the Python tree or alternatively put it in Windows\System32 which is rthe default place Windows looks for DLLs... BTW If that doesn't work pull it out again or it will clutter up the system32 directory forever more! Alan G. From rdm at rcblue.com Sun Oct 28 01:47:19 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 16:47:19 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <20071027183456.GA7586@cutter.rexx.com> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> <20071027183456.GA7586@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <20071027234729.8B3311E4010@bag.python.org> At 11:34 AM 10/27/2007, Dave Kuhlman wrote: >On Sat, Oct 27, 2007 at 01:03:18PM +0100, Alan Gauld wrote: > > > if type(n) == int > > > > Or just use an instance of the same type: > > > > if type(n) == type(42) > >Calling type(n) for any integer seems to return the same object. >I checked with id(). > >So, should we be using: > > if type(n) is type(42) > >or, as suggested by Aditya Lal in another message in this thread: > > import types > > if type(n) is types.IntType > >Or, is this a frivolous question that makes no difference? I don't know. But lets see. We know this: >>> type(2147483648) <type 'long'> >>> type(2147483647) <type 'int'> >>> Let's try: ===================== #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 n = 2147483650 print n, type(n) print while n > 2147483645: if type(n) == type(10000000000): n -= 1 print n, type(n) else: break print print n, type(n) =================== This outputs 2147483650 <type 'long'> 2147483649 <type 'long'> 2147483648 <type 'long'> 2147483647 <type 'long'> 2147483646 <type 'long'> 2147483645 <type 'long'> 2147483645 <type 'long'> And also try: ===================== #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import types n = 2147483650 print n, type(n) print while n > 2147483645: if type(n) is types.LongType: n -= 1 print n, type(n) else: break print print n, type(n) ========================== which outputs 2147483650 <type 'long'> 2147483649 <type 'long'> 2147483648 <type 'long'> 2147483647 <type 'long'> 2147483646 <type 'long'> 2147483645 <type 'long'> 2147483645 <type 'long'> Dick From david at boddie.org.uk Sun Oct 28 00:39:58 2007 From: david at boddie.org.uk (David Boddie) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 00:39:58 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] underlying C/C++ object has been deleted Message-ID: <200710280039.59571.david@boddie.org.uk> On Thu Oct 25 06:45:38 CEST 2007, Lawrence Shafer wrote: > I am trying to convert a program with hand coded QT over to using UI > files from QT Designer. I am getting the error below and do not > understand what's going on. This error occurs when an object referred to by Python and Qt is deleted by Qt (i.e, on the C++ side), leaving a dangling reference on the Python side. There is another common error people make with this that occurs when a QObject subclass isn't initialized properly, but I don't think that this is the case here. > I have a feeling I need to add self. to > something in here, but I'm not sure what. Adding self may not help, but it depends on the exact problem. > Is this enough code for you to > see whats going on?? If not I can upload the project somewhere. Thanks, > Lawrence > > The error, > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "atf.py", line 113, in on_actionOpen_triggered > self.open() > File "atf.py", line 56, in open > if self.isUntitled and self.textBrowser.document().isEmpty() and not > self.isWindowModified(): > RuntimeError: underlying C/C++ object has been deleted It's difficult to know what went wrong without being able to experiment with the code to determine exactly which object has been deleted, and the file you referred to in your later message doesn't contain the code that this traceback refers to, so it's a little difficult to diagnose the problem. However, as you suggest, it seems that you're doing some strange things with the .ui file. In your class's __init__() method, you first call the init() method, in which you create a QTextBrowser widget and set it as the central widget of your QMainWindow subclass: def init(self): self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_DeleteOnClose) self.isUntitled = True self.textBrowser = QtGui.QTextBrowser() self.setCentralWidget(self.textBrowser) self.connect(self.textBrowser.document(), QtCore.SIGNAL("contentsChanged()"), self.documentWasModified) What implicitly happens here is that the QMainWindow takes ownership of the QTextBrowser on the C++ side. Then, after doing that, you instantiate the Ui_mainWindow class which was created using Qt Designer and set up its user interface within your QMainWindow subclass: self.ui = Ui_mainWindow() self.ui.setupUi(self) Since the user interface defined in this class will almost certainly contain a central widget of its own, your original central widget will be replaced and, since it is being maintained on the C++ side, it will be deleted. This means that you are left with a reference to a deleted object (self.textBrowser) and the signal-slot connection you made in init() will have been broken. The solution to this is to set up the QTextBrowser using Qt Designer. Just drag it into the central area of the main window and apply a layout. Hope this helps, David From rdm at rcblue.com Sun Oct 28 02:14:48 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 17:14:48 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <fg0g9b$k0a$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com > <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> <fg0g9b$k0a$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071028001452.BF1D91E405A@bag.python.org> At 04:06 PM 10/27/2007, Alan Gauld wrote: >"Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > >> Hence if type(n) is already long it does not have to get converted > >> to int to accommodate something small. > > > > And that's not a bug? > >No its expected behaviour. >If you start with a float and add an integer the result is a float. >Why should long act any different? > > >>> n = 4.0 > >>> n + 2 >6.0 So you're saying that it's to be expected that the analogy, "int is to long as int is to float" will hold. But why should it be expected to hold? float and long are completely different animals, no? Dick From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 02:08:06 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:08:06 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] position In-Reply-To: <fg0h42$ltt$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <1d987df30710271252j4cf0239fhe7399c79ec11cfd4@mail.gmail.com> <fg0h42$ltt$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <1d987df30710271808m11f48c2kae3dca8246c83aa6@mail.gmail.com> On 10/27/07, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote: > > "linda.s" <samrobertsmith at gmail.com> wrote > > >I have a string a= "qq,eee,rrr". > >>>> a.index(",") > > 2 > > It is the position of the first "," in a. > > Is that possible to find the Nth "," in a if a is a very long string > > and I need know the position of the Nth ","? > > Yes but not directly. > index takes a couple of optional parameters > > S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int > > So by repeating the index call in a loop using the previous > index as youur start position you an get it > > untested pseudo code > > def nth_index(aString, aChar, N): > n = 0 > for i in range(N): > n = aString.index(aChar, n) > return n > should be: def nth_index(aString, aChar, N): n = 0 for i in range(N): n = aString.index(aChar, n+1) return n From sli1que at yahoo.com Sun Oct 28 02:42:13 2007 From: sli1que at yahoo.com (Eric Walker) Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2007 18:42:13 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] system call Message-ID: <355379.98932.qm@web60125.mail.yahoo.com> Alan, The problem is that I have another tool that has an initialization period when you start it up. I want to see how long it takes for it to start up or initialize. So, I set up the tool to startup and after it finishes the init stage, load up a file which has a custom procedure. Then run this custom procedure that executes an exit command. So, to time the entire init process, I want to use python. I first take a time stamp. Then execute the tool with os.system. Once it finishes, I take another time stamp. Subtract the two and get a general time of execution or init for the other program. What do you think? python newbie... ----- Original Message ---- From: Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> To: tutor at python.org Sent: Saturday, October 27, 2007 4:09:35 PM Subject: Re: [Tutor] system call "Eric Walker" <sli1que at yahoo.com> wrote > I am trying to run a timing script but I need the python program > to stop and wait for the executable to finish. Does anyone have > any examples of doing this? There are several ways to do it depending on what exactly you are trying to do. We need a bit more detail. If the "timing script" is an externalo program then if you run it using os.system() your code will wait(ie block) until system() returms - which is when the program executed exits. However os.system() is a bit of a blunt tool and often not the best solution. If we know what the real problem is we might do better. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld _______________________________________________ Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071027/1f0ab92d/attachment-0001.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 09:53:53 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 08:53:53 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org><5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com><5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com ><20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org><fg0g9b$k0a$1@ger.gmane.org> <20071028001452.BF1D91E405A@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <fg1in9$orh$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > So you're saying that it's to be expected that the analogy, "int is > to long as int is to float" will hold. But why should it be expected > to hold? float and long are completely different animals, no? No, they are all types of numbers. The general rule is that Python (and most other languages) will convert a simpler type to a more "powerful" type but never the other way around - you may need to keep the power... Alan G From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 10:09:10 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 09:09:10 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] system call References: <355379.98932.qm@web60125.mail.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <fg1jju$qsc$1@ger.gmane.org> "Eric Walker" <sli1que at yahoo.com> wrote > The problem is that I have another tool that has an initialization > period when you start it up. I want to see how long it takes Have you considered just using the Unix time command? > So, to time the entire init process, I want to use python. As an exercise its fair enough, but the OS time command is probably just as effective for this kind of task. Reimplementing standard OS tools can be a great learning tool so if that is your aim, carry on with it. The os.system route (or subprocess.call) should be fine for what you need. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From vvinuv at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 10:57:07 2007 From: vvinuv at gmail.com (Vinu Vikram) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 15:27:07 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] how to run function only for a pre-defined time In-Reply-To: <ffv9o1$7gd$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <637563b70710270456i58dad9ear8695d7f3aeb3afb2@mail.gmail.com> <ffv9o1$7gd$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <637563b70710280257j564a99aenf6c1a2c14a4498ef@mail.gmail.com> Hi alan Thanks. But if I write a code like the followiing, how I can stop the thread #!/usr/bin/env python import threading import time, os class Infi(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, a): self.a = a threading.Thread.__init__(self) def run(self): i = 1 while i==1: print self.a time.sleep(.5) self.a += 1 if __name__ == '__main__': t = Infi(1) t.start() time.sleep(2) if t.isAlive(): print 'Here I want to stop the thread (the while loop) and continue with the remaining part of the script' obj_file = open(clus_cata,'r') try: pnames = obj_file.readline().split() except: pass ...... ...... ...... and so on Thanks in Advance Vinu Vikram On 10/27/07, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote: > > > "Vinu Vikram" <vvinuv at gmail.com> wrote > > > Could anybody try to tell me whether it is possible to run a > > function only > > for a particular time period. In my python script I call some third > > party > > function which some time won't give results. I would like to write > > the > > script in such a way that, it will wait for the result from this > > function > > for some time, say 10 seconds, and if it fails to get any results > > within > > that time (10 seconds), the script should skip that function and > > stop the > > program. > > > > I think you will need to use threading to launch your function in a > separate thread. If the thread dopesn't end in time you can proceed > in the main thread to kill the thread and exit the program. > > Read about Python threading here: > > http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/Python/PyThreads.pdf > > -- > Alan Gauld > Author of the Learn to Program web site > http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- VINU VIKRAM http://iucaa.ernet.in/~vvinuv/ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071028/e8548993/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 11:30:43 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 12:30:43 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] system call In-Reply-To: <fg1jju$qsc$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <355379.98932.qm@web60125.mail.yahoo.com> <fg1jju$qsc$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <aaf235960710280330l502b7bd9g990c32bcd2cd7ec3@mail.gmail.com> Here is my actual code (a section of a long script): if os.path.isdir(ad) and aRun.split('_')[0]==STN_id[i] and in (aRun.split ('_')[1]): make_pages=os.path.join(BASEDIR,STN_id[i],SUBDIR[1],'make_pages') sedstr1="""cat %s | sed -e 's/ASYSmin=[0-9][0-9]*/ASYSmin=%s/g' > jnk""" % (make_webpages,nf+1) sedstr2="""cat jnk | sed -e 's/ASYSmax=[0-9][0-9]*/ASYSmax=%s/g' > %s""" % (nf+1,make_pages) cmd="""%s > %s """ % (make_pages,STN_id[i]+'.mw.out') print """ Now running make_pages for: %s """ % (files[nf]) os.system(sedstr1) os.system(sedstr2) fail= os.system(cmd) print(cmd) if fail: print """For %s there was an error""" % (files[i]) os.wait() print """Finished for %s """ % (files[i]) raw_input('Continue?') make_pages is a shell script which usually is run with nohup and takes anywhere from 1-24 hours to run, depending on ASYSmin, ASYSmax. If there the same (which they are here) then it should take around one hour. Perphaps I need to change the os.wait somehow? Or structure the os.systemcall for cmd a little differently??? Thanks! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071028/379d6560/attachment.htm From washakie at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 11:37:12 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 12:37:12 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables In-Reply-To: <fg0fio$i8u$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com> <fg0fio$i8u$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <aaf235960710280337k182c2dd1m66da10fae0480e14@mail.gmail.com> But won't if fail since the variabls in the file are not quoted? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071028/720d4053/attachment.htm From rdm at rcblue.com Sun Oct 28 11:49:07 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 03:49:07 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] More type() puzzlement In-Reply-To: <fg1in9$orh$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071027150614.6FE6B1E4027@bag.python.org> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com> <5df213700710270839y671b2458w480b4534e5320c3@mail.gmail.com > <20071027165329.A67D21E4015@bag.python.org> <fg0g9b$k0a$1@ger.gmane.org> <20071028001452.BF1D91E405A@bag.python.org> <fg1in9$orh$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071028104915.87DF81E4014@bag.python.org> At 01:53 AM 10/28/2007, you wrote: >"Dick Moores" <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote > > > So you're saying that it's to be expected that the analogy, "int is > > to long as int is to float" will hold. But why should it be expected > > to hold? float and long are completely different animals, no? > >No, they are all types of numbers. >The general rule is that Python (and most other languages) >will convert a simpler type to a more "powerful" type but never >the other way around - you may need to keep the power... Ah, got it. Finally. Thanks very much, Alan. Dick From washakie at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 11:58:57 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 12:58:57 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] killing bash, sshd... dangerous? Message-ID: <aaf235960710280358h6b5de4b7oa1b539b4af8d747a@mail.gmail.com> Hello, I've written a little script with the intention of killing all of my bash, sshd sessions... is this dangerous? How could I make it work so that it didn't kill the session it was run from (as it is I suppose I have to run it with nohup): #!/usr/bin/env python import os cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'bash' > .ps" os.system(cmd) pid=[] fid=open('.ps','r') for line in fid: pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) for i in pid: cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) os.system(cmd) cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'sshd' > .ps" os.system(cmd) pid=[] fid=open('.ps','r') for line in fid: pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) for i in pid: cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) os.system(cmd) -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071028/9164d9f2/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 16:37:26 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 15:37:26 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] 'source' in python or preloading variables References: <aaf235960710270549l7b9d5b42o21e9fee603aab0f4@mail.gmail.com><fg0fio$i8u$1@ger.gmane.org> <aaf235960710280337k182c2dd1m66da10fae0480e14@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg2abt$nu4$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > But won't if fail since the variabls in the file are not quoted? No the quoting is only necessary if you use eval/exec. The quotes prevent the interpreter from treating them as variable names. If you read the values from the file they are already strings, no need for quoting. Alan G From tktucker at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 17:23:33 2007 From: tktucker at gmail.com (Tom Tucker) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 12:23:33 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] killing bash, sshd... dangerous? In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710280358h6b5de4b7oa1b539b4af8d747a@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710280358h6b5de4b7oa1b539b4af8d747a@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <2a278ffe0710280923y3a119b0vaa8e008121921386@mail.gmail.com> Instead of reading in an outputfile (.ps), try reading from command output. The correct terminology escapes me (for file in os.popen(cmd).readlines():). Are you looking for a auto logout method? For example if no activity after X minutes kill the shell. Bash and a few other shells have this functionality already. On 10/28/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > Hello, I've written a little script with the intention of killing all of my > bash, sshd sessions... is this dangerous? How could I make it work so that > it didn't kill the session it was run from (as it is I suppose I have to run > it with nohup): > > > > #!/usr/bin/env python > import os > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'bash' > .ps" > os.system(cmd) > > pid=[] > fid=open('.ps','r') > for line in fid: > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > for i in pid: > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > os.system(cmd) > > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'sshd' > .ps" > os.system(cmd) > > pid=[] > fid=open('.ps','r') > for line in fid: > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > for i in pid: > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > os.system(cmd) > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > From detroit371 at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 17:44:13 2007 From: detroit371 at gmail.com (Lawrence Shafer) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 10:44:13 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] os.sys Message-ID: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> Why doesn't this fill otp with the output of ls?? (I know python has it's own file tools, I'm just playing around ;) import os cmd="""ls""" otp=os.system(cmd) print otp From jtp at nc.rr.com Sun Oct 28 17:55:58 2007 From: jtp at nc.rr.com (James) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 12:55:58 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] os.sys In-Reply-To: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> References: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> Message-ID: <F8F52837-C48D-4F61-8423-BAB134C5AE6D@nc.rr.com> Try using the commands, instead. import commands cmd = 'ls' opt = commands.getoutput( cmd ) print opt More information found here: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-commands.html :) .james On Oct 28, 2007, at 12:44 PM, Lawrence Shafer wrote: > Why doesn't this fill otp with the output of ls?? (I know python has > it's own file tools, I'm just playing around ;) > > import os > cmd="""ls""" > otp=os.system(cmd) > print otp > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From sxkorean at gmail.com Sun Oct 28 18:01:24 2007 From: sxkorean at gmail.com (Andrew Nelsen) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 13:01:24 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] os.sys In-Reply-To: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> References: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> Message-ID: <a783f25a0710281001r6ce01961g19aedc028f2dea2e@mail.gmail.com> On 10/28/07, Lawrence Shafer <detroit371 at gmail.com> wrote: > > Why doesn't this fill otp with the output of ls?? (I know python has > it's own file tools, I'm just playing around ;) > > import os > cmd="""ls""" > otp=os.system(cmd) > print otp > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org I actually had the same question a while back. I'm still a newbie, but the advice I was given was to use popen(). ls = os.popen("ls").read() worked for me. Also, for Unix style OSes, you can import commands, and then it has getoutput(). Just my two cents. - Drew -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071028/5c8d3e21/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Sun Oct 28 19:58:59 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 18:58:59 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] os.sys References: <4724BC5D.7040302@gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg2m5r$kch$1@ger.gmane.org> "Lawrence Shafer" <detroit371 at gmail.com> wrote > Why doesn't this fill otp with the output of ls?? (I know python has > it's own file tools, I'm just playing around ;) > > otp=os.system(cmd) Because os.system returnsd the exit status of the command. zero means the command executed OK anything else is an error code. To get the output you need to read stdout or stderr. To do that, the current preferred mechanism is via the subprocess module which replaces os.system/os.popen/commands os.spawn etc etc. The documentation has examples. Also my web -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld tutor at the end of the OS topic has examples of subprocess.Popen as well as the older methods. HTH, From washakie at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 00:12:11 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 00:12:11 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] killing bash, sshd... dangerous? In-Reply-To: <2a278ffe0710280923y3a119b0vaa8e008121921386@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710280358h6b5de4b7oa1b539b4af8d747a@mail.gmail.com> <2a278ffe0710280923y3a119b0vaa8e008121921386@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <aaf235960710281612t5dcbbd80x178051d9ad7c77eb@mail.gmail.com> No, mostly just playing around with scripting.... and I have a problem sometimes with cygwin where logging out from bash session, the xterm hangs, so this seems to fix it... but it's not really the best solution... needs some mods, I'm sure. On 10/28/07, Tom Tucker <tktucker at gmail.com> wrote: > > Instead of reading in an outputfile (.ps), try reading from command > output. The correct terminology escapes me (for file in > os.popen(cmd).readlines():). > > Are you looking for a auto logout method? For example if no activity > after X minutes kill the shell. Bash and a few other shells have this > functionality already. > > > > > > On 10/28/07, John <washakie at gmail.com> wrote: > > Hello, I've written a little script with the intention of killing all of > my > > bash, sshd sessions... is this dangerous? How could I make it work so > that > > it didn't kill the session it was run from (as it is I suppose I have to > run > > it with nohup): > > > > > > > > #!/usr/bin/env python > > import os > > > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'bash' > .ps" > > os.system(cmd) > > > > pid=[] > > fid=open('.ps','r') > > for line in fid: > > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > > > for i in pid: > > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > > os.system(cmd) > > > > > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'sshd' > .ps" > > os.system(cmd) > > > > pid=[] > > fid=open('.ps','r') > > for line in fid: > > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > > > for i in pid: > > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > > os.system(cmd) > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > -- Configuration `````````````````````````` Plone 2.5.3-final, CMF-1.6.4, Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), Five 1.4.1, Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-51)], PIL 1.1.6 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/29550ca5/attachment.htm From brunson at brunson.com Mon Oct 29 00:39:30 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2007 17:39:30 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Offtopic: Re: killing bash, sshd... dangerous? In-Reply-To: <aaf235960710281612t5dcbbd80x178051d9ad7c77eb@mail.gmail.com> References: <aaf235960710280358h6b5de4b7oa1b539b4af8d747a@mail.gmail.com> <2a278ffe0710280923y3a119b0vaa8e008121921386@mail.gmail.com> <aaf235960710281612t5dcbbd80x178051d9ad7c77eb@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47251DB2.3010402@brunson.com> John wrote: > No, mostly just playing around with scripting.... and I have a problem > sometimes with cygwin where logging out from bash session Hi John, This is a known bug. The fix is to install a real operating system. For more info, please see one of the following: http://distrowatch.com http://www.opensolaris.org http://www.freebsd.org ;-) Sincerely, e. > the xterm hangs, so this seems to fix it... but it's not really the > best solution... needs some mods, I'm sure. > > > On 10/28/07, *Tom Tucker* <tktucker at gmail.com > <mailto:tktucker at gmail.com>> wrote: > > Instead of reading in an outputfile (.ps), try reading from command > output. The correct terminology escapes me (for file in > os.popen(cmd).readlines():). > > Are you looking for a auto logout method? For example if no activity > after X minutes kill the shell. Bash and a few other shells have this > functionality already. > > > > > > On 10/28/07, John <washakie at gmail.com <mailto:washakie at gmail.com>> > wrote: > > Hello, I've written a little script with the intention of > killing all of my > > bash, sshd sessions... is this dangerous? How could I make it > work so that > > it didn't kill the session it was run from (as it is I suppose I > have to run > > it with nohup): > > > > > > > > #!/usr/bin/env python > > import os > > > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'bash' > .ps" > > os.system(cmd) > > > > pid=[] > > fid=open('.ps','r') > > for line in fid: > > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > > > for i in pid: > > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > > os.system(cmd) > > > > > > cmd="ps -u myuser | grep 'sshd' > .ps" > > os.system(cmd) > > > > pid=[] > > fid=open('.ps','r') > > for line in fid: > > pid.append(line.split(' ')[0]) > > > > for i in pid: > > cmd="""kill -9 %s""" % (i) > > os.system(cmd) > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org <mailto:Tutor at python.org> > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > > > > > -- > Configuration > `````````````````````````` > Plone 2.5.3-final, > CMF-1.6.4, > Zope (Zope 2.9.7-final, python 2.4.4, linux2), > Five 1.4.1, > Python 2.4.4 (#1, Jul 3 2007, 22:58:17) [GCC 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat > 4.1.1-51)], > PIL 1.1.6 > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 29 11:44:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 06:44:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: > OK, here's a short script, which runs fine on Windows. What do I add > to have it run on unix as well? > > #!/usr/bin/env python > #coding=utf-8 > > try: > # windows or dos > import msvcrt > while True: > if msvcrt.kbhit(): > key = msvcrt.getch() > if key == "h": > print "Hello, World!" > break > print "Bye, World!" > > except ImportError: > # assume unix > import tty, termios http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892 Kent From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 12:08:53 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 04:08:53 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> At 03:44 AM 10/29/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: >http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892 Kent, I'm still too dumb to see how to use that. Could you show a script using it that, say, prints 1 if '1' is pressed and 2 if '2' is? Thanks, Dick From bhaaluu at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 12:17:10 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 07:17:10 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ea979d70710290417o1fbcd747lb7830157fc675dde@mail.gmail.com> # tty-example-2.py # Tue Oct 19 09:07:14 CEST 1999 # Fredrik Lundh fredrik at pythonware.com # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/1999-October/014151.html import sys try: # windows or dos import msvcrt getkey = msvcrt.getch except ImportError: # assume unix import tty, termios print dir(termios) def getkey(): file = sys.stdin.fileno() mode = termios.tcgetattr(file) try: tty.setraw(file, termios.TCSANOW) ch = sys.stdin.read(1) finally: termios.tcsetattr(file, termios.TCSANOW, mode) return ch print "press 'q/p/r/s' to quit..." while 1: ch = getkey() if ch == "q": break print ch, print On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > At 03:44 AM 10/29/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: > >http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892 > > Kent, I'm still too dumb to see how to use that. Could you show a > script using it that, say, prints 1 if '1' is pressed and 2 if '2' is? > > Thanks, > > Dick > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 29 12:28:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 07:28:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <5df213700710270652i1c38571bl4a85edcfa54af977@mail.gmail.com> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> <5df213700710270652i1c38571bl4a85edcfa54af977@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4725C3D9.8000506@tds.net> Aditya Lal wrote: > or use types module > > import types > > if type(n) == types.IntType or type(n) == types.LongType : > blah! A few notes: - If you look at types.py, you find IntType = int LongType = long and so on for all the built-in types, so there is no need or advantage to importing types vs if type(n) == int - Common Python practice is to prefer the least restrictive type check possible. For Dick's specific case it doesn't matter, but I generally use isinstance() instead of checking for a specific type. The difference is that isinstance() is true for subtypes as well as the named type. You can also pass a tuple of types to isinstance() so you can say if isinstance(n, (int, long)) Kent From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 12:32:30 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 04:32:30 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> At 04:08 AM 10/29/2007, Dick Moores wrote: >At 03:44 AM 10/29/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: > >http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892 > >Kent, I'm still too dumb to see how to use that. Could you show a >script using it that, say, prints 1 if '1' is pressed and 2 if '2' is? Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and "Bye" if '2' is, AND uses <http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> Dick From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 29 12:33:28 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 07:33:28 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] system call In-Reply-To: <FBC34CF6-2074-402F-84D5-60A1AA9B87E3@nc.rr.com> References: <549364.38708.qm@web60123.mail.yahoo.com> <aaf235960710271308l49765797p7d9915b734a4f33c@mail.gmail.com> <FBC34CF6-2074-402F-84D5-60A1AA9B87E3@nc.rr.com> Message-ID: <4725C508.7090005@tds.net> James wrote: > The subprocess module is meant to replace spawn, popen2, os.system() > etc. if I'm not mistaken. Yes. > Take a look at this excellent resource I've used numerous times: > > http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0324/ The same information (with better format but split between multiple pages) is in the module docs at http://docs.python.org/lib/module-subprocess.html Kent From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 29 12:36:46 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 07:36:46 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <4725C5CE.2020107@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: > At 03:44 AM 10/29/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: >> http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892 > > Kent, I'm still too dumb to see how to use that. Could you show a > script using it that, say, prints 1 if '1' is pressed and 2 if '2' is? from getch_recipe import getch print getch() Kent From bhaaluu at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 13:03:58 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 08:03:58 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com> On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes > the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a > script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and > "Bye" if '2' is, AND uses > <http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> > Dick # tty-example-2.py # Tue Oct 19 09:07:14 CEST 1999 # Fredrik Lundh fredrik at pythonware.com # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/1999-October/014151.html import sys try: # windows or dos import msvcrt getkey = msvcrt.getch except ImportError: # assume unix import tty, termios print dir(termios) def getkey(): file = sys.stdin.fileno() mode = termios.tcgetattr(file) try: tty.setraw(file, termios.TCSANOW) ch = sys.stdin.read(1) finally: termios.tcsetattr(file, termios.TCSANOW, mode) return ch print "press 'q/p/r/s' to quit..." while 1: ch = getkey() if ch == "q": break elif ch == "1": print "Hello", elif ch == "2": print "Bye", print ch, print Like that? -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 13:46:42 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 05:46:42 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com > References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071029124647.6FED91E4012@bag.python.org> At 05:03 AM 10/29/2007, bhaaluu wrote: >On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: > > Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes > > the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a > > script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and > > "Bye" if '2' is, AND uses > > <http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> > > Dick > ># tty-example-2.py ># Tue Oct 19 09:07:14 CEST 1999 ># Fredrik Lundh fredrik at pythonware.com ># http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/1999-October/014151.html >import sys > >try: > # windows or dos > import msvcrt > getkey = msvcrt.getch >except ImportError: > # assume unix > import tty, termios > > print dir(termios) > > def getkey(): > file = sys.stdin.fileno() > mode = termios.tcgetattr(file) > try: > tty.setraw(file, termios.TCSANOW) > ch = sys.stdin.read(1) > finally: > termios.tcsetattr(file, termios.TCSANOW, mode) > return ch > >print "press 'q/p/r/s' to quit..." > >while 1: > ch = getkey() > if ch == "q": > break > elif ch == "1": > print "Hello", > elif ch == "2": > print "Bye", > print ch, > >print > > >Like that? Thanks! I modified it slightly: <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix.py>. Could a unix/linux user see if it works? Dick From brunson at brunson.com Mon Oct 29 15:54:53 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 08:54:53 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029124647.6FED91E4012@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com> <20071029124647.6FED91E4012@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <4725F43D.90104@brunson.com> Dick Moores wrote: > At 05:03 AM 10/29/2007, bhaaluu wrote: > >> On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: >> >>> Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes >>> the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a >>> script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and >>> "Bye" if '2' is, AND uses >>> <http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> >>> Dick >>> > > Thanks! I modified it slightly: > <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix.py>. Could a unix/linux > user see if it works? > > Dick > Seems to work fine under my version of Linux and Solaris 10. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 16:13:14 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 08:13:14 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <4725F43D.90104@brunson.com> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com> <20071029124647.6FED91E4012@bag.python.org> <4725F43D.90104@brunson.com> Message-ID: <20071029151318.AFB931E4012@bag.python.org> At 07:54 AM 10/29/2007, Eric Brunson wrote: >Dick Moores wrote: >>At 05:03 AM 10/29/2007, bhaaluu wrote: >> >>>On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: >>> >>>>Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes >>>>the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a >>>>script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and >>>>"Bye" if '2' is, AND uses >>>><http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> >>>>Dick >>>> >> >>Thanks! I modified it slightly: >><http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix.py>. Could a unix/linux >>user see if it works? >> >>Dick >> > >Seems to work fine under my version of Linux and Solaris 10. Great! Thanks. Care to try another one?: <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix2.py>. It uses the Cookbook recipe Kent found for me (<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892>). Dick From washakie at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 16:22:29 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 16:22:29 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch Message-ID: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com> Does anyone have an idea why I can't do this? for k in range(nr): contribution=N.zeros(shape(H['area'])) contribution=[contribution+grid[:,:,z:,k,0]/A for z in range(len(H['outheight']))] zplot[:,:,k]=zplot[:,:,k]+contribution; And on the interactive line: >>> shape(contribution) (360, 180) >>> shape(grid[:,:,0,0,0]) (360, 180) >>> But I get the error: ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape for the highlighted line. Thanks!! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/3bcffc76/attachment-0001.htm From mlangford.cs03 at gtalumni.org Mon Oct 29 15:59:34 2007 From: mlangford.cs03 at gtalumni.org (Michael Langford) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 10:59:34 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Build exe on Vista, have it run on XP? Message-ID: <82b4f5810710290759h33b5f8e3ja5a32cd1b668a74a@mail.gmail.com> I'm trying to build a exe on a vista system using py2exe. It will deploy to vista and XP systems. If it matters, the application uses pyserial, as well. I have VS Studio 2005 installed on this laptop as well. I've found this so far that seems to be identical to what I'm seeing (for non-python programs): http://www.thescripts.com/forum/thread611031.html When I attempt to run, I get "The procedure entry point _except_handler4_common could not be located in the dynamic link library mscvrt.dll." Apparently vista has one more _except_handler#_common function than XP does. I've used py2exe several times before (however not recenty, as it was before Vista came out). I'm using a very basic setup file right now: from distutils.core import setup import py2exe setup(console=['responderbot.py']) Are there any ways to either py2exe work or any other exe builder for my build environment and deployment scenario? I don't really want to dig around in py2exe/pyserial internals to force it to use the dll's that the MS support person said it should be using. Will any automated exe builder work where I am? I've heard IronPython can compile down to an exe....is it a valid alternative? Should my CPython utility be compatible with ipy? I only use the random,time,sys, and serial modules. I really know nothing about ipy. --Michael -- Michael Langford Phone: 404-386-0495 Consulting: http://www.TierOneDesign.com/ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/b9031d35/attachment.htm From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 16:27:48 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 08:27:48 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <ffus00$3j6$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <ffus00$3j6$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <20071029153324.DD2D61E4014@bag.python.org> At 01:13 AM 10/27/2007, Alan Gauld wrote: >Take a look at my Event Driven programming topic. It contains a >simple key echo program using msvcrt and instructions for Linux >users to convert it to use curses. > > From that you should be able to create a dual platform version. Alan, I'm afraid I wasn't able to, using <http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld/>. Especially because I couldn't test what I was coming up with. Could you do it for me, for this tiny script? =============================== #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import msvcrt while True: if msvcrt.kbhit(): key = msvcrt.getch() if key == "q": break elif key == "h": print "Hello" elif key == "b": print "Bye" =============================== Dick From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 29 16:50:43 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 15:50:43 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > > But I get the error: > ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single > shape > > for the highlighted line. When sending error messages send the entire error traceback not just the summary message. Error traces are full of useful information, it helps if we can see it all. For example which is the "highlighted line"? Alan G. From brunson at brunson.com Mon Oct 29 17:06:43 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 10:06:43 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029151318.AFB931E4012@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710260500obb4ed20q699669e1c648d030@mail.gmail.com> <20071027013958.A91981E4002@bag.python.org> <4725B989.4050302@tds.net> <20071029110859.33D311E4014@bag.python.org> <20071029113242.F117A1E403A@bag.python.org> <ea979d70710290503y27711656tabe469ecfd3dc761@mail.gmail.com> <20071029124647.6FED91E4012@bag.python.org> <4725F43D.90104@brunson.com> <20071029151318.AFB931E4012@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <47260513.9040307@brunson.com> Dick Moores wrote: > At 07:54 AM 10/29/2007, Eric Brunson wrote: > >> Dick Moores wrote: >> >>> At 05:03 AM 10/29/2007, bhaaluu wrote: >>> >>> >>>> On 10/29/07, Dick Moores <rdm at rcblue.com> wrote: >>>> >>>> >>>>> Seems I should clarify that. I'm not looking for a script that echoes >>>>> the key pressed. So I'll change that last line to "Could you show a >>>>> script using it that, say, prints "Hello" if '1' is pressed and >>>>> "Bye" if '2' is, AND uses >>>>> <http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892> >>>>> Dick >>>>> >>>>> >>> Thanks! I modified it slightly: >>> <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix.py>. Could a unix/linux >>> user see if it works? >>> >>> Dick >>> >>> >> Seems to work fine under my version of Linux and Solaris 10. >> > > Great! Thanks. Care to try another one?: > <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/toTestOnUnix2.py>. It uses the Cookbook > recipe Kent found for me > (<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892>). > Works fine. > Dick > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From washakie at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 17:00:05 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 17:00:05 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch In-Reply-To: <fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com> <fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <aaf235960710290900v592ffa9cge61226b23e55e4d6@mail.gmail.com> Sorry, here's the output from the command line >>>run Day_footprint.py trying... header has been opened succes! Reading grid 20060511000000 at: Mon Oct 29 16:57:57 2007 processing: 20060511000000 Traceback (most recent call last): File "Day_footprint.py", line 48, in ? contribution=[contribution+grid[:,:,z:,k,0]/A for z in range(len(H['outheigh t']))] ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape >>> -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/dc0b2b93/attachment.htm From rdm at rcblue.com Mon Oct 29 23:14:28 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 15:14:28 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> I've developed chessTimer a bit further: <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV9.py> I'm still hoping for some constructive criticism. But I also thought I'd mention again the points I have doubts about: 1. Is wrapping the long lines where I have done so OK? 2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player to alternate players. Is there a better way? 3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? 4. Should more of the code be in functions? 5. Is there a way to collapse lines 130-137?: if player == 1: # player is White whiteMoveCounter += 1 print "Black to make move %d" % (blackMoveCounter) remainingWhiteTime -= timeUsedThisMove elif player == -1: # player is Black blackMoveCounter += 1 print "White to make move %d" % (whiteMoveCounter) remainingBlackTime -= timeUsedThisMove 6. I thought I had a way to make this script useable on unix as well as Windows. Thus the section with the 3 classes. But it won't run on unix, because it was necessary to import msvcrt outside of the classes--it wouldn't compile otherwise, and because of the need for the line 'if msvcrt.kbhit():' (line 116). I hope I'm wrong about this, and someone can show me how to fix it so that the unix people can give me some criticism/advice as well. Thanks, Dick Moores From danrfreeman at gmail.com Mon Oct 29 20:46:06 2007 From: danrfreeman at gmail.com (Dan Freeman) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 15:46:06 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] script ? Message-ID: <ea8876fe0710291246v335c4a4j2ea6bfc320d25496@mail.gmail.com> How can I have this script exucute a .exe file instead of beeping the system speaker? __________________________________________ import os import time z = 2 while z ==2: connected = False while not connected: o=os.popen("netstat -an") for l in o: try: if l.split()[1].endswith("159.215.49.8.116:59999"): print "\a\a\a\a\aMatch!" connected = True else: print "Nothing" except IndexError: print "Index Exception" time.sleep(1) amount=0 while connected: o=os.popen("netstat -an") for l in o: try: if l.split()[1].endswith("159.215.49.8:59999"): print "Still There" connected = True amount +=1 print amount else: print "Nothing" except IndexError: print "Index Exception" time.sleep(1) if amount == 1: amount -=1 else: print "It's Gone" connected = False print "\a\a" raw_input("Press Enter to close") -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/fc5acf24/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 30 00:15:33 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 23:15:33 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] script ? References: <ea8876fe0710291246v335c4a4j2ea6bfc320d25496@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg5pit$tka$1@ger.gmane.org> "Dan Freeman" <danrfreeman at gmail.com> wrote > How can I have this script exucute a .exe file instead of beeping > the system > speaker? The same way you ran netstat - which is an .exe... Of course, nowadays you probably should be using subprocess.Popen instead os os.popen, but thats a minor tik. Also if you don't need the output returned you could try subprocess.call() (or on older systems os.system()) You'll find more discussion of this with examples in the OS topic of my tutorial, near the end. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > __________________________________________ > > import os > import time > > z = 2 > > while z ==2: > > connected = False > while not connected: > o=os.popen("netstat -an") Here is an exe being run... > for l in o: > try: > if l.split()[1].endswith("159.215.49.8.116:59999"): > print "\a\a\a\a\aMatch!" > connected = True > else: > print "Nothing" > except IndexError: > print "Index Exception" > time.sleep(1) > > amount=0 > while connected: > o=os.popen("netstat -an") > for l in o: > try: > if l.split()[1].endswith("159.215.49.8:59999"): > print "Still There" > connected = True > amount +=1 > print amount > else: > print "Nothing" > except IndexError: > print "Index Exception" > time.sleep(1) > if amount == 1: > amount -=1 > else: > print "It's Gone" > connected = False > > print "\a\a" > > raw_input("Press Enter to close") > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 30 00:24:28 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 23:24:28 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com><fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> <aaf235960710290900v592ffa9cge61226b23e55e4d6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > Sorry, here's the output from the command line > >>>>run Day_footprint.py Sorry for all the questions but I've never seen that "run" syntax before. What environment are you running? What IDE/OS/Python version etc? > trying... > header has been opened > succes! > Reading grid 20060511000000 at: Mon Oct 29 16:57:57 2007 > processing: 20060511000000 > > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "Day_footprint.py", line 48, in ? > contribution=[contribution+grid[:,:,z:,k,0]/A for z in > range(len(H['outheigh > t']))] > ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single > shape Hmm, in this case the error isn't telli8ng us too much extra other than the line it doesn't like. But, putting this together with the code you posted earlier... --------------- for k in range(nr): contribution=N.zeros(shape(H['area'])) contribution=[contribution+grid[:,:,z:,k,0]/A for z in range(len(H['outheight']))] zplot[:,:,k]=zplot[:,:,k]+contribution; ------------- I will hazard a guess that N.zeros(...) is a different size to grid[:,:,z:,k,0]/A But since I have no idea what these look like - I assume its numPy or somesuch structure ? - I can only guess. Can you decompose the list comprehension and add some useful print statements to help debug it? HTH, Alan G. From washakie at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 00:39:47 2007 From: washakie at gmail.com (John) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 00:39:47 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch In-Reply-To: <fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com> <fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> <aaf235960710290900v592ffa9cge61226b23e55e4d6@mail.gmail.com> <fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <aaf235960710291639q4c12576fhffbf9e9cd5117e07@mail.gmail.com> Well, To be honest, part of the problem is that I work in about four different Python environments!! I've had a hard time getting the scipy suite to work fully on windows, and for number crunching it's just easier to run in linux. This here was just a cut from running a script I wrote at the DOS prompt... but that is not my usual flavor. Anyway, the problem was in fact a shape mismatch. Ha! Imagine that ;) Thanks for the feedback. The issue was in the dividing by A, I had to pull that out separately and things worked. Thanks! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071030/f60ffad6/attachment.htm From hunter92383 at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 00:52:45 2007 From: hunter92383 at gmail.com (elis aeris) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 20:52:45 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] python image libray Message-ID: <674d5ce60710291652n5add1d96o39b0ad01575334fa@mail.gmail.com> http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/#pil116 how do I distribute standalone python executable with some contents of this library? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/9d8cc862/attachment.htm From hunter92383 at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 00:54:34 2007 From: hunter92383 at gmail.com (elis aeris) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 20:54:34 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] python image libray - source to Mac OS X Message-ID: <674d5ce60710291654g22634f68se8ac964b0316b825@mail.gmail.com> http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/#pil116 has anyone been able to compile this on Mac os x? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/f1fcfa03/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 30 01:03:43 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 00:03:43 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com><fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org><aaf235960710290900v592ffa9cge61226b23e55e4d6@mail.gmail.com><fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> <aaf235960710291639q4c12576fhffbf9e9cd5117e07@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg5sd7$5g7$1@ger.gmane.org> "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > To be honest, part of the problem is that I work in about four > different > Python environments!! > This here was just a cut from running a script I wrote at the DOS > prompt... > but that is not my usual flavor. really? What Python version are you using? Is it a special ScviPy flavour? I don't know how the >>> run foo.py syntax works. It certainly gets a syntax error on all my Python prompts. I'm curious to know how it worked - run would need to be a new command (not a function: no parens) defined within the interpreter somehow... Glad you found your error though. Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 30 01:04:55 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 00:04:55 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] python image libray References: <674d5ce60710291652n5add1d96o39b0ad01575334fa@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg5sfg$5lf$1@ger.gmane.org> "elis aeris" <hunter92383 at gmail.com> wrote > http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/#pil116 > > > how do I distribute standalone python executable with some contents > of this > library? If you import pil then most (all?) of the exe builders will automatically drag it into the final executable file along with the interpreter. HTH, Alan G.. From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 30 01:36:54 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 20:36:54 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] calculation with arrays: shape mismatch In-Reply-To: <fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> References: <aaf235960710290822q60a6c18ap5db379f0d78595a6@mail.gmail.com><fg4vgs$trv$1@ger.gmane.org> <aaf235960710290900v592ffa9cge61226b23e55e4d6@mail.gmail.com> <fg5q3k$v12$1@ger.gmane.org> Message-ID: <47267CA6.4030506@tds.net> Alan Gauld wrote: > "John" <washakie at gmail.com> wrote > >> Sorry, here's the output from the command line >> >>>>> run Day_footprint.py > > Sorry for all the questions but I've never seen that "run" syntax > before. > What environment are you running? What IDE/OS/Python version etc? IPython has a run command. Details here if you scroll down far enough: http://ipython.scipy.org/doc/manual/node6.html#SECTION00062100000000000000 Kent From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 30 01:50:46 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 20:50:46 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] python image libray - source to Mac OS X In-Reply-To: <674d5ce60710291654g22634f68se8ac964b0316b825@mail.gmail.com> References: <674d5ce60710291654g22634f68se8ac964b0316b825@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47267FE6.2020208@tds.net> elis aeris wrote: > http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/#pil116 > > > has anyone been able to compile this on Mac os x? There is a compiled version here so I guess someone did ;-) http://www.pythonmac.org/packages/py25-fat/index.html The Python-mac list would probably be a good place for more details: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pythonmac-sig Kent From samrobertsmith at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 02:24:53 2007 From: samrobertsmith at gmail.com (linda.s) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 18:24:53 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] repeated times Message-ID: <1d987df30710291824u3cc25ca6uf9a82d040255e0cf@mail.gmail.com> I want to run an .exe file and get the output many times. Can any one give me an example about how to use python to generate the automatic process? Thanks, Linda From reed at reedobrien.com Tue Oct 30 02:20:43 2007 From: reed at reedobrien.com (Reed O'Brien) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 21:20:43 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] python image libray - source to Mac OS X In-Reply-To: <E833E458-452B-4172-82D1-C8EC61F1E61B@reedobrien.com> References: <674d5ce60710291654g22634f68se8ac964b0316b825@mail.gmail.com> <E833E458-452B-4172-82D1-C8EC61F1E61B@reedobrien.com> Message-ID: <A75E6805-5A53-44CD-85CC-4071F2430E10@reedobrien.com> On Oct 29, 2007, at 7:54 PM, elis aeris wrote: > >> http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/#pil116 >> >> >> has anyone been able to compile this on Mac os x? > http://two.pairlist.net/pipermail/reportlab-users/2007-October/ 006262.html -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/c3f413e8/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 30 02:38:06 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 21:38:06 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: > 1. Is wrapping the long lines where I have done so OK? I usually indent the second line of a wrapped line so it stands out more. > 2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player > to alternate players. Is there a better way? > 3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? I think it might work well to either put the player variables into lists or simple classes. > 4. Should more of the code be in functions? That might make it read more easily. Alternately some blank lines to break the code into sections would aid readability. > 5. Is there a way to collapse lines 130-137?: > if player == 1: # player is White > whiteMoveCounter += 1 > print "Black to make move %d" % (blackMoveCounter) > remainingWhiteTime -= timeUsedThisMove > elif player == -1: # player is Black > blackMoveCounter += 1 > print "White to make move %d" % (whiteMoveCounter) > remainingBlackTime -= timeUsedThisMove If the players were objects then this might look like currentPlayer.moveCounter += 1 otherPlayer.printNextMove() currentPlayer.remainingTime -= timeUsedThisMove Switching players would be done with currentPlayer, otherPlayer = otherPlayer, currentPlayer Kent From rabidpoobear at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 05:16:50 2007 From: rabidpoobear at gmail.com (Luke Paireepinart) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 23:16:50 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] repeated times In-Reply-To: <1d987df30710291824u3cc25ca6uf9a82d040255e0cf@mail.gmail.com> References: <1d987df30710291824u3cc25ca6uf9a82d040255e0cf@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4726B032.4090307@gmail.com> linda.s wrote: > I want to run an .exe file and get the output many times. > Can any one give me an example about how to use python to generate the > automatic process? > Yes. -Luke From rdm at rcblue.com Tue Oct 30 05:18:15 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 21:18:15 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071029/c0b54ef2/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 30 09:55:58 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 08:55:58 -0000 Subject: [Tutor] repeated times References: <1d987df30710291824u3cc25ca6uf9a82d040255e0cf@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <fg6rj7$8en$1@ger.gmane.org> "linda.s" <samrobertsmith at gmail.com> wrote >I want to run an .exe file and get the output many times. > Can any one give me an example about how to use python to generate > the > automatic process? Given that I know that you know about loops I have to ask what you see as the problem? Just run the process many times in a loop? Must be more to it I suspect? Alan G. From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 30 11:49:07 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 06:49:07 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: >>> 2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player >>> to alternate players. Is there a better way? >>> 3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? >> >> I think it might work well to either put the player variables into >> lists or simple classes. > > I have no confidence with classes, but how about this for lists: > > playerName = ['', 'White', 'Black'] > moveCounter = [0, whiteMoveCounter, blackMoveCounter} > remainingPlayerTime = [0, remainingWhiteTime, remainingBlackTime] > Is that something like what you were thinking? No. I was thinking more like this: whitePlayer = [ 'White', whiteMoveCounter, remainingWhiteTime] blackPlayer = [ 'Black', blackMoveCounter, remainingBlackTime] You could even define offsets: NAME = 0 MOVES = 1 TIME = 2 and refer to currentPlayer[NAME] From here to simple classes is not a big step: class player(object): def __init__(self, name, moveCounter, remainingTime): self.name = name self.moveCounter = moveCounter self.remainingTime = remainingTime whitePlayer = player('White', 1, timeLimit) blackPlayer = player('Black', 1, timeLimit) Then playerName(player) becomes player.name and remainingPlayerTime(player) becomes player.remainingTime. > Any thoughts about my number 6?: "I thought I had a way to make this > script useable on unix as well > as Windows. Thus the section with the 3 classes. But it won't run on > unix, because it was necessary to import msvcrt outside of the > classes--it wouldn't compile otherwise, and because of the need for > the line 'if msvcrt.kbhit():' Why do you need to call kbhit() at all? Why not just call getch() and wait for the next character? Kent From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 30 12:45:24 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 07:45:24 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] [Fwd: ANN: Learning Python 3rd Edition] Message-ID: <47271954.90809@tds.net> There is a new edition of one of my recommended books. Kent -------- Original Message -------- Subject: ANN: Learning Python 3rd Edition Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2007 12:28:10 -0700 (GMT-07:00) From: lutz at rmi.net Reply-To: python-list at python.org, lutz at rmi.net To: python-announce-list at python.org I'm pleased to announce the release of the 3rd Edition of the book Learning Python. This new edition has been updated to cover Python 2.5, and includes numerous pointers for migrating to Python 3.0 in the future. Among other things, this edition has been augmented with material on function decorators, context managers, the new relative import syntax, generator expressions, and more. In addition, this edition has been enhanced to be even more of a self-paced learning resource, with new end-of-chapter quizzes, new introductory chapters on types and syntax, and new materials derived from recent Python training sessions. For more details, see O'Reilly's web page: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/9780596513986/ O'Reilly also has a press release about the book here: http://press.oreilly.com/pub/pr/1843 Thanks, --Mark Lutz From bgailer at alum.rpi.edu Tue Oct 30 16:55:57 2007 From: bgailer at alum.rpi.edu (bob gailer) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 11:55:57 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <4727540D.60804@alum.rpi.edu> I also encourage you to jump into classes. Yes there is a learning curve. It is IMHO worth it. Borrowing from Kent Johnson: class Player(object): def __init__(self, name, moveCounter, remainingTime): self.name = name self.moveCounter = moveCounter self.remainingTime = remainingTime Note I capitalized the class name. That's the Python "style". Also refer to the class-based code I wrote for you a week or 2 ago. That should help you. From orest.kozyar at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 17:53:27 2007 From: orest.kozyar at gmail.com (Orest Kozyar) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 12:53:27 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve Message-ID: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> I have a program which queries an online database (Medline) for XML data. It caches all data using shelve to avoid hitting the database too many times. For some reason, I keep getting a RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded when attempting to add a certain record. This program has successfully handled over 40,000 records from Medline, but for whatever reason, this particular record (PMID: 16842422) produces this error. If I set maximum recursion depth to a larger value such as 5,000, I get a segfault. Below is a script that should reproduce the problem I am having. Any guidance in solving this problem would greatly be appreciated. Thank you, Orest ####### START SCRIPT ####### import urllib, shelve from xml.dom import minidom baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' params = { 'db': 'pubmed', 'retmode': 'xml', 'rettype': 'medline' } badkey = '16842422' goodkey = '16842423' #or just about any other ID data = shelve.open('data.tmp', writeback=True) try: params['id'] = goodkey url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % goodkey data[goodkey] = doc print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % goodkey except RuntimeError: print 'Should not see this error message!' try: params['id'] = badkey url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey data[badkey] = doc #Should not get this message! print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey except RuntimeError, e: print 'Error shelving XML document with ID %s' % badkey print e ####### END SCRIPT ####### From gslindstrom at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 18:35:42 2007 From: gslindstrom at gmail.com (Greg Lindstrom) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 12:35:42 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Fwd: [pycon-tutorials] Request: Python Instruction Needed for GIS Symposium In-Reply-To: <OF3FD4F142.2EB8A898-ON86257384.00593A74-86257384.00598E96@modot.mo.gov> References: <OF3FD4F142.2EB8A898-ON86257384.00593A74-86257384.00598E96@modot.mo.gov> Message-ID: <a9f39a410710301035k5057ca36p9d55ee6c945d2535@mail.gmail.com> We received this on the PyCon tutorial list. Anyone interested?? Thanks, --greg ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Eric.Foster at modot.mo.gov <Eric.Foster at modot.mo.gov> Date: Oct 30, 2007 11:18 AM Subject: [pycon-tutorials] Request: Python Instruction Needed for GIS Symposium To: pycon-tutorials at python.org I sent out the following hoping to get a Python Instructor for an April 2008 GIS Symposium in Kansas City. If you would be so kind, please consider forwarding it to your list of folks who may be giving tutorials at your Chicago Conference. We would be glad to do a little advertising for you in return: I am involved with MAGIC http://www.magicgis.org/ an organization to encourage GIS development, sharing, cooperation, etc. and educate practitioners in GIS. We hold a symposium every two years in April (next is April 2008) and provide speakers and workshops in relevant GIS subjects. ESRI's ArcGIS software holds the market majority and has embrace Python language as a preferred scripting, customization language. One area we have trouble with for our symposium is getting instructors for Python workshops. The symposium is in Kansas City on April 20-24, 2008 and the hands on computer based Python course would be held for 4 hours on Sunday April 20th in the afternoon for about 30 beginner and intermediate programmers. We would like some application to ArcGIS, but just basic Python language instruction is also needed. The instructors and speakers as well as the planning committee are asked to volunteer to keep the cost down to symposium attendees. Would you be a good fit (or know anyone) as an instructor for this Introduction to Python language course? The Symposium Steering Committee would like to get a commitment by Nov. 2, 2008 in order to publish a preliminary program. Sorry for the short notice, we thought we had an instructor but do not. We need a short 1-2 paragraph summary or outline of the workshop by then. I am willing to help develop any materials needed. Contact me by phone or email if you have questions or would like to volunteer. Thanks. Eric Foster, Senior Transportation Planner MoDOT, 600 NE Colbern Rd. Lee's Summit, MO 64086 (816) 622-6330 _______________________________________________ pycon-tutorials mailing list pycon-tutorials at python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pycon-tutorials -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071030/b6185b51/attachment.htm From bgailer at alum.rpi.edu Tue Oct 30 19:17:05 2007 From: bgailer at alum.rpi.edu (Bob Gailer) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 14:17:05 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> Orest Kozyar wrote: > I have a program which queries an online database (Medline) for XML data. > It caches all data using shelve to avoid hitting the database too many > times. For some reason, I keep getting a RuntimeError: maximum recursion > depth exceeded when attempting to add a certain record. Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). Else we can't (or won't try to) help. From bgailer at alum.rpi.edu Tue Oct 30 19:15:40 2007 From: bgailer at alum.rpi.edu (bob gailer) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 14:15:40 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve In-Reply-To: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <472774CC.5000608@alum.rpi.edu> Orest Kozyar wrote: > I have a program which queries an online database (Medline) for XML data. > It caches all data using shelve to avoid hitting the database too many > times. For some reason, I keep getting a RuntimeError: maximum recursion > depth exceeded when attempting to add a certain record. Please post the entire traceback. Else we can't (or won't try to) help. From orest.kozyar at gmail.com Tue Oct 30 19:34:57 2007 From: orest.kozyar at gmail.com (Orest Kozyar) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 14:34:57 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> Message-ID: <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> > Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). Sorry, I should have included the traceback. I've revised the sample script so that it generates the traceback when run. The sample script is at the very bottom of this email. ####### SCRIPT OUTPUT ####### [kozyar]:~$ python example.py Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842423 Successfully shelved XML document with ID 16842423 Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842422 Traceback (most recent call last): File "example.py", line 30, in <module> data[badkey] = doc File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/shelve.py", line 123, in __setitem__ p.dump(value) RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded Exception exceptions.RuntimeError: 'maximum recursion depth exceeded' in <bound method DbfilenameShelf.__del__ of {'16842423': <xml.dom.minidom.Document instance at 0x96f290>}> ignored ####### START SCRIPT ####### import urllib, shelve from xml.dom import minidom baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' params = { 'db': 'pubmed', 'retmode': 'xml', 'rettype': 'medline' } badkey = '16842422' goodkey = '16842423' #or just about any other ID data = shelve.open('data.tmp', writeback=True) params['id'] = goodkey url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % goodkey data[goodkey] = doc print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % goodkey params['id'] = badkey url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey data[badkey] = doc #Will fail on the above line print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey From rdm at rcblue.com Wed Oct 31 06:25:45 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 22:25:45 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071031052556.BC23E1E4007@bag.python.org> At 03:49 AM 10/30/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: >Why do you need to call kbhit() at all? Why not just call getch() >and wait for the next character? Like this?: <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV9atest.py>. The every-5-seconds time report doesn't report. Compare ============================ #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 # 21aForTutor.py import time import msvcrt timeNow = time.time() oldTimeNow = timeNow while True: if msvcrt.kbhit(): key = msvcrt.getch() if key == 'h': print 'Hello' if key == 'b': print 'Bye' if key == '\r': # Enter key break else: time.sleep(0.001) timeNow = time.time() if timeNow - oldTimeNow > 2: print "2 seconds passed" oldTimeNow = timeNow ================================== with =================================== #!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 # 21bForTutor.py import time import msvcrt timeNow = time.time() oldTimeNow = timeNow while True: #if msvcrt.kbhit(): key = msvcrt.getch() if key == 'h': print 'Hello' if key == 'b': print 'Bye' if key == '\r': # Enter key break else: time.sleep(0.001) timeNow = time.time() if timeNow - oldTimeNow > 2: print "2 seconds passed" oldTimeNow = timeNow ===================================== In 21bForTutor.py the 2-second report is screwed up. Maybe you can fix it? Dick From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 07:13:33 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 11:43:33 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <4725C3D9.8000506@tds.net> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> <5df213700710270652i1c38571bl4a85edcfa54af977@mail.gmail.com> <4725C3D9.8000506@tds.net> Message-ID: <5df213700710302313g4e128ce6tbca45a624798a20b@mail.gmail.com> On 10/29/07, Kent Johnson <kent37 at tds.net> wrote: > > Aditya Lal wrote: > > or use types module > > > > import types > > > > if type(n) == types.IntType or type(n) == types.LongType : > > blah! > > A few notes: > - If you look at types.py, you find > IntType = int > LongType = long > > and so on for all the built-in types, so there is no need or advantage > to importing types vs > if type(n) == int > > - Common Python practice is to prefer the least restrictive type check > possible. For Dick's specific case it doesn't matter, but I generally > use isinstance() instead of checking for a specific type. The difference > is that isinstance() is true for subtypes as well as the named type. You > can also pass a tuple of types to isinstance() so you can say > if isinstance(n, (int, long)) > > Kent > > I completely agree that the check " type(n) == int " is very intuitive and simple. Its just that there are many more types that the basic ones and 'types' module provide a "consistent" way for checking for types. As an example - consider a function : def execMyFun( f ) : if type(f) == types.GeneratorType : return f.next() elif type(f) == types.FunctionType : return f() else : raise Exception("Invalid type for f : " + type(f) ) Here types module came to the rescue which otherwise I would have written using exception handling. *Well ! if you have a cleaner solution do let me know.* BTW, isinstance is cool :) as it checks for all subclasses as well - didn't think of that. -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071031/36c299fc/attachment-0001.htm From aditya.n.lal at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 08:43:12 2007 From: aditya.n.lal at gmail.com (Aditya Lal) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 13:13:12 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <5df213700710310043j5da5f9e0u70e773767f25768@mail.gmail.com> On 10/31/07, Orest Kozyar <orest.kozyar at gmail.com> wrote: > > > Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). > > Sorry, I should have included the traceback. I've revised the sample > script > so that it generates the traceback when run. The sample script is at the > very bottom of this email. > > ####### SCRIPT OUTPUT ####### > [kozyar]:~$ python example.py > > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully shelved XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842422 > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "example.py", line 30, in <module> > data[badkey] = doc > File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/shelve.py", line 123, in __setitem__ > p.dump(value) > > RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded > > Exception exceptions.RuntimeError: 'maximum recursion depth exceeded' in > <bound method DbfilenameShelf.__del__ of {'16842423': > <xml.dom.minidom.Document instance at 0x96f290>}> ignored > > > ####### START SCRIPT ####### > import urllib, shelve > from xml.dom import minidom > > baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' > > params = { > 'db': 'pubmed', > 'retmode': 'xml', > 'rettype': 'medline' > } > > badkey = '16842422' > goodkey = '16842423' #or just about any other ID > > data = shelve.open('data.tmp', writeback=True) > > params['id'] = goodkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % > goodkey > data[goodkey] = doc > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % goodkey > > params['id'] = badkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey > data[badkey] = doc > #Will fail on the above line > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey > > The program worked fine for me (python 2.5.1 - stackless on Mac OSX). Can you provide details about your platform (python version, OS, etc.) ? -- Aditya -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071031/7abcd549/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 31 12:48:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 07:48:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] question re type() In-Reply-To: <5df213700710302313g4e128ce6tbca45a624798a20b@mail.gmail.com> References: <20071027112905.AFC3C1E4005@bag.python.org> <ffv9ed$6m3$1@ger.gmane.org> <5df213700710270652i1c38571bl4a85edcfa54af977@mail.gmail.com> <4725C3D9.8000506@tds.net> <5df213700710302313g4e128ce6tbca45a624798a20b@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47286B89.1030405@tds.net> Aditya Lal wrote: > On 10/29/07, *Kent Johnson* <kent37 at tds.net <mailto:kent37 at tds.net>> wrote: > - Common Python practice is to prefer the least restrictive type check > possible. > I completely agree that the check " type(n) == int " is very intuitive > and simple. Its just that there are many more types that the basic ones > and 'types' module provide a "consistent" way for checking for types. Yes, for some types it is easiest to import types and use its definitions. Whether to use types.IntegerType or int is a matter of preference, I suppose. > As > an example - consider a function : > > def execMyFun( f ) : > if type(f) == types.GeneratorType : > return f.next() > elif type(f) == types.FunctionType : > return f() > else : > raise Exception("Invalid type for f : " + type(f) ) > > Here types module came to the rescue which otherwise I would have > written using exception handling. /Well ! if you have a cleaner solution > do let me know./ You probably should write this using exception handling. The least restrictive type check is to check for the specific operations you need, rather that checking for a type that supports the operation. This can be done with preflight checks - known as Look Before You Leap - or by trying an operation and catching exceptions in case of failure, known as Easier to Ask Forgiveness than Permission. In this case, it seems that if f implements the iterator protocol then you want the next item and if f is callable then you want to just call it. In both cases checking for specific operations or trying the operation and catching any exception will allow a wider range of parameters. For example, next() is meaningful for generators, iterators on built-in types, user-defined iterators (defined with classes). In [129]: import types In [130]: i=iter([1]) In [131]: type(i) Out[131]: <type 'listiterator'> In [132]: type(i)==types.GeneratorType Out[132]: False In [133]: isinstance(i, types.GeneratorType) Out[133]: False In [134]: i.next Out[134]: <method-wrapper 'next' of listiterator object at 0x20d0050> Function call is valid for functions, bound methods, and instances of any class that defines a __call__() method. Here is a less restrictive LBYL implementation of your function: def execMyFun( f ) : if hasattr(f, 'next') and callable(f.next): return f.next() elif callable(f): return f() else : raise Exception("Invalid type for f : " + type(f) ) Here in an EAFP implementation: def execMyFun( f ) : try: return f.next() except AttributeError: pass try: return f() except TypeError: pass raise Exception("Invalid type for f : " + type(f) ) I think I prefer the LBYL version here, it allows the same values for f and it won't hide AttributeErrors and TypeErrors raised by calling f.next() or f(). Finally you should probably raise TypeError which is "raised when an operation or function is applied to an object of inappropriate type." Kent From dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com Wed Oct 31 13:41:42 2007 From: dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com (Dinesh B Vadhia) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 05:41:42 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Inverted Index Message-ID: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> Hello! Anyone know of any example/cookbook code for implementing inverted indexes? Cheers Dinesh -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071031/71b8e6e9/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 31 15:48:07 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 10:48:07 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Inverted Index In-Reply-To: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> References: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> Message-ID: <472895A7.10904@tds.net> Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > Hello! Anyone know of any example/cookbook code for implementing > inverted indexes? Can you say more about what you are trying to do? Maybe PyLucene is interesting: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2006-April/046116.html http://pylucene.osafoundation.org/ Kent From dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com Wed Oct 31 16:04:20 2007 From: dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com (Dinesh B Vadhia) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 08:04:20 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Inverted Index References: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> <472895A7.10904@tds.net> Message-ID: <BAY109-DAV5BA708A2D8C6E451C483CA3930@phx.gbl> Sure! To create an inverted index of a very large matrix (M x N with M<>N and M>10m rows). Most times the matrix will be sparse but sometimes it won't be. Most times the matrix will consist of 0's and 1's but sometimes it won't. Hope that helps. Dinesh ----- Original Message ----- From: Kent Johnson To: Dinesh B Vadhia Cc: tutor at python.org Sent: Wednesday, October 31, 2007 7:48 AM Subject: Re: [Tutor] Inverted Index Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > Hello! Anyone know of any example/cookbook code for implementing > inverted indexes? Can you say more about what you are trying to do? Maybe PyLucene is interesting: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2006-April/046116.html http://pylucene.osafoundation.org/ Kent -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071031/5c10fed8/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 31 16:16:59 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 11:16:59 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Inverted Index In-Reply-To: <BAY109-DAV5BA708A2D8C6E451C483CA3930@phx.gbl> References: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> <472895A7.10904@tds.net> <BAY109-DAV5BA708A2D8C6E451C483CA3930@phx.gbl> Message-ID: <47289C6B.9050305@tds.net> Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > Sure! To create an inverted index of a very large matrix (M x N with > M<>N and M>10m rows). Most times the matrix will be sparse but > sometimes it won't be. Most times the matrix will consist of 0's and > 1's but sometimes it won't. How is the matrix represented? Is it in a numpy array? a dict? or... Kent > > Hope that helps. > > Dinesh > > > ----- Original Message ----- > *From:* Kent Johnson <mailto:kent37 at tds.net> > *To:* Dinesh B Vadhia <mailto:dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com> > *Cc:* tutor at python.org <mailto:tutor at python.org> > *Sent:* Wednesday, October 31, 2007 7:48 AM > *Subject:* Re: [Tutor] Inverted Index > > Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > > Hello! Anyone know of any example/cookbook code for implementing > > inverted indexes? > > Can you say more about what you are trying to do? > > Maybe PyLucene is interesting: > http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2006-April/046116.html > http://pylucene.osafoundationorg/ <http://pylucene.osafoundation.org/> > > Kent From rdm at rcblue.com Wed Oct 31 18:54:24 2007 From: rdm at rcblue.com (Dick Moores) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 10:54:24 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071031175437.9805F1E400A@bag.python.org> At 03:49 AM 10/30/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: >Dick Moores wrote: > >>>>2. I've used 1 for White player, -1 for Black player, and (-1)*player >>>>to alternate players. Is there a better way? >>>>3. I've used a lot of variables. Too Many? >>> >>>I think it might work well to either put the player variables into >>>lists or simple classes. >>I have no confidence with classes, but how about this for lists: >>playerName = ['', 'White', 'Black'] >>moveCounter = [0, whiteMoveCounter, blackMoveCounter} >>remainingPlayerTime = [0, remainingWhiteTime, remainingBlackTime] > >>Is that something like what you were thinking? > >No. I was thinking more like this: >whitePlayer = [ 'White', whiteMoveCounter, remainingWhiteTime] >blackPlayer = [ 'Black', blackMoveCounter, remainingBlackTime] > >You could even define offsets: >NAME = 0 >MOVES = 1 >TIME = 2 > >and refer to >currentPlayer[NAME] Done, I think. Seems to be a big improvement. <http://www.rcblue.com/Python/chessTimerForWebV12.py> You'll notice I've given up for the time being on trying to have it useable by unix-ers. This meant that I could use winsound again to get 3 short beeps when a player reaches his time limit and loses. > From here to simple classes is not a big step: > >class player(object): > def __init__(self, name, moveCounter, remainingTime): > self.name = name > self.moveCounter = moveCounter > self.remainingTime = remainingTime > >whitePlayer = player('White', 1, timeLimit) >blackPlayer = player('Black', 1, timeLimit) > >Then playerName(player) becomes player.name and >remainingPlayerTime(player) becomes player.remainingTime. Well, Kent (and Bob Gailer), thanks for trying to help with classes, but I still don't get them. I've just got to spend time with using classes in much simpler scripts. You guys may think my chessTimer is a piece of cake, but it stretched me a lot even without classes. >>Any thoughts about my number 6?: "I thought I had a way to make >>this script useable on unix as well >>as Windows. Thus the section with the 3 classes. But it won't run on >>unix, because it was necessary to import msvcrt outside of the >>classes--it wouldn't compile otherwise, and because of the need for >>the line 'if msvcrt.kbhit():' > >Why do you need to call kbhit() at all? Why not just call getch() >and wait for the next character? I answered this earlier, in my post of Tue, 30 Oct 2007 22:25:45 -0700 . Dick From dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com Wed Oct 31 19:02:16 2007 From: dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com (Dinesh B Vadhia) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 11:02:16 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Inverted Index References: <BAY109-DAV125440F4D6FEE6150A059FA3930@phx.gbl> <472895A7.10904@tds.net> <BAY109-DAV5BA708A2D8C6E451C483CA3930@phx.gbl> <47289C6B.9050305@tds.net> Message-ID: <BAY109-DAV131DD92FE07B398C175F68A3930@phx.gbl> A NumPy matrix (because we have to perform a dot matrix multiplication prior to creating an inverted index). Thank-you! ----- Original Message ----- From: Kent Johnson To: Dinesh B Vadhia Cc: tutor at python.org Sent: Wednesday, October 31, 2007 8:16 AM Subject: Re: [Tutor] Inverted Index Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > Sure! To create an inverted index of a very large matrix (M x N with > M<>N and M>10m rows). Most times the matrix will be sparse but > sometimes it won't be. Most times the matrix will consist of 0's and > 1's but sometimes it won't. How is the matrix represented? Is it in a numpy array? a dict? or... Kent > > Hope that helps. > > Dinesh > > > ----- Original Message ----- > *From:* Kent Johnson <mailto:kent37 at tds.net> > *To:* Dinesh B Vadhia <mailto:dineshbvadhia at hotmail.com> > *Cc:* tutor at python.org <mailto:tutor at python.org> > *Sent:* Wednesday, October 31, 2007 7:48 AM > *Subject:* Re: [Tutor] Inverted Index > > Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > > Hello! Anyone know of any example/cookbook code for implementing > > inverted indexes? > > Can you say more about what you are trying to do? > > Maybe PyLucene is interesting: > http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2006-April/046116.html > http://pylucene.osafoundationorg/ <http://pylucene.osafoundation.org/> > > Kent -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071031/044fe3b0/attachment-0001.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 31 19:40:34 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 14:40:34 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Looking for suggestions for improving chessTimer.py code In-Reply-To: <20071031175437.9805F1E400A@bag.python.org> References: <20071025163428.A2F241E400A@bag.python.org> <20071026091813.BE7CC1E401F@bag.python.org> <20071029221433.69B1A1E4007@bag.python.org> <47268AFE.2060800@tds.net> <20071030041820.E34881E401C@bag.python.org> <47270C23.2020101@tds.net> <20071031175437.9805F1E400A@bag.python.org> Message-ID: <4728CC22.30305@tds.net> Dick Moores wrote: > At 03:49 AM 10/30/2007, Kent Johnson wrote: >> From here to simple classes is not a big step: >> >> class player(object): >> def __init__(self, name, moveCounter, remainingTime): >> self.name = name >> self.moveCounter = moveCounter >> self.remainingTime = remainingTime >> >> whitePlayer = player('White', 1, timeLimit) >> blackPlayer = player('Black', 1, timeLimit) >> >> Then playerName(player) becomes player.name and >> remainingPlayerTime(player) becomes player.remainingTime. > > Well, Kent (and Bob Gailer), thanks for trying to help with classes, > but I still don't get them. I've just got to spend time with using > classes in much simpler scripts. You guys may think my chessTimer is > a piece of cake, but it stretched me a lot even without classes. You aren't going to find a simpler use of classes. Maybe a simpler script to use classes, but not a simpler class. All you need to do (I think) is add the class definition, change the two lines that create whitePlayer and blackPlayer, then change each list access, such as currentPlayer[NAME] to an attribute access like currentPlayer.name Once you do that I think you will have a working program, then you can think about possibly moving some code into methods. Kent From orsenthil at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 21:09:11 2007 From: orsenthil at gmail.com (O.R.Senthil Kumaran) Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2007 01:39:11 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Build exe on Vista, have it run on XP? In-Reply-To: <82b4f5810710290759h33b5f8e3ja5a32cd1b668a74a@mail.gmail.com> References: <82b4f5810710290759h33b5f8e3ja5a32cd1b668a74a@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071031200911.GA3578@gmail.com> * Michael Langford <mlangford.cs03 at gtalumni.org> [2007-10-29 10:59:34]: > I'm trying to build a exe on a vista system using py2exe. It will deploy to > vista and XP systems. If it matters, the application uses pyserial, as well. Before you proceed with lot of other experiments, my suggestion would be build exes on VISTA and XP separately, and trying running on the other system. I am assuming the either of the two. a) VISTA dlls should be backward compatible with XP, which your issue indicates that you faced problems. b) functionality which is provided by exe built on XP, should be provided by VISTA as well. I would also suggest to check the files and for any incompatible ones, ship both. I doubt, if renaming of msvcrt.dll to something like msvcrt1.dll will work if you have carry both. Just a little research on py2exe checking if we can ship two same named dlls in perhaps different folders can help. Thanks, Senthil -- O.R.Senthil Kumaran http://uthcode.sarovar.org From orest.kozyar at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 21:27:12 2007 From: orest.kozyar at gmail.com (Orest Kozyar) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 16:27:12 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <5df213700710310043j5da5f9e0u70e773767f25768@mail.gmail.com> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <5df213700710310043j5da5f9e0u70e773767f25768@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <002601c81bfc$6c396b30$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> This is on: Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Oct 19 2007, 09:46:41) [GCC 4.1.2 20070925 (Red Hat 4.1.2-27)] on linux2 Redhat Fedora release 7 (Moonshine) x86 64 bit processor (SMP) > The program worked fine for me (python 2.5.1 - stackless on > Mac OSX). Can you provide details about your platform (python > version, OS, etc.) ? From orest.kozyar at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 23:00:10 2007 From: orest.kozyar at gmail.com (Orest Kozyar) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 18:00:10 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <5df213700710310043j5da5f9e0u70e773767f25768@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <003301c81c09$69523de0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> I should also add that when I run this script on my laptop (Windows XP, Python 2.5 r25:51908, 32 bit x84), it does not even print a stacktrace. The interpreter just dumps me back out to the command line. When I use the version of python that comes with cygwin (Python 2.5.1 r251:54863), I get the following error: 12 [main] python2.5 2700 _cygtls::handle_exceptions: Error while dumping state (probably corrupted stack) > -----Original Message----- > From: Orest Kozyar [mailto:orest.kozyar at gmail.com] > Sent: Wednesday, October 31, 2007 4:27 PM > To: 'Aditya Lal' > Cc: 'Bob Gailer'; 'tutor at python.org' > Subject: RE: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED > > This is on: > > Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Oct 19 2007, 09:46:41) > [GCC 4.1.2 20070925 (Red Hat 4.1.2-27)] on linux2 > Redhat Fedora release 7 (Moonshine) > x86 64 bit processor (SMP) > > > The program worked fine for me (python 2.5.1 - stackless on > > Mac OSX). Can you provide details about your platform (python > > version, OS, etc.) ? From brunson at brunson.com Wed Oct 31 23:39:03 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 16:39:03 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <47290407.6090203@brunson.com> Orest Kozyar wrote: >> Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). >> > > Sorry, I should have included the traceback. I've revised the sample script > so that it generates the traceback when run. The sample script is at the > very bottom of this email. > > ####### SCRIPT OUTPUT ####### > [kozyar]:~$ python example.py > > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully shelved XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842422 > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "example.py", line 30, in <module> > data[badkey] = doc > File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/shelve.py", line 123, in __setitem__ > p.dump(value) > RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded > > Exception exceptions.RuntimeError: 'maximum recursion depth exceeded' in > <bound method DbfilenameShelf.__del__ of {'16842423': > <xml.dom.minidom.Document instance at 0x96f290>}> ignored > > > ####### START SCRIPT ####### > import urllib, shelve > from xml.dom import minidom > > baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' > > params = { > 'db': 'pubmed', > 'retmode': 'xml', > 'rettype': 'medline' > } > > badkey = '16842422' > goodkey = '16842423' #or just about any other ID > > data = shelve.open('data.tmp', writeback=True) > > params['id'] = goodkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % goodkey > data[goodkey] = doc > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % goodkey > > params['id'] = badkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey > The problem seems to be with pickling the doc object. try adding: import pickle print pickle.dumps(doc) right here in your code. Are you sure the XML is well formed? If nothing else, you could try shelving the XML rather than the doc. > data[badkey] = doc > #Will fail on the above line > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From brunson at brunson.com Wed Oct 31 23:46:09 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 16:46:09 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <472905B1.8070508@brunson.com> Orest Kozyar wrote: >> Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). >> > > Sorry, I should have included the traceback. I've revised the sample script > so that it generates the traceback when run. The sample script is at the > very bottom of this email. > It appears you have a cyclic reference in your doc object. Try adding "doc.unlink()" before you add it to your shelf. > ####### SCRIPT OUTPUT ####### > [kozyar]:~$ python example.py > > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully shelved XML document with ID 16842423 > Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID 16842422 > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "example.py", line 30, in <module> > data[badkey] = doc > File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/shelve.py", line 123, in __setitem__ > p.dump(value) > RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded > > Exception exceptions.RuntimeError: 'maximum recursion depth exceeded' in > <bound method DbfilenameShelf.__del__ of {'16842423': > <xml.dom.minidom.Document instance at 0x96f290>}> ignored > > > ####### START SCRIPT ####### > import urllib, shelve > from xml.dom import minidom > > baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' > > params = { > 'db': 'pubmed', > 'retmode': 'xml', > 'rettype': 'medline' > } > > badkey = '16842422' > goodkey = '16842423' #or just about any other ID > > data = shelve.open('data.tmp', writeback=True) > > params['id'] = goodkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % goodkey > data[goodkey] = doc > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % goodkey > > params['id'] = badkey > url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) > doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) > print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey > data[badkey] = doc > #Will fail on the above line > print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 31 23:51:00 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 18:51:00 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] perplexing error with shelve REVISED In-Reply-To: <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> References: <001401c81b15$663ff5b0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> <47277521.2090802@alum.rpi.edu> <002101c81b23$936452d0$bd32000a@meei.harvard.edu> Message-ID: <472906D4.8010602@tds.net> Orest Kozyar wrote: >> Please post the entire traceback (omitting duplicate lines). > > Sorry, I should have included the traceback. I've revised the sample script > so that it generates the traceback when run. The sample script is at the > very bottom of this email. I've poked at this a little. The problem is in the pickling of the minidom object. It fails for me using Python 2.5.1 (r251:54869, Apr 18 2007, 22:08:04) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5367)] on darwin If you use pickle instead of cPickle the stack trace at least shows the recursive calls. Here is a slightly shorter program that demonstrates the problem a little better: import urllib from pickle import Pickler from cStringIO import StringIO from xml.dom import minidom baseurl = 'http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?' params = { 'db': 'pubmed', 'retmode': 'xml', 'rettype': 'medline', } badkey = '16842422' params['id'] = badkey url = baseurl + urllib.urlencode(params) doc = minidom.parseString(urllib.urlopen(url).read()) print 'Successfully retrieved and parsed XML document with ID %s' % badkey f = StringIO() p = Pickler(f, 0) p.dump(doc) #Will fail on the above line print 'Successfully shelved XML document with ID %s' % badkey Here is the top of the stack trace: File "BadShelve.py", line 35, in <module> p.dump(doc) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 224, in dump self.save(obj) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 286, in save f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 725, in save_inst save(stuff) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 286, in save f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict self._batch_setitems(obj.iteritems()) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems save(v) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 286, in save f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/pickle.py", line 725, in save_inst save(stuff) You might want to take this to comp.lang.python or perhaps xml-sig. Kent From ricaraoz at gmail.com Wed Oct 31 14:21:53 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 10:21:53 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Problem with msvcrt Message-ID: <47288171.7050106@bigfoot.com> Hi, was just checking msvcrt module, tried a sample script : >>> import time >>> import msvcrt >>> while True : if msvcrt.kbhit() : key = msvcrt.getch() if key == 'h' : print 'Hello' if key == 'b' : print 'Bye' if key == '\r' : # <Enter> break else : time.sleep(0.1) < Now I keyboard 'h'..... nothing happens (an 'h' appears in idle) > < keyboard 'b'...... nothing still (a 'b' appears) > < keyboard <Enter>...... nothing > < keyboard <Ctrl>+<c> and then : Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#16>", line 11, in <module> time.sleep(0.1) KeyboardInterrupt hb >>> This is XP with 2.5 in Idle. Any ideas? Thx

From bob.nienhuis at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 01:05:48 2007 From: bob.nienhuis at gmail.com (Bob Nienhuis) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 15:05:48 -0800 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> BTW, GMail brings up some interesting sponsored links when the subject line has string.strip in it ( :-0) On 9/30/07, Alan Gauld wrote: > > > "wesley chun" wrote in message > news:78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202 at mail.gmail.com... > >> > I'm not sure how to proceed. My biggest stumbling > >> > block is how to detect the leading and trailing > >> > whitespace. > >> > >> Use indexing. > >> Try using a while loop. > >> Or maybe two? > >> > >> And strings have an isspace method... > > > > unfortunately, the isspace() string method only returns True if all > > chars in the string are whitespace chars and False otherwise, so > > that's a bummer. > > But the string can be one character long: > > s = 'fred\n' > print s[-1].isspace() # --> True > > :-) > > Alan G > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20070930/c8a1d7ee/attachment-0001.htm From mwalsh at groktech.org Mon Oct 1 02:44:35 2007 From: mwalsh at groktech.org (Martin Walsh) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 19:44:35 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] CGI File Woes In-Reply-To: <939808.45127.qm@web32411.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <939808.45127.qm@web32411.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <470042F3.6030108@groktech.org> wormwood_3 wrote: > Those examples were a lot of help Martin. Turned out the only issue was that I did not have this line right: > > print "Content-type: text/html\n\n" Sam, Glad the examples helped. I should probably fess up and point out that I mistakenly added an additional newline to that print statement. You only need one, as the print itself will append an extra. So by adding the addition \n, a blank line will be sent to the browser as part of the page content, which shouldn't be a problem for text/html content-types. But as soon as you want to serve up another content-type (eg. image/png) you may run into odd problems. So, the corrected print statement should look like this: print "Content-type: text/html\n" or as described in the docs, http://docs.python.org/lib/cgi-intro.html print "Content-type: text/html" print HTH, Marty > > With that form, it loaded just fine. It had been running fine from the terminal, but without this line being right, Apache did not know what to do with it. > > I had spoken with my web-hosting provider, but since I had a shared account I was unable to view the server logs. And the person helping me knew nothing about Python (he kept slipping and calling it PHP actually, to my dismay and chagrin:-) ). > > Thanks for all the help, Alan and Martin. > > -Sam > > _________________ > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Martin Walsh > To: tutor at python.org > Sent: Sunday, September 30, 2007 1:07:02 PM > Subject: Re: [Tutor] CGI File Woes > > No doubt cgitb is a great tool for debugging cgi, but IIUC there are at > least two instances when you will not get the pretty printed tracebacks > in the browser when using cgitb. One is after, what I would call, a > 'compile time' exception such as SyntaxError, in your python code. The > other is when the python code runs without exception, but you have not > separated the header and the document content with a newline. At least, > I have found these to be true when using apache-cgi. > > Consider the following examples: > > #!/usr/bin/env python > # raises a SyntaxError > > import cgi > import cgitb; cgitb.enable() > > print "Content-type: text/html\n\n" > # NOTE: purposeful misspelling of the print statement > prin "

Hello, world!

" > > # the code above will produce a server 500, with apache > # complaining about "premature end of script headers" From varsha.purohit at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 03:38:57 2007 From: varsha.purohit at gmail.com (Varsha Purohit) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 18:38:57 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] printing bitmap image dynamically reading data in wxpython Message-ID: Hello All, I want to create a wxpython program where i am reading a list having integer values like [1,2,3,4]. and i need to display the output value as bitmap image which shd be coloured after reading the values. Like 1=red, 2=yellow, 3=orange etc and it displays the output in colours at proper coordinates by matching values of the array. I need to make a script file for arcgis tool which converts the ascii data to a coloured bitmap image at given coordinates. thanks, -- Varsha Purohit, Graduate Student, San Diego State University -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20070930/801bac5f/attachment.htm From varsha.purohit at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 04:46:16 2007 From: varsha.purohit at gmail.com (Varsha Purohit) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 19:46:16 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] creating image from a given data in wxpython Message-ID: Hi All, I basically wanna create a bitmap image in python. This will be basically in pixels. X and y coordinates will be specified in the program and python should create an image by matching the colours. I came across a function called wx.ImageFromData which book claims that it creates a bitmap image in pixels. But i am not getting proper implementation of this function on net... thanks,, Varsha On 9/30/07, Varsha Purohit wrote: > > Hello All, > > I want to create a wxpython program where i am reading a list having > integer values like [1,2,3,4]. and i need to display the output value as > bitmap image which shd be coloured after reading the values. Like 1=red, > 2=yellow, 3=orange etc and it displays the output in colours at proper > coordinates by matching values of the array. I need to make a script file > for arcgis tool which converts the ascii data to a coloured bitmap image at > given coordinates. > > thanks, > -- > Varsha Purohit, > Graduate Student, > San Diego State University -- Varsha Purohit, Graduate Student, -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20070930/a35dc421/attachment.htm From witham.ian at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 05:05:36 2007 From: witham.ian at gmail.com (Ian Witham) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 15:05:36 +1200 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] creating image from a given data in wxpython In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On 10/1/07, Varsha Purohit wrote: > > Hi All, > I basically wanna create a bitmap image in python. This will be > basically in pixels. X and y coordinates will be specified in the program > and python should create an image by matching the colours. I came across a > function called wx.ImageFromData which book claims that it creates a > bitmap image in pixels. But i am not getting proper implementation of this > function on net... Hi Varsha, I have not delved too deeply into WX, but I have made bitmaps from data using TKinter's canvas. I found it to be a very slow way to do things (both in programming and in execution speed) and I ended up using the Python Image Library (PIL) instead. If you don't really need the GUI capabilities of WX for this project then PIL is probably a better tool for the job. Ian. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/8fd7cfaa/attachment.htm From linpeiheng at 163.com Mon Oct 1 04:52:37 2007 From: linpeiheng at 163.com (=?gb2312?B?wdbF4Lrj?=) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 10:52:37 +0800 Subject: [Tutor] How to Practice Python?(Linpeiheng) Message-ID: <47006476.08ADDF.17520@m5-84.163.com> I am learning Python. Do you know somewhere I can practice Python? I means some sites where have exercises I can try solving. And there should be standard answer or other people's answer that can be refered. From wormwood_3 at yahoo.com Mon Oct 1 05:20:00 2007 From: wormwood_3 at yahoo.com (wormwood_3) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 20:20:00 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating Message-ID: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Hello all, I am trying to think of a way to make this happen, but it may not be at all possible:-) I would like to use Python to generate pages on demand for my website. By this I mean, when someone hits www.mysite.com/pagex.html, I want to generate the page pagex.html via a Python script. I have a script setup that can generate a page from a template file and a file with the body and title of the page in particular I want to generate. Now from this, I need to somehow be able to respond to requests, and then generate the page based on the page requested. I want to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot install a web framework like Django, and the site's pages will be rather simple. At the same time, I would like to use templating, so I do not have repeated identical code between the pages. Any ideas on this? Thanks, Sam From witham.ian at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 05:52:38 2007 From: witham.ian at gmail.com (Ian Witham) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 15:52:38 +1200 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: On 10/1/07, wormwood_3 wrote: > > Hello all, > > I am trying to think of a way to make this happen, but it may not be at > all possible:-) I would like to use Python to generate pages on demand for > my website. By this I mean, when someone hits www.mysite.com/pagex.html, I > want to generate the page pagex.html via a Python script. > > I have a script setup that can generate a page from a template file and a > file with the body and title of the page in particular I want to generate. > Now from this, I need to somehow be able to respond to requests, and then > generate the page based on the page requested. I want to do this because my > site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot install a web framework > like Django, and the site's pages will be rather simple. At the same time, I > would like to use templating, so I do not have repeated identical code > between the pages. > > Any ideas on this? It sounds like you want to use CGI. I think virtually all web servers support it and there are a ton of CGI tutorials on the web Ian. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/36af6e02/attachment.htm From wormwood_3 at yahoo.com Mon Oct 1 06:05:39 2007 From: wormwood_3 at yahoo.com (wormwood_3) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 21:05:39 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating Message-ID: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Well yes and no:-) This sort of application would fall under the sprawling category of CGI, yes, and I can use Python scripts on my web server, so it is supported. But nearly every tutorial I have seen regarding Python and CGI only have to do with form submissions, doing calculations and other things with data sent from webpages to Python scripts. But that is not really what I want to do. I am wondering what a script would need to do to take requests for pages on my site, and generate them from templates. I am not sure if I can do this without having access to Apache rewrite rules, etc. Perhaps this is just another area of CGI that I missed and have not seen tutorials on. If it is and you have seen some, please share! -Sam ________________ ----- Original Message ---- From: Ian Witham To: wormwood_3 Cc: Python Tutorlist Sent: Sunday, September 30, 2007 11:52:38 PM Subject: Re: [Tutor] Really basic web templating On 10/1/07, wormwood_3 wrote: Hello all, I am trying to think of a way to make this happen, but it may not be at all possible:-) I would like to use Python to generate pages on demand for my website. By this I mean, when someone hits www.mysite.com/pagex.html, I want to generate the page pagex.html via a Python script. I have a script setup that can generate a page from a template file and a file with the body and title of the page in particular I want to generate. Now from this, I need to somehow be able to respond to requests, and then generate the page based on the page requested. I want to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot install a web framework like Django, and the site's pages will be rather simple. At the same time, I would like to use templating, so I do not have repeated identical code between the pages. Any ideas on this? It sounds like you want to use CGI. I think virtually all web servers support it and there are a ton of CGI tutorials on the web Ian. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20070930/7b14f42c/attachment-0001.htm From steve at alchemy.com Mon Oct 1 06:41:12 2007 From: steve at alchemy.com (Steve Willoughby) Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 21:41:12 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <47007A68.9000006@alchemy.com> wormwood_3 wrote: > Well yes and no:-) This sort of application would fall under the > sprawling category of CGI, yes, and I can use Python scripts on my web > server, so it is supported. But nearly every tutorial I have seen > regarding Python and CGI only have to do with form submissions, doing > calculations and other things with data sent from webpages to Python > scripts. But that is not really what I want to do. I am wondering what a > script would need to do to take requests for pages on my site, and > generate them from templates. I am not sure if I can do this without > having access to Apache rewrite rules, etc. > > Perhaps this is just another area of CGI that I missed and have not seen > tutorials on. If it is and you have seen some, please share! > Yes, it's just another area of CGI that you missed. Things like wikis do this, for one example. If you request a URL you get a script which serves the page if it exists, or creates a blank one if it doesn't. You can use Python's string template module as an easy way to format up variable text into style templates you set up as text files, or use a database backend, or whatever. --steve > -Sam > > ________________ > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Ian Witham > To: wormwood_3 > Cc: Python Tutorlist > Sent: Sunday, September 30, 2007 11:52:38 PM > Subject: Re: [Tutor] Really basic web templating > > > > On 10/1/07, *wormwood_3* > wrote: > > Hello all, > > I am trying to think of a way to make this happen, but it may not be > at all possible:-) I would like to use Python to generate pages on > demand for my website. By this I mean, when someone hits > www.mysite.com/pagex.html , I want > to generate the page pagex.html via a Python script. > > I have a script setup that can generate a page from a template file > and a file with the body and title of the page in particular I want > to generate. Now from this, I need to somehow be able to respond to > requests, and then generate the page based on the page requested. I > want to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I > cannot install a web framework like Django, and the site's pages > will be rather simple. At the same time, I would like to use > templating, so I do not have repeated identical code between the pages. > > Any ideas on this? > > > It sounds like you want to use CGI. I think virtually all web servers > support it and there are a ton of CGI tutorials on the web > > Ian. > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From gtxy20 at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 07:35:02 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 01:35:02 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> Hello, Any way to display the count of the values in a dictionary where the values are stored as a list? here is my dictionary: {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} I would like to display count as follows and I would not know all the value types in the values list: Value QTY a 4 b 3 c 4 Also is there anyway to display the count of the values list combinations so here again is my dictionary: {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} And I would like to display as follows QTY Value List Combination 3 a,b,c 1 a,c Once again all help is much appreciated. M. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/13e41d51/attachment.htm From mail at timgolden.me.uk Mon Oct 1 09:02:29 2007 From: mail at timgolden.me.uk (Tim Golden) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 08:02:29 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Disable keyboard/mouse input on windows? In-Reply-To: <61872.68.191.136.241.1191107303.squirrel@webmail.opmstech.org> References: <61872.68.191.136.241.1191107303.squirrel@webmail.opmstech.org> Message-ID: <47009B85.6060509@timgolden.me.uk> Trey Keown wrote: > Hey everybody, > I was wondering, how could I disable all keyboard/mouse input for the > whole windows system while I have a video playing? So the user can't > press, for example, the super key [one with windows logo on it], and have > the windows menu pop up? > Could this be accomplished somehow through system hooks? In the final analysis, I imagine you *could* do this by digging hard enough. But (a) it won't be easy to do it in a robust way which takes account of all possibilities, and (b) I think any program which acted in this way (locking out all others) would be *very* ill-considered. If you're really set on this, it's probably worth looking for kiosk-mode / internet cafe setups as they presumably do things like this, so maybe Googling for those terms might throw up a solution. TJG From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:33:40 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:33:40 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] How to Practice Python?(Linpeiheng) References: <47006476.08ADDF.17520@m5-84.163.com> Message-ID: "???" wrote > I am learning Python. Do you know somewhere I can practice Python? > I means some sites where have exercises I can try solving. The Useless Python website has some exercises and other small projects. Some have solutions some don't. Also the Python Challenge web site offers a "Game" where you navigate through the lasyers by solving Python puzzles, each using a new feature of Python. > And there should be standard answer or other people's > answer that can be refered. This is harder. There are solutions around for spome of them but not "standard solutions" - I'm not sure what such a thing would look like in a programming context. There are no such things as standard solutions to programming problems, its not like doing math! Some solutions are nicer than othes but each usually has some merit. HTH, Alan G From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:41:02 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:41:02 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating References: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: "wormwood_3" wrote > ...nearly every tutorial I have seen regarding Python and CGI only > have to do with form submissions, Thats the most common use of CGI but really a form submission is just a standard HTTP GET/POST request with some predefined variables. In reality the user requests your python script and whatever the script sends to stdout goes to the browser So all you have to do is read in your header, body and footer and stitch them together then send them to stdout. If you want richer functionality you can use templating engines from the frameworks without the framework being present. For example the kid system used in TurboGears can be used standalone to give sophistoicated templating without anything special being done to the web server. Indeed it can even be used outside a web server context. But from your description simple CGI and Python may be all you need. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:46:35 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:46:35 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Disable keyboard/mouse input on windows? References: <61872.68.191.136.241.1191107303.squirrel@webmail.opmstech.org> Message-ID: "Trey Keown" wrote > I was wondering, how could I disable all keyboard/mouse input for > the > whole windows system while I have a video playing? So the user can't > press, for example, the super key [one with windows logo on it], and > have > the windows menu pop up? > Could this be accomplished somehow through system hooks? Yes it can be done using the low level Windows API calls. You could do that from Python using ctypes. But you really shouldn't! It's very easy to lock up a PC completely if you do that and many users get very cross whem they run a program which completely locks their machine and prevents them using it for other things. After all they paid for a multi-tasking OS why should applications prevent them from using it?! >From a video playing perspective consider too how you might get rid of a warning dialog that Windows (or your anti-virus scanner etc) decides to pop onto the screen while watching the video? You are stuck with a dialog blocking the view which you can't get rid of till the video ends! Alan G From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:53:30 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:53:30 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] creating image from a given data in wxpython References: Message-ID: "Ian Witham" wrote >> I basically wanna create a bitmap image in python. This will be >> basically in pixels. X and y coordinates will be specified in the >> program >> and python should create an image by matching the colours. > I found it to be a very slow way to do things (both in programming > and in > execution speed) and I ended up using the Python Image Library (PIL) > instead. > > If you don't really need the GUI capabilities of WX for this project > then > PIL is probably a better tool for the job. Avtually I'd recommend PIL even if you do need the wxPython GUI capabilities. wxPython will happily display bitmapps created in PIL. Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:50:31 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:50:31 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] printing bitmap image dynamically reading data inwxpython References: Message-ID: "Varsha Purohit" wrote > I want to create a wxpython program where i am reading a list > having > integer values like [1,2,3,4]. and i need to display the output > value as > bitmap image which shd be coloured after reading the values. Like > 1=red, > 2=yellow, 3=orange etc and it displays the output in colours at > proper > coordinates by matching values of the array. Sounds like a fun project. Have you any plans on how to go about it? Are you having problems? Or are you just sharing your excitement at the challenge? > I need to make a script file for arcgis tool which converts the > ascii data to a coloured bitmap image at given coordinates. I dunno much about arcgis but again it sounds like a reasonable thing to do. Let us know how you get on. If you run into problems ask questions we might be able to help. However since it seems to be a homework type exercise we can't solve it for you. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 09:58:48 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:58:48 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: "GTXY20" wrote > Any way to display the count of the values in a dictionary where the > values > are stored as a list? here is my dictionary: > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], > '4': > ['a', 'c']} > > I would like to display count as follows and I would not know all > the value > types in the values list: > > Value QTY > a 4 > b 3 > c 4 Try a list comprehension: data = [(key, len(D[key]) for key in D] Printing that out becomes a simple loop: print "Value\tQTY" for tup in data: print "%s\t%s" % tup > Also is there anyway to display the count of the values list > combinations so > here again is my dictionary: > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], > '4': > ['a', 'c']} > The same approach should work except you change the tuple values: data = [(len(D[key]), D[key]) for key in D] HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From mwalsh at groktech.org Mon Oct 1 10:32:07 2007 From: mwalsh at groktech.org (Martin Walsh) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 03:32:07 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <595371.22030.qm@web32407.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <4700B087.9030603@groktech.org> wormwood_3 wrote: > Well yes and no:-) This sort of application would fall under the > sprawling category of CGI, yes, and I can use Python scripts on my web > server, so it is supported. But nearly every tutorial I have seen > regarding Python and CGI only have to do with form submissions, doing > calculations and other things with data sent from webpages to Python > scripts. But that is not really what I want to do. I am wondering what a > script would need to do to take requests for pages on my site, and > generate them from templates. I am not sure if I can do this without > having access to Apache rewrite rules, etc. I am going to assume from your description that you are looking for a way to use a *single* cgi script to handle all page requests to your site, and respond with the appropriate template based on the requested url. If I have assumed incorrectly then you can safely ignore the rest of this message. :) Some mod_rewrite directives are available to .htaccess, IIRC -- so that may be a valid option, only if your webhost has enabled mod_rewrite of course, and they allow overrides with htaccess. Otherwise, this is a fairly simple task if you are content with "ugly" urls. For example, given a url something like http://mysite.com/mycgi.py?page=index.html, a very basic cgi implementation might look like this: #!/usr/bin/env python import cgi form = cgi.FieldStorage() print "Content-type: text/html\n" try: page = form["page"] except KeyError: print file('custom404error.html').read() else: content = file(page.value).read() # ... do something with content ... print content --- If your webhost has enabled mod_actions (I suppose this is unlikely), you can also do the following in .htaccess (again, only if they allow override): AddHandler my-python-handler .html Action my-python-handler /cgi-bin/handler.py which should force apache to set an environment variable named 'PATH_TRANSLATED' with the value of the requested url, and call 'handler.py' for any requested file with an .html extension (that exists) in that directory -- honestly, I've never attempted this myself -- and there is probably a better way, but it's all I can think of ATM. If the file doesn't exist apache returns a 404, which is only desirable if you plan to store your templates on the filesystem. And you can use the os module to access the cgi environment variables: #!/usr/bin/env python import os print "Content-type: text/plain\n" try: path = os.environ["PATH_TRANSLATED"] except: path = 'PATH_TRANSLATED is not defined.' print "The requested url is:", path --- Perhaps you could convince your webhost to install mod_python, if they haven't already. It's fairly trivial to write a simple mod_python handler to accomplish exactly what you are trying to do. HTH, Marty From aijames at exemail.com.au Mon Oct 1 02:23:16 2007 From: aijames at exemail.com.au (Andrew James) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 10:23:16 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> I've gone ahead and created a script that does this, however it also strips punctuation. I was originally just comparing each character to a string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? (Not the OP, I just thought this would be interesting to do) Bob Nienhuis wrote: > BTW, GMail brings up some interesting sponsored links when the subject > line > has string.strip in it ( :-0) > > On 9/30/07, *Alan Gauld* < alan.gauld at btinternet.com > > wrote: > > > "wesley chun" < wescpy at gmail.com > wrote > in message > news:78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202 at mail.gmail.com... > >> > I'm not sure how to proceed. My biggest stumbling > >> > block is how to detect the leading and trailing > >> > whitespace. > >> > >> Use indexing. > >> Try using a while loop. > >> Or maybe two? > >> > >> And strings have an isspace method... > > > > unfortunately, the isspace() string method only returns True if all > > chars in the string are whitespace chars and False otherwise, so > > that's a bummer. > > But the string can be one character long: > > s = 'fred\n' > print s[-1].isspace() # --> True > > :-) > > Alan G > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > No virus found in this incoming message. > Checked by AVG Free Edition. > Version: 7.5.488 / Virus Database: 269.13.35 - Release Date: 29/09/2007 12:00 AM > From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 12:44:45 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 06:44:45 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <4700CF9D.1020404@tds.net> wormwood_3 wrote: > I want > to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot > install a web framework like Django Another option is to switch to a hosting account that supports Python. I have been working with WebFaction and I'm very happy with them; an account with Django support is available for less than $10/month. Kent From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 13:17:13 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 07:17:13 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > Hello, > > Any way to display the count of the values in a dictionary where the > values are stored as a list? here is my dictionary: > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > ['a', 'c']} > > I would like to display count as follows and I would not know all the > value types in the values list: > > Value QTY > a 4 > b 3 > c 4 You need two nested loops - one to loop over the dictionary values and one to loop over the individual lists. collections.defaultdict is handy for accumulating the counts but you could use a regular dict also: In [4]: d={'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} In [5]: from collections import defaultdict In [6]: counts=defaultdict(int) In [7]: for lst in d.values(): ...: for item in lst: ...: counts[item] += 1 ...: In [8]: counts Out[8]: defaultdict(, {'a': 4, 'c': 4, 'b': 3}) In [10]: for k, v in sorted(counts.items()): ....: print k,v ....: ....: a 4 b 3 c 4 > Also is there anyway to display the count of the values list > combinations so here again is my dictionary: > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > ['a', 'c']} > > > And I would like to display as follows > > QTY Value List Combination > 3 a,b,c > 1 a,c Again you can use a defaultdict to accumulate counts. You can't use a mutable object (such as a list) as a dict key so you have to convert it to a tuple: In [11]: c2=defaultdict(int) In [13]: for v in d.values(): ....: c2[tuple(v)] += 1 ....: In [14]: c2 Out[14]: defaultdict(, {('a', 'b', 'c'): 3, ('a', 'c'): 1}) Printing in order of count requires switching the order of the (key, value) pairs: In [15]: for count, items in sorted( ((v, k) for k, v in c2.items()), reverse=True): ....: print count, ', '.join(items) ....: 3 a, b, c 1 a, c or using a sort key: In [16]: from operator import itemgetter In [17]: for items, count in sorted(c2.items(), key=itemgetter(1), reverse=True): ....: print count, ', '.join(items) ....: 3 a, b, c 1 a, c Kent From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 13:20:05 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 12:20:05 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: "Andrew James" wrote > string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() > I > lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? care to show us what you are doing? >>> ';'.isspace() False So puntuation should not show up as true... Alan G. From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 13:22:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 07:22:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <4700D871.60202@tds.net> Andrew James wrote: > I've gone ahead and created a script that does this, however it also > strips punctuation. I was originally just comparing each character to a > string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I > lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? Hmmm, I seem to have misplaced my glasses of distant screen reading +3 Australia is a bit far for me to look over you shoulder. Maybe you should just post your code here so we can take a look. Kent From wormwood_3 at yahoo.com Mon Oct 1 14:24:49 2007 From: wormwood_3 at yahoo.com (wormwood_3) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 05:24:49 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating Message-ID: <678775.64655.qm@web32404.mail.mud.yahoo.com> My host actually does support Python. But I don't have access to Apache rules nor the level of access to install apps like Django, so I am limited to just scripts I write. But for that price, i will definitely check out WebFaction! -Sam ----- Original Message ---- From: Kent Johnson To: wormwood_3 Cc: Python Tutorlist Sent: Monday, October 1, 2007 6:44:45 AM Subject: Re: [Tutor] Really basic web templating wormwood_3 wrote: > I want > to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot > install a web framework like Django Another option is to switch to a hosting account that supports Python. I have been working with WebFaction and I'm very happy with them; an account with Django support is available for less than $10/month. Kent From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 14:36:03 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 08:36:03 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <678775.64655.qm@web32404.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <678775.64655.qm@web32404.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <4700E9B3.3070605@tds.net> wormwood_3 wrote: > My host actually does support Python. But I don't have access to > Apache rules nor the level of access to install apps like Django, so > I am limited to just scripts I write. Webfaction gives you both - you can install anything you like as long as it doesn't require superuser privileges and you have your own Apache instance that you can tweak any way you like. Kent From janos.juhasz at VELUX.com Mon Oct 1 16:51:53 2007 From: janos.juhasz at VELUX.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=E1nos_Juh=E1sz?=) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 16:51:53 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes Message-ID: Dear Tutors, I would like to make a new class instance, where the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. class ADUser: def __init__(self, **kwargs): for key in kwargs.keys(): self.key = kwargs[k] a = ADUser(name='papa') It isn't working :( Yours sincerely, ______________________________ Janos Juhasz From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 17:06:23 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 11:06:23 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <47010CEF.8020808@tds.net> J?nos Juh?sz wrote: > Dear Tutors, > > I would like to make a new class instance, where > the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. > > class ADUser: > def __init__(self, **kwargs): > for key in kwargs.keys(): > self.key = kwargs[k] This sets the 'key' attribute of self to the value of the keyword. You want to use the value of of key as the attribute name. You can do this with setattr(): setattr(self, key, kwargs[k]) You can also update all the kwargs at once with self.__dict__.update(kwargs) > It isn't working :( A more specific description of the problem is often helpful; for best results copy and paste the exact error message, including the traceback, into your email. Kent From dkuhlman at rexx.com Mon Oct 1 17:21:14 2007 From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 08:21:14 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <20071001152114.GA47826@cutter.rexx.com> On Mon, Oct 01, 2007 at 04:51:53PM +0200, J?nos Juh?sz wrote: > Dear Tutors, > > I would like to make a new class instance, where > the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. > > class ADUser: > def __init__(self, **kwargs): > for key in kwargs.keys(): > self.key = kwargs[k] > You are asking a more sophisticated form of a question that has been asked on this list several times before: "How do I create names in a namespace from string values?" It's likely that you do not really want (or need) to do this. Try the following instead: def __init__(self, **kwargs): self.values = kwargs Then access the values with: x = self.values['name'] or, safer: x = self.values.get('name', '') If you are determined to create names in a namespace, on the fly, look at the "exec" command (http://docs.python.org/ref/exec.html). But, that's a dangerous way to code. Dave -- Dave Kuhlman http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman From mail at timgolden.me.uk Mon Oct 1 17:34:15 2007 From: mail at timgolden.me.uk (Tim Golden) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 16:34:15 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes In-Reply-To: <20071001152114.GA47826@cutter.rexx.com> References: <20071001152114.GA47826@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <47011377.1020507@timgolden.me.uk> Dave Kuhlman wrote: > On Mon, Oct 01, 2007 at 04:51:53PM +0200, J?nos Juh?sz wrote: >> Dear Tutors, >> >> I would like to make a new class instance, where >> the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. >> >> class ADUser: >> def __init__(self, **kwargs): >> for key in kwargs.keys(): >> self.key = kwargs[k] >> > > You are asking a more sophisticated form of a question that has > been asked on this list several times before: > > "How do I create names in a namespace from string values?" > > It's likely that you do not really want (or need) to do this. Also, on the off-chance (from the name of the class) that you're implementing a wrapper around Active Directory, have a look at: http://tgolden.sc.sabren.com/python/active_directory.html to see if it meets your needs already or is at least a starting point. TJG From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 17:58:04 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 11:58:04 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes In-Reply-To: <20071001152114.GA47826@cutter.rexx.com> References: <20071001152114.GA47826@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <4701190C.8040907@tds.net> Dave Kuhlman wrote: > On Mon, Oct 01, 2007 at 04:51:53PM +0200, J?nos Juh?sz wrote: >> Dear Tutors, >> >> I would like to make a new class instance, where >> the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. >> >> class ADUser: >> def __init__(self, **kwargs): >> for key in kwargs.keys(): >> self.key = kwargs[k] >> > > You are asking a more sophisticated form of a question that has > been asked on this list several times before: > > "How do I create names in a namespace from string values?" > > It's likely that you do not really want (or need) to do this. Getting and setting attribute values by name is easy and well supported using getattr() and setattr(). IMO this is not in the same category as setting a variable name in the local or global namespace. The self.__dict__.update(kwargs) method is from a recipe by none other than Alex Martelli: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52308 > If you are determined to create names in a namespace, on the fly, > look at the "exec" command (http://docs.python.org/ref/exec.html). > But, that's a dangerous way to code. In this case setattr() is all that is needed and it is safe. Kent From roychenlei at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 18:07:09 2007 From: roychenlei at gmail.com (Roy Chen) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 00:07:09 +0800 Subject: [Tutor] Location of modules in Mac OS X Message-ID: Hello all, I'm using MacPython 2.5 on OS X 10.4. I was just wondering if all the Python modules are contained in this directory: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/ Also, I've installed the Python Image Library (PIL), and it seems to be installed in this folder: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site- packages/PIL/ Are all external Python modules installed guaranteed to be in this folder? Thanks :) From agunnerson at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 18:14:20 2007 From: agunnerson at gmail.com (Andy) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 10:14:20 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] How to Practice Python?(Linpeiheng) In-Reply-To: References: <47006476.08ADDF.17520@m5-84.163.com> Message-ID: <26e972870710010914j50da07c5id79908fe4b1f3e18@mail.gmail.com> While not Python specific you could to the Ruby quizzes (http://www.rubyquiz.com/). Just look at the problems and write a solution in Python. On 10/1/07, Alan Gauld wrote: > > "???" wrote > > > I am learning Python. Do you know somewhere I can practice Python? > > I means some sites where have exercises I can try solving. > > The Useless Python website has some exercises and other small > projects. > Some have solutions some don't. > > Also the Python Challenge web site offers a "Game" where you > navigate through the lasyers by solving Python puzzles, each > using a new feature of Python. > > > And there should be standard answer or other people's > > answer that can be refered. > > This is harder. There are solutions around for spome of them > but not "standard solutions" - I'm not sure what such a thing would > look like in a programming context. There are no such things > as standard solutions to programming problems, its not like > doing math! > > Some solutions are nicer than othes but each usually has some merit. > > HTH, > > Alan G > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- -Andy "I have a great faith in fools; self-confidence my friends call it." ? Edgar Allen Poe From gtxy20 at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 18:21:22 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 12:21:22 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> This works perfectly. However I will be dealing with an import of a very large dictionary - if I call the commands at command line this seems to be very taxing on the CPU and memory and will take a long time. I was thinking of creating each as a fucntion whereby python would just to write to a file instead of calling within a python shell do you think that this would speed up the process? All in total I will probably be looking at about 2 million dictionary keys with assorted value quantities. M. On 10/1/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > GTXY20 wrote: > > Hello, > > > > Any way to display the count of the values in a dictionary where the > > values are stored as a list? here is my dictionary: > > > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > > ['a', 'c']} > > > > I would like to display count as follows and I would not know all the > > value types in the values list: > > > > Value QTY > > a 4 > > b 3 > > c 4 > > You need two nested loops - one to loop over the dictionary values and > one to loop over the individual lists. collections.defaultdict is handy > for accumulating the counts but you could use a regular dict also: > > In [4]: d={'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', > 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} > In [5]: from collections import defaultdict > In [6]: counts=defaultdict(int) > In [7]: for lst in d.values(): > ...: for item in lst: > ...: counts[item] += 1 > ...: > In [8]: counts > Out[8]: defaultdict(, {'a': 4, 'c': 4, 'b': 3}) > > In [10]: for k, v in sorted(counts.items()): > ....: print k,v > ....: > ....: > a 4 > b 3 > c 4 > > > > Also is there anyway to display the count of the values list > > combinations so here again is my dictionary: > > > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > > ['a', 'c']} > > > > > > And I would like to display as follows > > > > QTY Value List Combination > > 3 a,b,c > > 1 a,c > > Again you can use a defaultdict to accumulate counts. You can't use a > mutable object (such as a list) as a dict key so you have to convert it > to a tuple: > > In [11]: c2=defaultdict(int) > In [13]: for v in d.values(): > ....: c2[tuple(v)] += 1 > ....: > In [14]: c2 > Out[14]: defaultdict(, {('a', 'b', 'c'): 3, ('a', 'c'): 1}) > > Printing in order of count requires switching the order of the (key, > value) pairs: > > In [15]: for count, items in sorted( ((v, k) for k, v in c2.items()), > reverse=True): > ....: print count, ', '.join(items) > ....: > 3 a, b, c > 1 a, c > > or using a sort key: > In [16]: from operator import itemgetter > In [17]: for items, count in sorted(c2.items(), key=itemgetter(1), > reverse=True): > ....: print count, ', '.join(items) > ....: > 3 a, b, c > 1 a, c > > Kent > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/ae0da57b/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 18:32:54 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 12:32:54 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47012136.2040908@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > > This works perfectly. > > However I will be dealing with an import of a very large dictionary - if > I call the commands at command line this seems to be very taxing on the > CPU and memory and will take a long time. > > I was thinking of creating each as a fucntion whereby python would just > to write to a file instead of calling within a python shell do you think > that this would speed up the process? I don't understand what you are suggesting. Both of your requirements just need the values of the dict. If the dict is being created from a file, you could probably build the count dicts on the fly as you read the values without ever creating the dict with all the items in it. Kent > > All in total I will probably be looking at about 2 million dictionary > keys with assorted value quantities. From timmichelsen at gmx-topmail.de Mon Oct 1 18:37:59 2007 From: timmichelsen at gmx-topmail.de (Tim) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 16:37:59 +0000 (UTC) Subject: [Tutor] function for removing all white spaces from a string Message-ID: Hello, after reading the responses to athread in 2004 [1] I am wondering why there is no easy function in python to remove all white spaces from a string. Like: " i am very fine " to "iamveryfine" In IDL there's just one simple function which does this: STRCOMPRESS [2]. Is there really not yet such a function in Python? If not I created it: a = " i am very fine " def strcompress(mystring): ... mystring_compressed = ''.join(mystring.split()) ... return mystring_compressed strcompress(a) 'iamveryfine' Thanks for your input, Timmie [1] Re: how to strip whitespaces from a string. http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.tutor/18622 [2] STRCOMPRESS http://idlastro.gsfc.nasa.gov/idl_html_help/STRCOMPRESS.html From varsha.purohit at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 19:58:20 2007 From: varsha.purohit at gmail.com (Varsha Purohit) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 10:58:20 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] [tutor] printing bitmap image dynamically reading data inwxpython In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Hi Alan, Thanks for the response. Its not a home work problem its actually a task i need to complete as i am tryin to make some tool which will be helpful to use as a script in arcgis. i kinda got some clue will surely ask help if i get stuck somewhere coz i know its difficult to put down in words of what i wanna do.... :( thanks, Varsha On 10/1/07, Alan Gauld wrote: > > "Varsha Purohit" wrote > > > I want to create a wxpython program where i am reading a list > > having > > integer values like [1,2,3,4]. and i need to display the output > > value as > > bitmap image which shd be coloured after reading the values. Like > > 1=red, > > 2=yellow, 3=orange etc and it displays the output in colours at > > proper > > coordinates by matching values of the array. > > Sounds like a fun project. > Have you any plans on how to go about it? > Are you having problems? Or are you just sharing your excitement > at the challenge? > > > I need to make a script file for arcgis tool which converts the > > ascii data to a coloured bitmap image at given coordinates. > > I dunno much about arcgis but again it sounds like a reasonable > thing to do. > > Let us know how you get on. If you run into problems ask > questions we might be able to help. However since it seems > to be a homework type exercise we can't solve it for you. > > HTH, > > -- > Alan Gauld > Author of the Learn to Program web site > http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/14d18635/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 19:59:03 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 18:59:03 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Location of modules in Mac OS X References: Message-ID: "Roy Chen" wrote > I'm using MacPython 2.5 on OS X 10.4. > > I was just wondering if all the Python modules are contained in this > directory: > /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/ The standard library modules are. Any custom moidules could be almost anywhere! > Also, I've installed the Python Image Library (PIL), and it seems to > be installed in this folder: > /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/site- > packages/PIL/ > > Are all external Python modules installed guaranteed to be in this > folder? site-packages is the usual place but some authors don't provide an install script so they could be anywhere that you unpack them. A few others write unconventional scripts and put them someplace else (maybe inside their own applications area). Welcome to the world of Opensource where rules are "flexible" But mostly they are followed OK. :-) BTW ISTR that a few Mac specific packages found thir way someplace else, but I can't recall which ones. Sherlock found them for me... Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 20:02:03 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 19:02:03 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] function for removing all white spaces from a string References: Message-ID: "Tim" wrote > after reading the responses to athread in 2004 [1] I am wondering > why there is > no easy function in python to remove all white spaces from a string. > > " i am very fine " > to > "iamveryfine" You can use string.replace. >>> 'I am very fine'.replace(' ','') 'Iamveryfine' >>> But you need to apply several times if you want more than simple spaces removed. Or you can use regexs. (Or the translate function might work too, but i haven't tried it for this) HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Oct 1 20:04:22 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 19:04:22 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes References: Message-ID: "J?nos Juh?sz" wrote > class ADUser: > def __init__(self, **kwargs): > for key in kwargs.keys(): > self.key = kwargs[k] > > a = ADUser(name='papa') > > > It isn't working :( Try using setattr instead of self.key assignment. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From noufal at airtelbroadband.in Mon Oct 1 20:18:37 2007 From: noufal at airtelbroadband.in (Noufal Ibrahim) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 23:48:37 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] using **kwargs in __init__() as attributes In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <470139FD.2030009@airtelbroadband.in> J?nos Juh?sz wrote: > Dear Tutors, > > I would like to make a new class instance, where > the intance attributes coming from the kwargs hash. > > class ADUser: > def __init__(self, **kwargs): > for key in kwargs.keys(): > self.key = kwargs[k] > > a = ADUser(name='papa') > Your snippet above will set the attribute "key" to kwargs[k] (it will overwrite the values for the previous keys so you won't get anywhere). You need to use setattr to do this since the names of the attributes are available as strings. Here's an example. >>> class Foo(object): ... def __init__(self,**d): ... for i in d: ... setattr(self,i,d[i]) ... >>> >>> >>> x= Foo(name="Papa") >>> x.name 'Papa' >>> -- ~noufal http://nibrahim.net.in/ From kent37 at tds.net Mon Oct 1 20:28:25 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 14:28:25 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Location of modules in Mac OS X In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <47013C49.6010309@tds.net> Roy Chen wrote: > Hello all, > > I'm using MacPython 2.5 on OS X 10.4. > > I was just wondering if all the Python modules are contained in this > directory: > /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/lib/python2.5/ Try import sys sys.path That will give you a list of all the places Python will search for modules. There are several ways this list can be customized, including PYTHONPATH environment variables .pth files site-customize.py modifying sys.path in a program so you shouldn't treat this as a final definitive list, rather it is a snapshot of current usage. Kent From wormwood_3 at yahoo.com Mon Oct 1 20:40:17 2007 From: wormwood_3 at yahoo.com (wormwood_3) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 11:40:17 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating Message-ID: <165187.79145.qm@web32414.mail.mud.yahoo.com> There was another host that I wanted to mention along these lines (for Python sites) that I think is even better: VPSLink (http://www.vpslink.com). They allow root SSH access, and can install your choice of OS (lots of linux flavors, ubuntu, SUSE, CentOS, etc) from a control panel. Aside from that they are similar to WebFaction, but having that much flexibility, with the base plan only ~$8/month, is pretty awesome. -Sam ----- Original Message ---- From: Kent Johnson To: wormwood_3 Cc: Python Tutorlist Sent: Monday, October 1, 2007 8:36:03 AM Subject: Re: [Tutor] Really basic web templating wormwood_3 wrote: > My host actually does support Python. But I don't have access to > Apache rules nor the level of access to install apps like Django, so > I am limited to just scripts I write. Webfaction gives you both - you can install anything you like as long as it doesn't require superuser privileges and you have your own Apache instance that you can tweak any way you like. Kent From finalyugi at sapo.pt Mon Oct 1 21:57:15 2007 From: finalyugi at sapo.pt (Rolando Pereira) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 20:57:15 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] How to Practice Python?(Linpeiheng) In-Reply-To: References: <47006476.08ADDF.17520@m5-84.163.com> Message-ID: <4701511B.9040500@sapo.pt> Alan Gauld wrote: > There are no such things > as standard solutions to programming problems, its not like > doing math! But usually there is "The Right Way". I think... -- _ ASCII ribbon campaign ( ) - against HTML email X & vCards / \ From mlangford.cs03 at gtalumni.org Mon Oct 1 22:09:52 2007 From: mlangford.cs03 at gtalumni.org (Michael Langford) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 16:09:52 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Really basic web templating In-Reply-To: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <300093.45498.qm@web32406.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <82b4f5810710011309j36fd4a48kf0126422de118804@mail.gmail.com> Check to see if mod_python is installed/installable. It would quite easily give you a very simple interface to do what you're looking for. --Michael -- Michael Langford Phone: 404-386-0495 Consulting: http://www.TierOneDesign.com/ On 9/30/07, wormwood_3 wrote: > Hello all, > > I am trying to think of a way to make this happen, but it may not be at all possible:-) I would like to use Python to generate pages on demand for my website. By this I mean, when someone hits www.mysite.com/pagex.html, I want to generate the page pagex.html via a Python script. > > I have a script setup that can generate a page from a template file and a file with the body and title of the page in particular I want to generate. Now from this, I need to somehow be able to respond to requests, and then generate the page based on the page requested. I want to do this because my site is on a shared hosting account, so I cannot install a web framework like Django, and the site's pages will be rather simple. At the same time, I would like to use templating, so I do not have repeated identical code between the pages. > > Any ideas on this? > > Thanks, > Sam > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > From bill at celestial.net Mon Oct 1 22:47:55 2007 From: bill at celestial.net (Bill Campbell) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 13:47:55 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] function for removing all white spaces from a string In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <20071001204755.GA27259@ayn.mi.celestial.com> On Mon, Oct 01, 2007, Alan Gauld wrote: > >"Tim" wrote > >> after reading the responses to athread in 2004 [1] I am wondering >> why there is >> no easy function in python to remove all white spaces from a string. >> >> " i am very fine " >> to >> "iamveryfine" > >You can use string.replace. > >>>> 'I am very fine'.replace(' ','') >'Iamveryfine' >>>> > >But you need to apply several times if you want more than simple >spaces removed. > >Or you can use regexs. (Or the translate function might work too, but >i haven't >tried it for this) import re whitespace = re.compile(r'\s+') cleanstring = whitespace.sub('', dirtystring) Bill -- INTERNET: bill at celestial.com Bill Campbell; Celestial Software LLC URL: http://www.celestial.com/ PO Box 820; 6641 E. Mercer Way FAX: (206) 232-9186 Mercer Island, WA 98040-0820; (206) 236-1676 Marijuana will be legal some day, because the many law students who now smoke pot will someday become congressmen and legalize it in order to protect themselves. -- Lenny Bruce From ricaraoz at gmail.com Mon Oct 1 15:25:06 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 10:25:06 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4700F532.9020006@bigfoot.com> GTXY20 wrote: > Hello, > > Any way to display the count of the values in a dictionary where the > values are stored as a list? here is my dictionary: > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > ['a', 'c']} > > I would like to display count as follows and I would not know all the > value types in the values list: > > Value QTY > a 4 > b 3 > c 4 > > Also is there anyway to display the count of the values list > combinations so here again is my dictionary: > > {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': > ['a', 'c']} > > > And I would like to display as follows > > QTY Value List Combination > 3 a,b,c > 1 a,c > > Once again all help is much appreciated. > > M. > >>> D = {'1':['a', 'b', 'c'], '3':['a', 'b', 'c'], '2':['a', 'b', 'c'], '4':['a', 'c'] } >>> d = {} >>> for v in reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [b for a,b in D.iteritems()]): ... d[v] = d.setdefault(v, 0) + 1 ... >>> for k, v in d.iteritems(): ... print k, v ... a 4 c 4 b 3 >>> ld = {} >>> for v in [''.join(b) for a,b in D.iteritems()]: ... d[v] = d.setdefault(v, 0) + 1 ... >>> for k, v in d.iteritems(): ... print v, list(k) ... 1 ['a', 'c'] 3 ['a', 'b', 'c'] HTH From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 00:12:53 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 18:12:53 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <47012136.2040908@tds.net> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> <47012136.2040908@tds.net> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710011512v25c47a0ara109375dd87f1b72@mail.gmail.com> Thanks again I have worked that issue out. However I have the following function and it is throwing this error: FEXpython_v2.py", line 32, in UnitHolderDistributionqty count[item]+=1 KeyError: 3 This is the function: def Distributionqty(dictionary): holder=list() held=list() distqtydic={} count={} for key in sorted(dictionary.keys()): holder.append(key) held.append(len(dictionary[key])) for (key, value) in map(None, holder, held): distqtydic[key]=value for item in distqtydic.values(): count[item]+=1 for k,v in sorted(count.items()): fdist=k qty=v print fdist,qty Not sure... M. On 10/1/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > GTXY20 wrote: > > > > This works perfectly. > > > > However I will be dealing with an import of a very large dictionary - if > > > I call the commands at command line this seems to be very taxing on the > > CPU and memory and will take a long time. > > > > I was thinking of creating each as a fucntion whereby python would just > > to write to a file instead of calling within a python shell do you think > > that this would speed up the process? > > I don't understand what you are suggesting. > > Both of your requirements just need the values of the dict. If the dict > is being created from a file, you could probably build the count dicts > on the fly as you read the values without ever creating the dict with > all the items in it. > > Kent > > > > > All in total I will probably be looking at about 2 million dictionary > > keys with assorted value quantities. > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/a0f59ef5/attachment-0001.htm From ricaraoz at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 00:47:40 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 19:47:40 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] function for removing all white spaces from a string In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <4701790C.10600@bigfoot.com> Tim wrote: > Hello, > after reading the responses to athread in 2004 [1] I am wondering why there is > no easy function in python to remove all white spaces from a string. > > Like: > > " i am very fine " > to > "iamveryfine" > > In IDL there's just one simple function which does this: STRCOMPRESS [2]. > > Is there really not yet such a function in Python? > > If not I created it: > > a = " i am very fine " > > > def strcompress(mystring): > ... mystring_compressed = ''.join(mystring.split()) > ... return mystring_compressed > > strcompress(a) > 'iamveryfine' > > Thanks for your input, > Timmie > > [1] Re: how to strip whitespaces from a string. > http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.tutor/18622 > > [2] STRCOMPRESS http://idlastro.gsfc.nasa.gov/idl_html_help/STRCOMPRESS.html ''.join(c for c in a if not c.isspace()) From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 01:01:16 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 19:01:16 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710011512v25c47a0ara109375dd87f1b72@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> <47012136.2040908@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710011512v25c47a0ara109375dd87f1b72@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47017C3C.5000608@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > > Thanks again I have worked that issue out. > > However I have the following function and it is throwing this error: > > FEXpython_v2.py", line 32, in UnitHolderDistributionqty > count[item]+=1 > KeyError: 3 > > This is the function: > > def Distributionqty(dictionary): > holder=list() > held=list() > distqtydic={} > for key in sorted(dictionary.keys()): > holder.append(key) > held.append(len(dictionary[key])) > for (key, value) in map(None, holder, held): > distqtydic[key]=value Unless you need holder and held for something else, all of the above can be replaced with distqtydic = dict( (key, len(value)) for key, value in sorted(dictionary.items()) > count={} > for item in distqtydic.values(): > count[item]+=1 The problem is that you are trying to add 1 to a value that is not defined yet. You can either make count=defaultdict(int) or write count[item] = count.get(item, 0) + 1 If this is the only use of distqtydic then even the shortened code above is more than you need, you could just write for item in dictionary.values(): count[len(item)] += 1 # assuming defaultdict Kent > for k,v in sorted(count.items()): > fdist=k > qty=v > print fdist,qty for fdist,qty in sorted(count.items()): print fdist, qty No need for the intermediate k, v; just use the names you like. Kent From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 01:25:17 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 19:25:17 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Dictionary - count values where values are stored as a list In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710011512v25c47a0ara109375dd87f1b72@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0709302235w3d5e8702x50c938a013b8e737@mail.gmail.com> <4700D739.7080506@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710010921i526314fesc3c68d92d7f0b1f2@mail.gmail.com> <47012136.2040908@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710011512v25c47a0ara109375dd87f1b72@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710011625g40871fd0i71b5db4818eefdb5@mail.gmail.com> Thanks so much I changed to the following and this worked: def HolderDistributionqty(dictionary): from collections import defaultdict count=defaultdict(int) for item in dictionary.values(): count[len(item)]+=1 for k,v in sorted(count.items()): fdist=k qty=v print fdist,qty M. On 10/1/07, GTXY20 wrote: > > > Thanks again I have worked that issue out. > > However I have the following function and it is throwing this error: > > FEXpython_v2.py", line 32, in UnitHolderDistributionqty > count[item]+=1 > KeyError: 3 > > This is the function: > > def Distributionqty(dictionary): > holder=list() > held=list() > distqtydic={} > count={} > for key in sorted(dictionary.keys()): > holder.append(key) > held.append(len(dictionary[key])) > for (key, value) in map(None, holder, held): > distqtydic[key]=value > for item in distqtydic.values(): > count[item]+=1 > for k,v in sorted(count.items()): > fdist=k > qty=v > print fdist,qty > > Not sure... > > M. > > > > On 10/1/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > > > GTXY20 wrote: > > > > > > This works perfectly. > > > > > > However I will be dealing with an import of a very large dictionary - > > if > > > I call the commands at command line this seems to be very taxing on > > the > > > CPU and memory and will take a long time. > > > > > > I was thinking of creating each as a fucntion whereby python would > > just > > > to write to a file instead of calling within a python shell do you > > think > > > that this would speed up the process? > > > > I don't understand what you are suggesting. > > > > Both of your requirements just need the values of the dict. If the dict > > is being created from a file, you could probably build the count dicts > > on the fly as you read the values without ever creating the dict with > > all the items in it. > > > > Kent > > > > > > > > All in total I will probably be looking at about 2 million dictionary > > > keys with assorted value quantities. > > > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071001/1b8a8e96/attachment.htm From speel at energy.com.au Tue Oct 2 03:31:41 2007 From: speel at energy.com.au (Suzanne Peel) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 11:31:41 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... Message-ID: Hi, I have a very simple question that I cannot find the answer to ... if I knew the correct question to ask it would be simple. I am trying to find the name of the file I am currently running (please don't laugh at me I know it's simple but I cannot figure it out). I want to know where my errors are occurring so if I print out the name of the file (or script) when it starts that should help me I have tried os.listpath os.path and get lists of files and directories but no matter how much searching (through Python help and Dive into python) I cannot figure out how to find the current file name. Any help will be more than welcome!!! Suzanne ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This e-mail may contain confidential or privileged information. If you have received it in error, please notify the sender immediately via return e-mail and then delete the original e-mail. EnergyAustralia has collected your business contact details for dealing with you in your business capacity. More information about how we handle your personal information, including your right of access is contained at http://www.energy.com.au. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/980e43bb/attachment.htm From john at fouhy.net Tue Oct 2 04:00:09 2007 From: john at fouhy.net (John Fouhy) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 14:00:09 +1200 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <5e58f2e40710011900j6385edcw3c568fa29b4ac5dc@mail.gmail.com> On 02/10/2007, Suzanne Peel wrote: > I am trying to find the name of the file I am currently running (please don't laugh at me I know it's simple but I cannot figure it out). Have a look at sys.argv[0] :-) -- John. From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 04:06:41 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2007 22:06:41 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <4701A7B1.7050300@tds.net> Suzanne Peel wrote: > > Hi, > > I have a very simple question that I cannot find the answer to ... if I > knew the correct question to ask it would be simple. > > I am trying to find the name of the file I am currently running (please > don't laugh at me I know it's simple but I cannot figure it out). __file__ is the name of the current module. > > I want to know where my errors are occurring so if I print out the name > of the file (or script) when it starts that should help me What kind of errors are you getting? If they are exceptions you should be able to get a traceback easily with traceback.print_exc(). You can also print out a full stack trace at any time with traceback.print_stack(). Kent From cspears2002 at yahoo.com Tue Oct 2 06:36:06 2007 From: cspears2002 at yahoo.com (Christopher Spears) Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2007 21:36:06 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> I was looking for the source code for the strip functions at python.org. I didn't find anything. Do you or someone else know where the source code is posted? I tried to find python on my workstation, but I'm not sure where the sys admin installed it. From mwalsh at groktech.org Tue Oct 2 07:01:07 2007 From: mwalsh at groktech.org (Martin Walsh) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 00:01:07 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] OT: webhosting In-Reply-To: <165187.79145.qm@web32414.mail.mud.yahoo.com> References: <165187.79145.qm@web32414.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <4701D093.2040902@groktech.org> wormwood_3 wrote: > There was another host that I wanted to mention along these lines (for Python sites) that I think is even better: VPSLink (http://www.vpslink.com). They allow root SSH access, and can install your choice of OS (lots of linux flavors, ubuntu, SUSE, CentOS, etc) from a control panel. Aside from that they are similar to WebFaction, but having that much flexibility, with the base plan only ~$8/month, is pretty awesome. > > -Sam Running the risk of taking this tread in an inappropriate direction, I feel compelled to mention http://openhosting.com, founded by Gregory Trubetskoy the author of mod_python. Aside from the pleasant opportunity to name-drop :) I have found their service, up-time, and support to be phenomenal -- while not the cheapest vps on the block. I think their service plans start at around $20 US a month. > > ----- Original Message ---- > From: Kent Johnson > > Webfaction gives you both - you can install anything you like as long as > it doesn't require superuser privileges and you have your own Apache > instance that you can tweak any way you like. > > Kent From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 07:56:48 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 01:56:48 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> Hello all, Let's say I have the following dictionary: {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} I also have another dictionary for new value association: {a:1, b:2, c:3} How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to read: {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that will not have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above dictionary for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. As always all help is appreciated. M. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/47d72599/attachment-0001.htm From john at fouhy.net Tue Oct 2 08:05:38 2007 From: john at fouhy.net (John Fouhy) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 18:05:38 +1200 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> On 02/10/2007, GTXY20 wrote: > Hello all, > > Let's say I have the following dictionary: > > {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > I also have another dictionary for new value association: > > {a:1, b:2, c:3} > > How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to read: > > {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} > > There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that will not > have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above dictionary > for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. You could use the map function... Let's say we have something like: transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } We could define a function that mirrors this: def transFn(c): try: return transDict[c] except KeyError: return c Then if you have your data: data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} You can translate it as: for key in data.keys(): data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) HTH! -- John. From speel at energy.com.au Tue Oct 2 08:22:11 2007 From: speel at energy.com.au (Suzanne Peel) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 16:22:11 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... Message-ID: Thankyou for your help, However both suggestions will only give me that name of the 1st file executed eg when I use execfile('EA_Owner.py') the name returned when the __file__ or sys.argv[0] is executed always EA_Owner.py . The Traceback feature is an excellent resource however the errors I am trying to follow are not python errors but come from the data I am manipulating - I cannot remember off-the-top-of-my-head what order each file is called so I resort to opening the main file to figure it out - it would be nice if I could write out the name whenever the script runs the I just look for the name... I do realise I could hardcode the names I was just looking for a more elegant solution that I can put in all my scripts identifying which one is executing. The trace-back feature provides this - can I force an error of sorts that will not suspend programming but will report the file/module/script that it is running ??? (Probably a bit dramatic but I am at a loss..) Regards, Suzanne Peel Engineer - Subtransmission Planning, Sydney EnergyAustralia ____________________________________ Level 3, 570 George St, Sydney NSW 2000 T. 612 9269 4659 (Extn 34659) F. 612 9269 4690 (Extn 34690) speel at energy.com.au ____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This e-mail may contain confidential or privileged information. If you have received it in error, please notify the sender immediately via return e-mail and then delete the original e-mail. EnergyAustralia has collected your business contact details for dealing with you in your business capacity. More information about how we handle your personal information, including your right of access is contained at http://www.energy.com.au. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/0505ed63/attachment.htm From aijames at exemail.com.au Tue Oct 2 09:01:25 2007 From: aijames at exemail.com.au (Andrew James) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 17:01:25 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> Helps if I send it to the group... And Kent, I didn't post it originally because I figured the other guy was still working on his script. Besides, I didn't think it'd be that far fetched for you to assume I was using something like "while s[0] == ' ':" Andrew James wrote: > I'm always nervous about sharing my code... It's like being back in > high school, I don't want the other kids to laugh at me. Anyway, > running that in IDLE with a string such as ' > testing. ' Will print ' testing' at the > end of the first (second, really) loop. > > def strip(s): > while s[0].isspace() == True: > while s[-1].isspace() == True: > s = s[:-2] > print s > s = s[1:] > print s > > test = raw_input('Enter a string with plenty of leading and trailing > whitespace:') > > strip(test) > > Alan Gauld wrote: >> "Andrew James" wrote >> >> >>> string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I >>> lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? >>> >> >> care to show us what you are doing? >> >> >>>>> ';'.isspace() >>>>> >> False >> >> So puntuation should not show up as true... >> >> Alan G. >> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org >> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >> >> >> > From aijames at exemail.com.au Tue Oct 2 09:04:54 2007 From: aijames at exemail.com.au (Andrew James) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 17:04:54 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> And as soon as I send it again I realise a pretty stupid error. The two loops shouldn't be nested. Andrew James wrote: > Helps if I send it to the group... > > And Kent, I didn't post it originally because I figured the other guy > was still working on his script. Besides, I didn't think it'd be that > far fetched for you to assume I was using something like "while s[0] > == ' ':" > > Andrew James wrote: >> I'm always nervous about sharing my code... It's like being back in >> high school, I don't want the other kids to laugh at me. Anyway, >> running that in IDLE with a string such as ' >> testing. ' Will print ' testing' at the >> end of the first (second, really) loop. >> >> def strip(s): >> while s[0].isspace() == True: >> while s[-1].isspace() == True: >> s = s[:-2] >> print s >> s = s[1:] >> print s >> >> test = raw_input('Enter a string with plenty of leading and trailing >> whitespace:') >> >> strip(test) >> >> Alan Gauld wrote: >>> "Andrew James" wrote >>> >>> >>>> string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I >>>> lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? >>>> >>> >>> care to show us what you are doing? >>> >>> >>>>>> ';'.isspace() >>>>>> >>> False >>> >>> So puntuation should not show up as true... >>> >>> Alan G. >>> >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org >>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >>> >>> >>> >> > From aijames at exemail.com.au Tue Oct 2 09:07:17 2007 From: aijames at exemail.com.au (Andrew James) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 17:07:17 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> *headbang* I'm an idiot. s=s[:-2] should be s=s[:-1]. Andrew James wrote: > And as soon as I send it again I realise a pretty stupid error. The > two loops shouldn't be nested. > > Andrew James wrote: >> Helps if I send it to the group... >> >> And Kent, I didn't post it originally because I figured the other guy >> was still working on his script. Besides, I didn't think it'd be that >> far fetched for you to assume I was using something like "while s[0] >> == ' ':" >> >> Andrew James wrote: >>> I'm always nervous about sharing my code... It's like being back in >>> high school, I don't want the other kids to laugh at me. Anyway, >>> running that in IDLE with a string such as ' >>> testing. ' Will print ' testing' at the >>> end of the first (second, really) loop. >>> >>> def strip(s): >>> while s[0].isspace() == True: >>> while s[-1].isspace() == True: >>> s = s[:-2] >>> print s >>> s = s[1:] >>> print s >>> >>> test = raw_input('Enter a string with plenty of leading and trailing >>> whitespace:') >>> >>> strip(test) >>> >>> Alan Gauld wrote: >>>> "Andrew James" wrote >>>> >>>> >>>>> string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I >>>>> lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? >>>>> >>>> >>>> care to show us what you are doing? >>>> >>>> >>>>>>> ';'.isspace() >>>>>>> >>>> False >>>> >>>> So puntuation should not show up as true... >>>> >>>> Alan G. >>>> >>>> >>>> _______________________________________________ >>>> Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org >>>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >>>> >>>> >>>> >>> >> > From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 10:07:24 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 04:07:24 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> I seem to be encountering a problem and I think it is because I actually have my data as follows: data = {1:[a,b,c], 2:[a,c], 3:[b,c], 4:[a,d]} not as previously mentioned: data = {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} So the values are actually stored as a list. I am trying to adjust so that data ends up being: {1:[1,2,3], 2:[1,3], 3:[2,3], 4:[1,d]} right now I am getting: {1:[[1],[2],[3]], 2:[[1],[3]], 3:[[2],[3]], 4:[[1],d]} which is problmatic for other things I am trying to do - it is indicating that the values are not hashable. On 10/2/07, John Fouhy wrote: > > On 02/10/2007, GTXY20 wrote: > > Hello all, > > > > Let's say I have the following dictionary: > > > > {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > > > I also have another dictionary for new value association: > > > > {a:1, b:2, c:3} > > > > How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to read: > > > > {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} > > > > There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that will > not > > have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above > dictionary > > for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. > > You could use the map function... > > Let's say we have something like: > > transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } > > We could define a function that mirrors this: > > def transFn(c): > try: > return transDict[c] > except KeyError: > return c > > Then if you have your data: > > data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} > > You can translate it as: > > for key in data.keys(): > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > HTH! > > -- > John. > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/a54c9e21/attachment.htm From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 10:15:43 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 04:15:43 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> Sorry - solved my own problem - it was the way I was creating my dictionary and assigning the value as a list. I will post my final working code shortly. M. On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: > > I seem to be encountering a problem and I think it is because I actually > have my data as follows: > > data = {1:[a,b,c], 2:[a,c], 3:[b,c], 4:[a,d]} > > not as previously mentioned: > > data = {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > So the values are actually stored as a list. > > I am trying to adjust so that data ends up being: > > {1:[1,2,3], 2:[1,3], 3:[2,3], 4:[1,d]} > > right now I am getting: > > {1:[[1],[2],[3]], 2:[[1],[3]], 3:[[2],[3]], 4:[[1],d]} > > which is problmatic for other things I am trying to do - it is indicating > that the values are not hashable. > > > > > > On 10/2/07, John Fouhy wrote: > > > > On 02/10/2007, GTXY20 < gtxy20 at gmail.com> wrote: > > > Hello all, > > > > > > Let's say I have the following dictionary: > > > > > > {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > > > > > I also have another dictionary for new value association: > > > > > > {a:1, b:2, c:3} > > > > > > How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to > > read: > > > > > > {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} > > > > > > There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that > > will not > > > have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above > > dictionary > > > for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. > > > > You could use the map function... > > > > Let's say we have something like: > > > > transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } > > > > We could define a function that mirrors this: > > > > def transFn(c): > > try: > > return transDict[c] > > except KeyError: > > return c > > > > Then if you have your data: > > > > data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} > > > > You can translate it as: > > > > for key in data.keys(): > > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > > > HTH! > > > > -- > > John. > > > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/a1fb8266/attachment-0001.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 2 10:19:56 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 09:19:56 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au><4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: "Andrew James" wrote > *headbang* > > I'm an idiot. s=s[:-2] should be s=s[:-1]. > > Andrew James wrote: >> And as soon as I send it again I realise a pretty stupid error. The >> two loops shouldn't be nested. >> >> Andrew James wrote: >>> Helps if I send it to the group... See the benefits of posting the code? Nobody said a world and already you fixed it! :-) Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 2 10:22:40 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 09:22:40 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: "Christopher Spears" wrote >I was looking for the source code for the strip > functions at python.org. I didn't find anything. Do > you or someone else know where the source code is > posted? I tried to find python on my workstation, but > I'm not sure where the sys admin installed it. Which OS? Windows its likely to be C:\python25 or similar On Linux the libraries will be in a different place to the executable... On a Mac see a recent thread... The source for strip is will be in C rather than Python because the string code is part of the built-in capabilities. HTH, Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 2 10:32:47 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 09:32:47 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... References: Message-ID: "Suzanne Peel" wrote > However both suggestions will only give me that name of the 1st file > executed eg when I use execfile('EA_Owner.py') the name returned > when > the __file__ or sys.argv[0] is executed always EA_Owner.py . You didn't mention you were doing wacky stuff like using execfile... That makes it a bit more challenging. Is there any reason why you need to use execfile rather than just importing the file? execfile acts as if another interpreter session was running so its quite tricky to find out the name of the file that the original interpreter was running. You might be able to do it by setting a global variable to the current __file__ before calling execfile... > The trace-back feature provides this - can I force an error of sorts > that > will not suspend programming but will report the file/module/script > that > it is running ??? (Probably a bit dramatic but I am at a loss..) Look at the traceback module. I think its possible but messy. It would be better if you can find a way to avoid using execfile. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 10:31:15 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 04:31:15 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> This seemed to work: def transFn(c): transfile = open('translate.txt', 'r') records = transfile.read() transfile.close() lines = records.split() transDict = {} for line in lines: key, value = line.split(',') transDict[key] = value try: return transDict[c] except KeyError: return c for key in data.keys(): data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: > > > Sorry - solved my own problem - it was the way I was creating my > dictionary and assigning the value as a list. > > I will post my final working code shortly. > > M. > > On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: > > > > I seem to be encountering a problem and I think it is because I actually > > have my data as follows: > > > > data = {1:[a,b,c], 2:[a,c], 3:[b,c], 4:[a,d]} > > > > not as previously mentioned: > > > > data = {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > > > So the values are actually stored as a list. > > > > I am trying to adjust so that data ends up being: > > > > {1:[1,2,3], 2:[1,3], 3:[2,3], 4:[1,d]} > > > > right now I am getting: > > > > {1:[[1],[2],[3]], 2:[[1],[3]], 3:[[2],[3]], 4:[[1],d]} > > > > which is problmatic for other things I am trying to do - it is > > indicating that the values are not hashable. > > > > > > > > > > > > On 10/2/07, John Fouhy wrote: > > > > > > On 02/10/2007, GTXY20 < gtxy20 at gmail.com> wrote: > > > > Hello all, > > > > > > > > Let's say I have the following dictionary: > > > > > > > > {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > > > > > > > I also have another dictionary for new value association: > > > > > > > > {a:1, b:2, c:3} > > > > > > > > How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to > > > read: > > > > > > > > {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} > > > > > > > > There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that > > > will not > > > > have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above > > > dictionary > > > > for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. > > > > > > You could use the map function... > > > > > > Let's say we have something like: > > > > > > transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } > > > > > > We could define a function that mirrors this: > > > > > > def transFn(c): > > > try: > > > return transDict[c] > > > except KeyError: > > > return c > > > > > > Then if you have your data: > > > > > > data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} > > > > > > You can translate it as: > > > > > > for key in data.keys(): > > > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > > > > > HTH! > > > > > > -- > > > John. > > > > > > > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/d969b949/attachment.htm From brunson at brunson.com Tue Oct 2 10:42:52 2007 From: brunson at brunson.com (Eric Brunson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 02:42:52 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <4702048C.6060105@brunson.com> Alan Gauld wrote: > "Suzanne Peel" wrote > > >> However both suggestions will only give me that name of the 1st file >> executed eg when I use execfile('EA_Owner.py') the name returned >> when >> the __file__ or sys.argv[0] is executed always EA_Owner.py . >> > > You didn't mention you were doing wacky stuff like using execfile... > That makes it a bit more challenging. Is there any reason why you > need to use execfile rather than just importing the file? > > execfile acts as if another interpreter session was running so its > quite tricky to find out the name of the file that the original > interpreter > was running. You might be able to do it by setting a global variable > to the current __file__ before calling execfile... > I agree with Alan that execfile can usually be replaced with a more elegant solution. But if you're not looking to rearchitect the code and are looking for the least amount of work, you could try wrapping or decorating the execfile function. Possibly something like this (off-the-top-of-my-head and untested): create a module, say, myExec.py: def myExecfile( filename ): doSomeLoggingOn( filename ) return execfile( filename ) Then, in your code: from myExec import myExecfile as execfile No other code should have to change. > >> The trace-back feature provides this - can I force an error of sorts >> that >> will not suspend programming but will report the file/module/script >> that >> it is running ??? (Probably a bit dramatic but I am at a loss..) >> > > Look at the traceback module. I think its possible but messy. > It would be better if you can find a way to avoid using execfile. > > HTH, > From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Tue Oct 2 10:44:51 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 09:44:51 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with valuesfrom another dictionary References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: "GTXY20" wrote > Let's say I have the following dictionary: > > {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} > > I also have another dictionary for new value association: > > {a:1, b:2, c:3} I assume the keys should be strings: 'a','b','c'? Not the variable names a,b,c? > How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to > read: > > {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} Lets make life easier by naming the dicts d1,d2 and d3 respectively. So you want d3 to hold 1: (d2[d1[1][0]], d2[d1[1][1]],d2[d1[1][2]]), 2: (d2[d1[2][0]], d2[d1[2][1]]), 3: (d2[d1[3][0]], d2[d1[3],[1]]) Do you see a pattern? d3[key] = d2[d1[key][0...len(d1[key])-1] > There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that > will not > have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above > dictionary > for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. Look at the get() method of dictionaries to deal with that issue. You still need to resolve the problem of inconsistent keys if the d2 keys and d1 values are not strings. That is more tricky! HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 12:48:13 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 06:48:13 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> References: <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <470221ED.3050701@tds.net> Christopher Spears wrote: > I was looking for the source code for the strip > functions at python.org. I didn't find anything. Do > you or someone else know where the source code is > posted? I tried to find python on my workstation, but > I'm not sure where the sys admin installed it. The source for the portion of Python written in C is not installed with the regular Python installer on Mac or Windows (don't know about Linux). You can download it here - get the "Python 2.5.1 compressed source tarball": http://www.python.org/download/ Kent From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 12:49:43 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 06:49:43 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <47022247.8070100@tds.net> Andrew James wrote: > Helps if I send it to the group... > > And Kent, I didn't post it originally because I figured the other guy > was still working on his script. Besides, I didn't think it'd be that > far fetched for you to assume I was using something like "while s[0] == > ' ':" Actually I saw that the snippet you posted was fine and assumed that the error must be somewhere else :-) Kent From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 13:24:53 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 07:24:53 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47022A85.9040305@tds.net> John Fouhy wrote: > You could use the map function... > > Let's say we have something like: > > transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } > > We could define a function that mirrors this: > > def transFn(c): > try: > return transDict[c] > except KeyError: > return c This could be written more simply as return transDict.get(c, c) > Then if you have your data: > > data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} > > You can translate it as: > > for key in data.keys(): > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) I would use a list comprehension and dict.get(): for key, value in data.items(): data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value ] Kent From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 13:26:05 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 07:26:05 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > > This seemed to work: > > def transFn(c): > transfile = open('translate.txt', 'r') > records = transfile.read() > transfile.close() > lines = records.split() > transDict = {} > for line in lines: > key, value = line.split(',') > transDict[key] = value > try: > return transDict[c] > except KeyError: > return c Yikes! This is re-reading translate.txt every time transFn() is called, i.e. once for every key in data! Kent > > for key in data.keys(): > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 13:30:55 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 07:30:55 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <47022BEF.4010703@tds.net> Suzanne Peel wrote: > > Thankyou for your help, > > However both suggestions will only give me that name of the 1st file > executed eg when I use *execfile('EA_Owner.py')* the name returned > when the __file__ or sys.argv[0] is executed always EA_Owner.py . > > The Traceback feature is an excellent resource however the errors I am > trying to follow are not python errors but come from the data I am > manipulating - I cannot remember off-the-top-of-my-head what order each > file is called so I resort to opening the main file to figure it out - > it would be nice if I could write out the name whenever the script runs > the I just look for the name... I do realise I could hardcode the names > I was just looking for a more elegant solution that I can put in all my > scripts identifying which one is executing. I am having a hard time understanding what you are doing, what kind of errors you are getting, and what information you want to print out. Can you show some of your code, or perhaps a simple example of what you are doing, together with some indication of what you want to print out? > The trace-back feature provides this - can I force an error of sorts > that will not suspend programming but will report the file/module/script > that it is running ??? (Probably a bit dramatic but I am at a loss..) traceback.print_stack() prints the stack trace to the current point of execution. No forced error or drama needed :-) Kent From bhaaluu at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 13:54:59 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 07:54:59 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: <47022BEF.4010703@tds.net> References: <47022BEF.4010703@tds.net> Message-ID: On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > traceback.print_stack() prints the stack trace to the current point of > execution. No forced error or drama needed :-) > > Kent Exactly how is this used, please? Traceback (most recent call last): File "print_stack.py", line 160, in ? print traceback.print_stack() NameError: name 'traceback' is not defined It seems I should be able to insert a line, something like print traceback.print_stack() in my code wherever I want to print the stack trace? -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 13:59:12 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 07:59:12 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: <47022BEF.4010703@tds.net> Message-ID: <47023290.2070402@tds.net> bhaaluu wrote: > On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: >> traceback.print_stack() prints the stack trace to the current point of >> execution. No forced error or drama needed :-) >> >> Kent > > Exactly how is this used, please? > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "print_stack.py", line 160, in ? > print traceback.print_stack() > NameError: name 'traceback' is not defined import traceback traceback.print_stack() Kent From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 16:59:01 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 10:59:01 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> I adjusted so that I get the following so if I do not need to translate a dictionary I do not call the function transFn: def transFn(translatefile): transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') records = transfile.read() transfile.close() lines = records.split() transDict = {} for line in lines: key, value = line.split(',') transDict[key] = value for key, value in Data.items(): Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value ] At this point can anyone recommend any python modules that helps to create reporting and graphing? On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > GTXY20 wrote: > > > > This seemed to work: > > > > def transFn(c): > > transfile = open('translate.txt', 'r') > > records = transfile.read() > > transfile.close() > > lines = records.split() > > transDict = {} > > for line in lines: > > key, value = line.split(',') > > transDict[key] = value > > try: > > return transDict[c] > > except KeyError: > > return c > > Yikes! This is re-reading translate.txt every time transFn() is called, > i.e. once for every key in data! > > Kent > > > > > for key in data.keys(): > > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/29dd26ba/attachment.htm From dkuhlman at rexx.com Tue Oct 2 18:32:47 2007 From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 09:32:47 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <470221ED.3050701@tds.net> References: <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <470221ED.3050701@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071002163247.GA42774@cutter.rexx.com> On Tue, Oct 02, 2007 at 06:48:13AM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > Christopher Spears wrote: > > I was looking for the source code for the strip > > functions at python.org. I didn't find anything. Do > > you or someone else know where the source code is > > posted? I tried to find python on my workstation, but > > I'm not sure where the sys admin installed it. > > The source for the portion of Python written in C is not installed with > the regular Python installer on Mac or Windows (don't know about Linux). > You can download it here - get the "Python 2.5.1 compressed source tarball": > http://www.python.org/download/ > If you decide to look at the source, look for the strip function/method in the following files: Objects/stringobject.c Modules/stropmodule.c The first contains the implementation of the method on string objects. The second is the implementation of the function that you get by doing "import string". As an advanced exercise, install Pyrex/Cython, then implement the strip function using that. For more on Cython/Pyrex, see: http://wiki.cython.org/. Cython/Pyrex is a Python-like language for writing Python C extensions in a Python-like language. Pyrex/Cython gets you much closer to C code than Python. Question: Someday will all the Python built-ins be implemented in Cython/Pyrex. Dave -- Dave Kuhlman http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 18:35:12 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 12:35:12 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710020935jac8193al6910be07bba87b1e@mail.gmail.com> Here's an interesting question: Can I use the transFn function to remove items in the value list. Can this be done by simple assigning the current value a value of null in the translate file? M. On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: > I adjusted so that I get the following so if I do not need to translate a > dictionary I do not call the function transFn: > > def transFn(translatefile): > transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') > records = transfile.read() > transfile.close() > lines = records.split() > transDict = {} > for line in lines: > key, value = line.split(',') > transDict[key] = value > > for key, value in Data.items(): > Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value ] > > At this point can anyone recommend any python modules that helps to create > reporting and graphing? > > On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > > > GTXY20 wrote: > > > > > > This seemed to work: > > > > > > def transFn(c): > > > transfile = open('translate.txt', 'r') > > > records = transfile.read() > > > transfile.close() > > > lines = records.split() > > > transDict = {} > > > for line in lines: > > > key, value = line.split(',') > > > transDict[key] = value > > > try: > > > return transDict[c] > > > except KeyError: > > > return c > > > > Yikes! This is re-reading translate.txt every time transFn() is called, > > i.e. once for every key in data! > > > > Kent > > > > > > > > for key in data.keys(): > > > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > > > > From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 19:00:39 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 13:00:39 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710020935jac8193al6910be07bba87b1e@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020935jac8193al6910be07bba87b1e@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47027937.4050604@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > Here's an interesting question: > > Can I use the transFn function to remove items in the value list. > > Can this be done by simple assigning the current value a value of null > in the translate file? No, that will make the translated value be None (I guess that is what you mean by null). You could then filter for these, for example for key, value in Data.items(): Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value if transDict.get(i, i) is not None] If you want to avoid double-fetching from transDict (if Data is huge this might matter) then you could write out the loop or possibly use something like Data[key] = [ x for x in (transDict.get(i, i) for i in value) if x is not None] which makes an intermediate generator and filters that. Kent > > M. > > > > On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: >> I adjusted so that I get the following so if I do not need to translate a >> dictionary I do not call the function transFn: >> >> def transFn(translatefile): >> transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') >> records = transfile.read() >> transfile.close() >> lines = records.split() >> transDict = {} >> for line in lines: >> key, value = line.split(',') >> transDict[key] = value >> >> for key, value in Data.items(): >> Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value ] From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 19:16:58 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 13:16:58 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Cython/Pyrex In-Reply-To: <20071002163247.GA42774@cutter.rexx.com> References: <999472.94373.qm@web51604.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <470221ED.3050701@tds.net> <20071002163247.GA42774@cutter.rexx.com> Message-ID: <47027D0A.8050805@tds.net> Dave Kuhlman wrote: > Question: Someday will all the Python built-ins be implemented in > Cython/Pyrex. I would bet on RPython against Pyrex: http://codespeak.net/pypy/dist/pypy/doc/extcompiler.html Kent From noufal at airtelbroadband.in Tue Oct 2 20:43:45 2007 From: noufal at airtelbroadband.in (Noufal Ibrahim) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 00:13:45 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] A simple Question... In-Reply-To: References: <47022BEF.4010703@tds.net> Message-ID: <47029161.40105@airtelbroadband.in> bhaaluu wrote: > On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: >> traceback.print_stack() prints the stack trace to the current point of >> execution. No forced error or drama needed :-) >> >> Kent > > Exactly how is this used, please? > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "print_stack.py", line 160, in ? > print traceback.print_stack() > NameError: name 'traceback' is not defined > > It seems I should be able to insert a line, something like > print traceback.print_stack() > in my code wherever I want to print the stack trace? Make sure you import the traceback module before you do anything. >>> >>> >>> import traceback >>> def foo(): ... traceback.print_stack() ... >>> >>> foo() File "", line 1, in File "", line 2, in foo >>> -- ~noufal http://nibrahim.net.in/ From gtxy20 at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 21:42:00 2007 From: gtxy20 at gmail.com (GTXY20) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 15:42:00 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <47027937.4050604@tds.net> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020935jac8193al6910be07bba87b1e@mail.gmail.com> <47027937.4050604@tds.net> Message-ID: <39cb7e5d0710021242u6554bcfau69a3c1ddfafb6ed8@mail.gmail.com> I have the transFn function as follows: def transFn(translatefile): transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') records = transfile.read() transfile.close() lines = records.split() transDict = {} for line in lines: key, value = line.split(',') transDict[key] = value for key, value in data.items(): data[key] = [ x for x in (transDict.get(i, i) for i in value) if x is not None] my original data is: data = {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} my transDict is: transDict = {'a': '1', 'b': '2'} However when I run transFn my data is: data = {'1': ['1', '2', 'c'], '3': ['1', '2', 'c'], '2': ['1', '2', 'c'], '4': ['1', 'c']} I was expecting: {'1': ['1', '2'], '3': ['1', '2'], '2': ['1', '2'], '4': ['1']} I will see if I can work with a remove command?? M. On 10/2/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > > GTXY20 wrote: > > Here's an interesting question: > > > > Can I use the transFn function to remove items in the value list. > > > > Can this be done by simple assigning the current value a value of null > > in the translate file? > > No, that will make the translated value be None (I guess that is what > you mean by null). You could then filter for these, for example > > for key, value in Data.items(): > Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value if > transDict.get(i, i) is not None] > > If you want to avoid double-fetching from transDict (if Data is huge > this might matter) then you could write out the loop or possibly use > something like > Data[key] = [ x for x in (transDict.get(i, i) for i in value) if x is > not None] > > which makes an intermediate generator and filters that. > > Kent > > > > > M. > > > > > > > > On 10/2/07, GTXY20 wrote: > >> I adjusted so that I get the following so if I do not need to translate > a > >> dictionary I do not call the function transFn: > >> > >> def transFn(translatefile): > >> transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') > >> records = transfile.read() > >> transfile.close() > >> lines = records.split() > >> transDict = {} > >> for line in lines: > >> key, value = line.split(',') > >> transDict[key] = value > >> > >> for key, value in Data.items(): > >> Data[key] = [ transDict.get(i, i) for i in value ] > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/814dbc24/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Tue Oct 2 21:47:06 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 15:47:06 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <39cb7e5d0710021242u6554bcfau69a3c1ddfafb6ed8@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020107r9dc674frfcb4477f417a0236@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020115j33268fa9y85f38dc603375a17@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020131j6bc8abei8a2a3b65e3a57834@mail.gmail.com> <47022ACD.30008@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710020759n697ba73agf0b0e1d3ef839f4c@mail.gmail.com> <39cb7e5d0710020935jac8193al6910be07bba87b1e@mail.gmail.com> <47027937.4050604@tds.net> <39cb7e5d0710021242u6554bcfau69a3c1ddfafb6ed8@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4702A03A.5080302@tds.net> GTXY20 wrote: > > I have the transFn function as follows: > > def transFn(translatefile): > transfile = open(translatefile, 'r') > records = transfile.read() > transfile.close() > lines = records.split() > transDict = {} > for line in lines: > key, value = line.split(',') > transDict[key] = value > > for key, value in data.items(): > data[key] = [ x for x in (transDict.get (i, i) for i in value) if > x is not None] > > my original data is: > > data = {'1': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '3': ['a', 'b', 'c'], '2': ['a', 'b', > 'c'], '4': ['a', 'c']} > > my transDict is: > > transDict = {'a': '1', 'b': '2'} > > However when I run transFn my data is: > > data = {'1': ['1', '2', 'c'], '3': ['1', '2', 'c'], '2': ['1', '2', > 'c'], '4': ['1', 'c']} > > I was expecting: > > {'1': ['1', '2'], '3': ['1', '2'], '2': ['1', '2'], '4': ['1']} Well you said you would assign null to the value in transDict and you did not do that. I fear I am giving you too much code and not enough understanding. You should be figuring some of this stuff out yourself. Look at the docs for dict.get() and see if you can change your code to do what you want. Kent From carroll at tjc.com Tue Oct 2 22:14:37 2007 From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 13:14:37 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] Need help speeding up algorithm. In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Ian, thanks for cleaning this up and submitting it. I was curious what its performance would be. On Wed, 26 Sep 2007, Ian Witham wrote: > while count > 0: > fivecount += count > count /= 5 This is a great improvement, and I'm embarrased that I didn't think of it myself! From ricaraoz at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 15:03:19 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 10:03:19 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Update values stored as a list in a dictionary with values from another dictionary In-Reply-To: <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> References: <39cb7e5d0710012256q3ae74063scf24558a36ccc5e6@mail.gmail.com> <5e58f2e40710012305o3490616ag1f192245eaab695e@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <47024197.2040808@bigfoot.com> John Fouhy wrote: > On 02/10/2007, GTXY20 wrote: >> Hello all, >> >> Let's say I have the following dictionary: >> >> {1:(a,b,c), 2:(a,c), 3:(b,c), 4:(a,d)} >> >> I also have another dictionary for new value association: >> >> {a:1, b:2, c:3} >> >> How should I approach if I want to modify the first dictionary to read: >> >> {1:(1,2,3), 2:(1,3), 3:(2,3), 4:(1,d)} >> >> There is the potential to have a value in the first dictionary that will not >> have an update key in the second dictionary hence in the above dictionary >> for key=4 I still have d listed as a value. > > You could use the map function... > > Let's say we have something like: > > transDict = { 'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 } > > We could define a function that mirrors this: > > def transFn(c): > try: > return transDict[c] > except KeyError: > return c > > Then if you have your data: > > data = { 1:('a','b','c'), 2:('a','c'), 3:('b','c'), 4:('a','d')} > > You can translate it as: > > for key in data.keys(): > data[key] = map(transFn, data[key]) > > HTH! > Or without defining a function : for k in data : data[k] = map(transDict.get, data[k], data[k]) From ricaraoz at gmail.com Tue Oct 2 15:46:33 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 10:46:33 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> Andrew James wrote: > *headbang* > > I'm an idiot. s=s[:-2] should be s=s[:-1]. > > Andrew James wrote: >> And as soon as I send it again I realise a pretty stupid error. The >> two loops shouldn't be nested. >> >> Andrew James wrote: >>> Helps if I send it to the group... >>> >>> And Kent, I didn't post it originally because I figured the other guy >>> was still working on his script. Besides, I didn't think it'd be that >>> far fetched for you to assume I was using something like "while s[0] >>> == ' ':" >>> >>> Andrew James wrote: >>>> I'm always nervous about sharing my code... It's like being back in >>>> high school, I don't want the other kids to laugh at me. Anyway, >>>> running that in IDLE with a string such as ' >>>> testing. ' Will print ' testing' at the >>>> end of the first (second, really) loop. >>>> >>>> def strip(s): >>>> while s[0].isspace() == True: >>>> while s[-1].isspace() == True: >>>> s = s[:-2] >>>> print s >>>> s = s[1:] >>>> print s >>>> >>>> test = raw_input('Enter a string with plenty of leading and trailing >>>> whitespace:') >>>> >>>> strip(test) >>>> >>>> Alan Gauld wrote: >>>>> "Andrew James" wrote >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> string containing a single space ' ' but even using s[-1].isspace() I >>>>>> lose punctuation marks. Any idea why that's happening? >>>>>> >>>>> care to show us what you are doing? >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>> ';'.isspace() >>>>>>>> >>>>> False >>>>> >>>>> So puntuation should not show up as true... >>>>> >>>>> Alan G. >>>>> So as not to copy strings many times : while s[0].isspace() : while s[-1].isspace() : del s[-1] del s[0] From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Wed Oct 3 01:29:07 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 00:29:07 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> <47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > > So as not to copy strings many times : > > while s[0].isspace() : > while s[-1].isspace() : > del s[-1] > del s[0] Sorry, it won;t work. Strings are immutable. However you can keep a track of the indexes of the first and last non space characers and use slicing if the copying seems to be a problem... first,last = 0,-1 while s[first].isspace(): first += 1 while s[last].isspace() last -= 1 return s[first:last] There might be an off-by-one error in the slice, its untested... Alan g. From ricaraoz at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 02:29:19 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 21:29:19 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> <47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> Alan Gauld wrote: > "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > >> So as not to copy strings many times : >> >> while s[0].isspace() : >> while s[-1].isspace() : >> del s[-1] >> del s[0] > > Sorry, it won;t work. Strings are immutable. > However you can keep a track of the indexes of the > first and last non space characers and use slicing > if the copying seems to be a problem... > > first,last = 0,-1 > > while s[first].isspace(): > first += 1 > while s[last].isspace() > last -= 1 > return s[first:last] > > There might be an off-by-one error in the slice, its untested... > > Alan g. > sorry, forgot a piece of the code : s = list(s) while s[0].isspace() : while s[-1].isspace() : del s[-1] del s[0] s = ''.join(s) You only copy the string twice. From cuongvt at fpt.vn Wed Oct 3 02:15:14 2007 From: cuongvt at fpt.vn (cuongvt) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 17:15:14 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] newbie: Django suited for database driven web application? Message-ID: <13010754.post@talk.nabble.com> Hello I'm new to both Django and Python. I'm mainly developing on PHP. I tend to move to Django. But I want to confirm as below: I heard that Django is mainly used for something like content management, CMS or something like that and Rails is mainly for web applications. So my question: is it true or not? For rapid web application development, can I use Django to create intranet database web driven application in my company for example: empoyees time management, goods import/export management, salary management etc? Tnx in advance. -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/newbie%3A-Django-suited-for-database-driven-web-application--tf4559119.html#a13010754 Sent from the Python - tutor mailing list archive at Nabble.com. From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 3 04:40:32 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2007 22:40:32 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] newbie: Django suited for database driven web application? In-Reply-To: <13010754.post@talk.nabble.com> References: <13010754.post@talk.nabble.com> Message-ID: <47030120.5040905@tds.net> cuongvt wrote: > Hello > I'm new to both Django and Python. I'm mainly developing on PHP. > I tend to move to Django. But I want to confirm as below: > I heard that Django is mainly used for something like content management, > CMS or something > like that and Rails is mainly for web applications. > So my question: is it true or not? No. > For rapid web application development, can I use Django to create intranet > database web driven > application in my company for example: empoyees time management, goods > import/export management, > salary management etc? I don't know why not! Look here for many examples of Django sites: http://www.djangosites.org/latest/ Here is the one I work on: http://blogcosm.com Here is a small catalog site: http://www.americanpersonalizedproducts.com/ Kent From srikanth007m at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 05:45:24 2007 From: srikanth007m at gmail.com (chinni) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 09:15:24 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] xml parsing Message-ID: Hi, I am working on MAC and my App was based on Xml file.If any updates r any changes in the xml file my app will load that changes. as i am new to python.i want to automate that one. there will be one URL and size will mention in that Xml file.i want to write a script so that it will download the file and have to check the size with my Xml file and downloaded file size.if size mismatch it has to show both current size and also xpected size.I want to write a script.so that it has to start download all App's at a time.so finally here is the sample O/P Appname Downloadedsize Expectedsize result XXXX 2554958 2554958 Pass XXXX 832158 754112 Fail Here the size is in KB's.Now plz tell me how to write the script in python. Thanx in Advance to all :) -- Cheers, M.Srikanth Kumar, Phone no: +91-9866774007 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071003/5c9133dd/attachment.htm From poolmasterji at yahoo.com Wed Oct 3 06:35:15 2007 From: poolmasterji at yahoo.com (Kamal) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 21:35:15 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] for a given file, how to find file size? Message-ID: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> would appreciate any pointers. -- Thanks, Kamal -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/f30912f5/attachment.htm From kpsingh at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 06:42:35 2007 From: kpsingh at gmail.com (Kamal) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 21:42:35 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] for a given file, how to find file size? In-Reply-To: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> never mind found my answer here http://docs.python.org/lib/os-file-dir.html On 10/2/07, Kamal wrote: > > would appreciate any pointers. > > -- > Thanks, > Kamal -- Thanks, Kamal -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071002/aeef2b99/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Wed Oct 3 08:12:11 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 07:12:11 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au><47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote >sorry, forgot a piece of the code : > >s = list(s) >while s[0].isspace() : > while s[-1].isspace() : > del s[-1] > del s[0] > s = ''.join(s) It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del to delete a character. Try it. >>> del('foo'[-1]) Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ? TypeError: object doesn't support item deletion >>> Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Wed Oct 3 08:22:08 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 07:22:08 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] xml parsing References: Message-ID: "chinni" wrote > I am working on MAC and my App was based on Xml file.If any updates > r any > changes in the xml file my app will load that changes. > as i am new to python.i want to automate that one. > .... details snipped > Here the size is in KB's.Now plz tell me how to write the script in > python. > Thanx in Advance to all :) First learn to program in Python. There are many tutorials to choose from. Second design a solution to your problem Third code it in Python. Now to start you on the first step, I suggest you go to the Python web site and download a copy of Python and install it on your computer. Then go to the begginners page and work through one of the tutprials. If you can program in any other language the official tutor is best. If you have anything you don't understand ask questions here. The more specific the question the better and it helps if you can show us what you have tried and what erros you are getting. Or at the very least explain what you were thinking of trying. Once you can write basic Python programs we can think about stage 2. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From witham.ian at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 10:56:16 2007 From: witham.ian at gmail.com (Ian Witham) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 21:56:16 +1300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> <47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: On 10/3/07, Alan Gauld wrote: > > > "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > > >sorry, forgot a piece of the code : > > > >s = list(s) > >while s[0].isspace() : > > while s[-1].isspace() : > > del s[-1] > > del s[0] > > s = ''.join(s) > > It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del > to delete a character. Try it. > Alan, he does convert to a list first and then rejoin to a string afterwards, so using del is not the problem. However, the script is still flawed. The loop to delete trailing whitespace is nested within the loop to delete the leading whitespace. The trailing whitespace loop only needs to be run once, but it is currently being processed once for each leading space and not at all if there are no leading spaces! For instance, " Myriad Harbor " strips OK, but "Myriad Harbor " does not. The solution of course is to keep the two loops separate: s = list(s) while s[0].isspace() : del s[0] while s[-1].isspace() : del s[-1] s = ''.join(s) Ian. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071003/a4d6f28c/attachment-0001.htm From cuongvt at fpt.vn Wed Oct 3 05:07:12 2007 From: cuongvt at fpt.vn (cuongvt) Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2007 20:07:12 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] newbie: Django suited for database driven web application? In-Reply-To: <47030120.5040905@tds.net> References: <13010754.post@talk.nabble.com> <47030120.5040905@tds.net> Message-ID: <13012222.post@talk.nabble.com> Tnx for quick answer, I go for python and Django Kent Johnson wrote: > > cuongvt wrote: >> Hello >> I'm new to both Django and Python. I'm mainly developing on PHP. >> I tend to move to Django. But I want to confirm as below: >> I heard that Django is mainly used for something like content management, >> CMS or something >> like that and Rails is mainly for web applications. >> So my question: is it true or not? > > No. >> For rapid web application development, can I use Django to create >> intranet >> database web driven >> application in my company for example: empoyees time management, goods >> import/export management, >> salary management etc? > > I don't know why not! > > Look here for many examples of Django sites: > http://www.djangosites.org/latest/ > > Here is the one I work on: > http://blogcosm.com > > Here is a small catalog site: > http://www.americanpersonalizedproducts.com/ > > Kent > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/newbie%3A-Django-suited-for-database-driven-web-application--tf4559119.html#a13012222 Sent from the Python - tutor mailing list archive at Nabble.com. From ricaraoz at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 12:49:07 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 07:49:07 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au><47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <470373A3.1000408@bigfoot.com> Alan Gauld wrote: > "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > >> sorry, forgot a piece of the code : >> >> s = list(s) >> while s[0].isspace() : >> while s[-1].isspace() : >> del s[-1] >> del s[0] >> s = ''.join(s) > > It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del > to delete a character. Try it. It comes straight from Idle (still warm ;-) ). Notice s = list(s) and s = ''.join(s), so I'm not using del with strings but with a list and that is ok. Try it, it does work. > >>>> del('foo'[-1]) > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "", line 1, in ? > TypeError: object doesn't support item deletion > Not what I'm doing. Cheers Ricardo From ricaraoz at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 12:56:22 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 07:56:22 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au> <4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au> <47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <47037556.2050208@bigfoot.com> Ian Witham wrote: > > On 10/3/07, *Alan Gauld* > wrote: > > > "Ricardo Ar?oz" > wrote > > >sorry, forgot a piece of the code : > > > >s = list(s) > >while s[0].isspace() : > > while s[-1].isspace() : > > del s[-1] > > del s[0] > > s = ''.join(s) > > It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del > to delete a character. Try it. > > > Alan, he does convert to a list first and then rejoin to a string > afterwards, so using del is not the problem. > > However, the script is still flawed. > The loop to delete trailing whitespace is nested within the loop to > delete the leading whitespace. The trailing whitespace loop only needs > to be run once, but it is currently being processed once for each > leading space and not at all if there are no leading spaces! > For instance, " Myriad Harbor " strips OK, but "Myriad Harbor " does not. > > The solution of course is to keep the two loops separate: > > s = list(s) > while s[0].isspace() : > del s[0] > while s[-1].isspace() : > del s[-1] > s = ''.join(s) > You are right Ian. It's an extra "s[-1].isspace()" (and a jump) for each leading whitespace, so though it works yours is still better. Don't know why didn't see it :(, perhaps because I took code from the previous post and did a quick fix. :( (and blushing in shame) From dos.fool at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 14:53:32 2007 From: dos.fool at gmail.com (max baseman) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 06:53:32 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Tkinter text Message-ID: <7F520B73-CE99-45BA-B523-121CF1988636@gmail.com> hello im working on my first simple gui using Tkinter i've got two questions, 1st how would you go about creating a hidden text file that trys on a apple and if that does not work tries to do it on a windows computer? the program I'm making is a vary simple text editor for one file all it needs to be able to do is add text and save. as far as i can see i'll mostly need to use the text widget but i cant find a tutorial for that widget mostly just for the text entry widget which is only for one line of text. if anyone knows a good tut that would be great thank you From sacharook at hotmail.co.uk Wed Oct 3 15:10:33 2007 From: sacharook at hotmail.co.uk (sacha rook) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 14:10:33 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] data from excel spreadsheet to csv and manipulate In-Reply-To: <004d01c8042c$db761440$0b0aa8c0@rbsassociates.local> References: <004d01c8042c$db761440$0b0aa8c0@rbsassociates.local> Message-ID: Hi can anyone help with the best way to tackle this? I have a spreadsheet ms excel, that has a name column that I want to extract to csv and manipulate as follows. The name column has data in this format Name Surname Firstname after extracting and manipulating I want it to be as follows in three comma separated fields; Firstname, Surname, Firstname Surname So Smith John becomes John, Smith, John Smith I hope I have explained myself. I want to use python to do all this if sensible, so what is the best approach? Many thanks S _________________________________________________________________ Feel like a local wherever you go. http://www.backofmyhand.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071003/5fd9e162/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 3 16:10:13 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 10:10:13 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] data from excel spreadsheet to csv and manipulate In-Reply-To: References: <004d01c8042c$db761440$0b0aa8c0@rbsassociates.local> Message-ID: <4703A2C5.5000600@tds.net> sacha rook wrote: > Hi > > can anyone help with the best way to tackle this? > > I have a spreadsheet ms excel, that has a name column that I want to > extract to csv and manipulate as follows. If you can save the spreadsheet as csv then you can use the csv module for reading and writing. To read the excel file directly you can use one of these: http://www.lexicon.net/sjmachin/xlrd.htm http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyexcelerator If you are running on Windows then you can also script Excel directly with COM: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/440661 Kent From jason.massey at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 17:20:07 2007 From: jason.massey at gmail.com (Jason Massey) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 10:20:07 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] for a given file, how to find file size? In-Reply-To: <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <7e3eab2c0710030820q345d54bbp71ea8d5d1b7e42a@mail.gmail.com> Are you sure? From the link you provided it looks as if: *stat*( path) Perform a stat() system call on the given path. The return value is an object whose attributes correspond to the members of the statstructure, namely: st_mode (protection bits), st_ino (inode number), st_dev (device), st_nlink(number of hard links), st_uid (user ID of owner), st_gid (group ID of owner), st_size (size of file, in bytes), st_atime (time of most recent access), st_mtime (time of most recent content modification), st_ctime (platform dependent; time of most recent metadata change on Unix, or the time of creation on Windows): >>> import os >>> statinfo = os.stat('somefile.txt') >>> statinfo (33188, 422511L, 769L, 1, 1032, 100, 926L, 1105022698,1105022732, 1105022732) >>> statinfo.st_size 926L >>> does exactly what you want. On 10/2/07, Kamal wrote: > > never mind found my answer here > > http://docs.python.org/lib/os-file-dir.html > > > On 10/2/07, Kamal wrote: > > > > would appreciate any pointers. > > > > -- > > Thanks, > > Kamal > > > > > -- > Thanks, > Kamal > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071003/4852d626/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 3 17:40:29 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 11:40:29 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] for a given file, how to find file size? In-Reply-To: <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4703B7ED.9090706@tds.net> Kamal wrote: > never mind found my answer here > > http://docs.python.org/lib/os-file-dir.html os.path.getsize() also works. Kent From kpsingh at gmail.com Wed Oct 3 19:54:10 2007 From: kpsingh at gmail.com (Kamal) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 10:54:10 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] for a given file, how to find file size? In-Reply-To: <4703B7ED.9090706@tds.net> References: <333eea650710022135g5ebf9477le088b973c6e16bb1@mail.gmail.com> <333eea650710022142u5ea15c62sce10ebc05c6efccc@mail.gmail.com> <4703B7ED.9090706@tds.net> Message-ID: <333eea650710031054y3103e918qc6fb057632827329@mail.gmail.com> Thanks Jason and Kent for the responses. On 10/3/07, Kent Johnson wrote: > Kamal wrote: > > never mind found my answer here > > > > http://docs.python.org/lib/os-file-dir.html > > os.path.getsize() also works. > > Kent > -- Thanks, Kamal From pkraus at pelsupply.com Wed Oct 3 22:40:08 2007 From: pkraus at pelsupply.com (Paul D. Kraus) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 16:40:08 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Sending Email Message-ID: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> I have a turbogears app that needs to be able to send out email notifications to users. Just plain text, no attachments. Can anyone suggest some lightweight module? Maybe something Akin to Perl's MIME::Lite. Paul From steve at alchemy.com Wed Oct 3 22:45:03 2007 From: steve at alchemy.com (Steve Willoughby) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 13:45:03 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Sending Email In-Reply-To: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> References: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071003204503.GF88747@dragon.alchemy.com> On Wed, Oct 03, 2007 at 04:40:08PM -0400, Paul D. Kraus wrote: > I have a turbogears app that needs to be able to send out email > notifications to users. Just plain text, no attachments. Can anyone > suggest some lightweight module? > > Maybe something Akin to Perl's MIME::Lite. Python comes with an smtplib module which works very well. You say you want plain text, so just do this: import smtplib mail = smtplib.SMTP(mailhost_name) mail.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg) mail.quit() You can use MIME modules too if you want attachments and stuff, but this is pretty simple for plain text. -- Steve Willoughby | Using billion-dollar satellites steve at alchemy.com | to hunt for Tupperware. From kent37 at tds.net Wed Oct 3 23:02:52 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 17:02:52 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Sending Email In-Reply-To: <20071003204503.GF88747@dragon.alchemy.com> References: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> <20071003204503.GF88747@dragon.alchemy.com> Message-ID: <4704037C.1000904@tds.net> Steve Willoughby wrote: > Python comes with an smtplib module which works very well. You say > you want plain text, so just do this: > > import smtplib > > mail = smtplib.SMTP(mailhost_name) > mail.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg) > mail.quit() One gotcha is that msg must also include From and Two headers. A slightly longer example is here: http://docs.python.org/lib/SMTP-example.html Kent From steve at alchemy.com Wed Oct 3 23:09:07 2007 From: steve at alchemy.com (Steve Willoughby) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 14:09:07 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Sending Email In-Reply-To: <4704037C.1000904@tds.net> References: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> <20071003204503.GF88747@dragon.alchemy.com> <4704037C.1000904@tds.net> Message-ID: <20071003210907.GG88747@dragon.alchemy.com> On Wed, Oct 03, 2007 at 05:02:52PM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > One gotcha is that msg must also include From and Two headers. A > slightly longer example is here: > http://docs.python.org/lib/SMTP-example.html Yes, that's important to remember. Actually, you want to put all the headers you care about in msg (probably Subject at least, along with To, From, and possibly Cc). You can also, by the way, exploit the separation of naming recipient(s) in the sendmail() method and listing them in the To: header in the message text in order to do blind-Cc (Bcc). Just name some people in the sendmail() parameter but not in the To: or Cc: headers, and they are blind-carbon-copied. -- Steve Willoughby | Using billion-dollar satellites steve at alchemy.com | to hunt for Tupperware. From steve at alchemy.com Wed Oct 3 23:25:14 2007 From: steve at alchemy.com (Steve Willoughby) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 14:25:14 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Sending Email In-Reply-To: <20071003210907.GG88747@dragon.alchemy.com> References: <4e2aea430710031340s15508172q8473ad0a20415bad@mail.gmail.com> <20071003204503.GF88747@dragon.alchemy.com> <4704037C.1000904@tds.net> <20071003210907.GG88747@dragon.alchemy.com> Message-ID: <20071003212514.GH88747@dragon.alchemy.com> On Wed, Oct 03, 2007 at 02:09:07PM -0700, Steve Willoughby wrote: > On Wed, Oct 03, 2007 at 05:02:52PM -0400, Kent Johnson wrote: > > One gotcha is that msg must also include From and Two headers. A > > slightly longer example is here: > > http://docs.python.org/lib/SMTP-example.html > > Yes, that's important to remember. Actually, you want to > put all the headers you care about in msg (probably Subject > at least, along with To, From, and possibly Cc). You can also, > by the way, exploit the separation of naming recipient(s) in the > sendmail() method and listing them in the To: header in the message > text in order to do blind-Cc (Bcc). Just name some people in > the sendmail() parameter but not in the To: or Cc: headers, and > they are blind-carbon-copied. ...and don't forget the blank line between headers and message text. -- Steve Willoughby | Using billion-dollar satellites steve at alchemy.com | to hunt for Tupperware. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Wed Oct 3 23:37:41 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 22:37:41 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au><47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> <470373A3.1000408@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > >It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del > > to delete a character. Try it. > > It comes straight from Idle (still warm ;-) ). > Notice s = list(s) Shame and embarrassment! I read that code through both times and never noticed the list conversion either time! I did wonder about the join() but just dismissed it as irrelevant. Grovelling apologies. Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Wed Oct 3 23:58:17 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 22:58:17 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Tkinter text References: <7F520B73-CE99-45BA-B523-121CF1988636@gmail.com> Message-ID: "max baseman" wrote > i've got two questions, 1st how would you go about creating a hidden > text file that trys on a apple and if that does not work tries to do > it on a windows computer? I don;t undeetabnd this bit. What does the text file try on the Apple/Windows computer? > the program I'm making is a vary simple text editor for one file all > it needs to be able to do is add text and save. as far as i can see > i'll mostly need to use the text widget but i cant find a tutorial > for that widget mostly just for the text entry widget which is only > for one line of text. if anyone knows a good tut that would be great This should only be about 20 lines of code. The Text widget plus the standard fole open/save dialogs should dop all you need. For a very simple example of using the Text widget see the case study and the Event Driven programming topics of my tutor. For more detail see Fred Lundh's Tkinter reference. When you get stuck ask here. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From dos.fool at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 00:30:37 2007 From: dos.fool at gmail.com (max baseman) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 16:30:37 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] Tkinter text In-Reply-To: References: <7F520B73-CE99-45BA-B523-121CF1988636@gmail.com> Message-ID: <07CA79D0-9F78-4F5C-878A-8A8944CDD104@gmail.com> sorry, what i was trying to say was, how would i write something that at first tries to create a hidden file on a apple computer then if the computer was not a apple creates a hidden file on a windows OS i have slowly been reading your tutorial and it's really one of the best tuts i've ever read i really like and that was the first place i checked but in the GUI section the text entry bit is for a single line of text On Oct 3, 2007, at 3:58 PM, Alan Gauld wrote: > > "max baseman" wrote > >> i've got two questions, 1st how would you go about creating a hidden >> text file that trys on a apple and if that does not work tries to do >> it on a windows computer? > > I don;t undeetabnd this bit. What does the text file try on > the Apple/Windows computer? > >> the program I'm making is a vary simple text editor for one file all >> it needs to be able to do is add text and save. as far as i can see >> i'll mostly need to use the text widget but i cant find a tutorial >> for that widget mostly just for the text entry widget which is only >> for one line of text. if anyone knows a good tut that would be great > > This should only be about 20 lines of code. The Text widget plus > the standard fole open/save dialogs should dop all you need. > > For a very simple example of using the Text widget see the case > study and the Event Driven programming topics of my tutor. > > For more detail see Fred Lundh's Tkinter reference. > > When you get stuck ask here. > > HTH, > > > -- > Alan Gauld > Author of the Learn to Program web site > http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From ricaraoz at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 01:48:02 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2007 20:48:02 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() In-Reply-To: References: <465410.15557.qm@web51609.mail.re2.yahoo.com> <78b3a9580709300102x12cbe392uebb988ed965c7202@mail.gmail.com> <45109da50709301605u362a2a25r82bb444cad5bc11d@mail.gmail.com> <47003DF4.2020903@exemail.com.au> <4701EB7E.5080801@exemail.com.au> <4701ECC5.9000009@exemail.com.au><4701ED96.4000307@exemail.com.au> <4701EE25.4050908@exemail.com.au><47024BB9.1000800@bigfoot.com> <4702E25F.9090906@bigfoot.com> <470373A3.1000408@bigfoot.com> Message-ID: <47042A32.6070201@bigfoot.com> Alan Gauld wrote: > "Ricardo Ar?oz" wrote > >>> It still won't work. Strings are immutable, you can't use del >>> to delete a character. Try it. >> It comes straight from Idle (still warm ;-) ). >> Notice s = list(s) > > Shame and embarrassment! I read that code through both times and > never noticed the list conversion either time! I did wonder about the > join() but just dismissed it as irrelevant. > > Grovelling apologies. > Don't worry, you can imagine MY 'shame and embarrasment' at being pointed that the while's should go separate as opposed to one within the other. 87( From cspears2002 at yahoo.com Thu Oct 4 02:08:53 2007 From: cspears2002 at yahoo.com (Christopher Spears) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 17:08:53 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() Message-ID: <816104.33507.qm@web51605.mail.re2.yahoo.com> I know people might be sick of this thread by now, but I decided to post a solution to this problem that uses regular expressions. #!/usr/bin/env python import string import re def my_strip(s): remove_leading = re.sub(r'^\s+','',s) remove_trailing = re.sub(r'\s+$','',remove_leading) new_s = remove_trailing return new_s test = raw_input("Enter a string with leading and trailing whitespace: ") #print test new_s = my_strip(test) print new_s From cspears2002 at yahoo.com Thu Oct 4 04:29:13 2007 From: cspears2002 at yahoo.com (Christopher Spears) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 19:29:13 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] matching a street address with regular expressions Message-ID: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> One of the exercises in Core Python Programming is to create a regular expression that will match a street address. Here is one of my attempts. >>> street = "1180 Bordeaux Drive" >>> patt = "\d+ \w+" >>> import re >>> m = re.match(patt, street) >>> if m is not None: m.group() ... '1180 Bordeaux' >>> Obviously, I can just create a pattern "\d+ \w+ \w+". However, the pattern would be useless if I had a street name like 3120 De la Cruz Boulevard. Any hints? From john at fouhy.net Thu Oct 4 04:42:09 2007 From: john at fouhy.net (John Fouhy) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 14:42:09 +1200 Subject: [Tutor] matching a street address with regular expressions In-Reply-To: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> References: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <5e58f2e40710031942m3eb1e343t7e81b94eecc770ac@mail.gmail.com> On 04/10/2007, Christopher Spears wrote: > Obviously, I can just create a pattern "\d+ \w+ \w+". > However, the pattern would be useless if I had a > street name like 3120 De la Cruz Boulevard. Any > hints? Possibly you could create a list of street types ('Street', 'Road', 'Crescent', 'Lane', etc.), then construct a regular expression matching "a number, followed by one or more words, followed by a street type". Another thing you could do: put the street number, street name, and street type into separate named groups, so you could do things like "m['number']" to get the street number from the match object. Finally, street addresses can be very dirty -- you get people writing things like: "Flat A, 13 Main St" "13A Main St" "13-A Main St" "13/A Main St" "13-15 Main St" and other variations. Some people earn good money doing address cleaning :-) -- John. From poolmasterji at yahoo.com Thu Oct 4 07:35:47 2007 From: poolmasterji at yahoo.com (Kamal) Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 22:35:47 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python Message-ID: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> hello everyone, Is there a method in Python which does what setInterval('someFunction()',5000) does in Javascript. Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and wondering whats the best way to do it. -- Thanks, Kamal From fast_primes at hotmail.com Thu Oct 4 07:38:08 2007 From: fast_primes at hotmail.com (Fast Primes) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 01:38:08 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Controlling MS Windows programs? Message-ID: I am looking for ways to control multiple Windows programs from Python, such that I can enter data via Python and have that data passed to an underlying third party program's GUI screen, operated on and the results possibly passed back to Python. Thence onto yet another program for further work. I've not seen any material covering this--even in Python Programming on Win32. Is it possible to come at this in a more straight forward way than having to concern oneself with COM and the related Windows internals? Thanks. FP _________________________________________________________________ Climb to the top of the charts!? Play Star Shuffle:? the word scramble challenge with star power. http://club.live.com/star_shuffle.aspx?icid=starshuffle_wlmailtextlink_oct -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071004/860fe5ce/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 4 09:13:51 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 08:13:51 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] creating the equivalent of string.strip() References: <816104.33507.qm@web51605.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: "Christopher Spears" wrote > I decided to post a solution to this problem that uses > regular expressions. > > def my_strip(s): > remove_leading = re.sub(r'^\s+','',s) > remove_trailing = > re.sub(r'\s+$','',remove_leading) > new_s = remove_trailing > return new_s You can replace the last two lines with return remove_trailing There is no need for new_s (In fact you could just return the last sub result and dispense with remove_training too!) Alan G. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 4 09:27:20 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 08:27:20 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Controlling MS Windows programs? References: Message-ID: "Fast Primes" wrote > I am looking for ways to control multiple Windows programs > from Python, such that I can enter data via Python and have > that data passed to an underlying third party program's GUI > screen, ... > Is it possible to come at this in a more straight forward way > than having to concern oneself with COM and the related > Windows internals? COM *is* the straightforward way, that is what COM is for. If you can't use COM you have to go through the far less reliable route of "screen scraping" the GUI. This involves passing windows messages to the target application to simulate user events. Look at the PostMessage function in the Win32 API (Check it on MSDN) as an example. Getting data back out can be even more tricky unless you can get the "handle" of the widgets concerned. That can usually be done with a combination of FindWindow() and GetChildWindows() calls You can access the API functions via ctypes. But COM is actually easier in most cases Windows was not designed for scripting! Thats why DDE/OLE/COM was developed. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 4 09:34:25 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 08:34:25 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] matching a street address with regular expressions References: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: "Christopher Spears" wrote > create a regular expression that will match a street > address. Here is one of my attempts. > > Obviously, I can just create a pattern "\d+ \w+ \w+". > However, the pattern would be useless if I had a > street name like 3120 De la Cruz Boulevard. Any > hints? Yes, don't go too far. Matching addresses is a fantastically difficult thing to do perfectly. There are several companies whose only product is software to match and check addresses and they sell it for hundreds of thousands of dollars a license! They spend years developing and improving it. Our suppllier is up to version 16 and they only release new versions every 2 years... Of course they are matching formats from countries around the world and providing GUI management consoles and MIS reports etc etc. But the core function of correctly identifying valid addresses remains a hugely complex task. Its a good idea to try just enough of it to realise how hard it is. Then stop. :-) HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From rob.andrews at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 10:41:21 2007 From: rob.andrews at gmail.com (Rob Andrews) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 03:41:21 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python In-Reply-To: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <8d757d2e0710040141w75351982wcd14fafddf7f5db1@mail.gmail.com> On 10/4/07, Kamal wrote: > Is there a method in Python which does what > setInterval('someFunction()',5000) does in Javascript. > > Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and wondering > whats the best way to do it. Yes, the time module in the standard library has sleep(x), where x is in seconds. The Python Library Reference, section 14.2, goes into a bit more detail. -Rob A. From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 4 10:56:25 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 09:56:25 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> <8d757d2e0710040141w75351982wcd14fafddf7f5db1@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: "Rob Andrews" wrote >> Is there a method in Python which does what >> setInterval('someFunction()',5000) does in Javascript. >> >> Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and >> wondering >> whats the best way to do it. > > Yes, the time module in the standard library has sleep(x), where x > is > in seconds. Unfortunately sleep blocks the program so you may need to wrap it in a thread to launch the required function at the required time without blocking the main program. There probably is a third party module that will do this but I don't know of any. If its within a GUI context then I think both Tkinter and wxPython have timer facilities although I've never used them. Alan G. From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 4 12:41:33 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 06:41:33 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python In-Reply-To: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4704C35D.7090501@tds.net> Kamal wrote: > hello everyone, > > Is there a method in Python which does what > setInterval('someFunction()',5000) does in Javascript. > > Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and wondering > whats the best way to do it. http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/65222 Kent From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 4 12:46:14 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 06:46:14 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python In-Reply-To: References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> <8d757d2e0710040141w75351982wcd14fafddf7f5db1@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <4704C476.5010508@tds.net> Alan Gauld wrote: > If its within a GUI context then I think both Tkinter and wxPython > have timer facilities although I've never used them. Tkinter: http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x9507-alarm-handlers-and-other.htm From rikard.bosnjakovic at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 13:18:20 2007 From: rikard.bosnjakovic at gmail.com (Rikard Bosnjakovic) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 13:18:20 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python In-Reply-To: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: On 04/10/2007, Kamal wrote: > Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and wondering > whats the best way to do it. If you need to run the functions concurrently, use threads. Else you can setup a simple signal-handler for SIGALRM and set the time accordingly: import signal def setup_signal(): # Wait 5 seconds before alarming signal.alarm(5) signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, signal_handler) def signal_handler(signum, frame): print "I got an alarm!" # need to resetup the signal setup_signal() setup_signal() # A pointless loop for x in xrange(500000000): if (x % 100000) == 0: print x -- - Rikard - http://bos.hack.org/cv/ From tinoloc at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 17:36:45 2007 From: tinoloc at gmail.com (Tino Dai) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 11:36:45 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] getting a result from an if condition Message-ID: Hi Everybody, I'm having some problems with get an if block to work. import re regex=re.compile('(some expression)') # What I'm trying to get to work if (m=regex.search('some long string')): print m.groups() - The thing that isn't working is the m=regex .... in the if line. Is this possible in python? Thanks, Tino -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071004/eb60fe8d/attachment.htm From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 4 18:01:03 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 12:01:03 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] getting a result from an if condition In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <47050E3F.8030705@tds.net> Tino Dai wrote: > Hi Everybody, > > I'm having some problems with get an if block to work. > > import re > > regex=re.compile('(some expression)') > > # What I'm trying to get to work > if (m=regex.search('some long string')): > print m.groups() > > - The thing that isn't working is the m=regex .... in the if line. Is this > possible in python? No. Assignment in Python is a statement, not an expression. It does not have a value and it can't be used in a conditional. Use m=regex.search('some long string') if (m): print m.groups() Kents From noufal at airtelbroadband.in Thu Oct 4 19:23:18 2007 From: noufal at airtelbroadband.in (Noufal Ibrahim) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 22:53:18 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Timers in Python In-Reply-To: <4704C35D.7090501@tds.net> References: <333eea650710032235q7d39d6pc43f17a4c9aa72ae@mail.gmail.com> <4704C35D.7090501@tds.net> Message-ID: <47052186.5030400@airtelbroadband.in> Kent Johnson wrote: > Kamal wrote: >> hello everyone, >> >> Is there a method in Python which does what >> setInterval('someFunction()',5000) does in Javascript. >> >> Basically, I want to call functionOne() every x minutes, and wondering >> whats the best way to do it. You can also look at the sched module that comes with the standard distribution. -- ~noufal http://nibrahim.net.in/ From walksloud at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 21:15:41 2007 From: walksloud at gmail.com (Andre Walker-Loud) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 15:15:41 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B Message-ID: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> Hi All, lets say I am in Dir A (out of my control because I have submitted a job to a queuing system) and I have a python script which is running in this directory - the one I submitted to the queue what I need to do is have my python script run another executable, but it must do it from a directory different from the one I am in, it needs to run in the /scratch/ directory (again not my choice) Is this possible, and is it easy? the way I have been using python to run other executables is os.system('path/my.executable input') but this dumps the output in the directory I am currently in, and not the directory the my.executable lives in - I am hoping there is a simple way to tell python to run the executable in its directory, and have its output live there as well. If I were using CSH, I could do all this very simply by having these lines in my script ### .csh file cd /scratch my_exe.csh I am hoping this idea makes sense and is simple with python... Thanks, Andre From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 4 21:57:03 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 15:57:03 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B In-Reply-To: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> Message-ID: <4705458F.5050605@tds.net> Andre Walker-Loud wrote: > Hi All, > > lets say I am in Dir A (out of my control because I have submitted a > job to a queuing system) > > and I have a python script which is running in this directory - the > one I submitted to the queue > > what I need to do is have my python script run another executable, > but it must do it from a directory different from the one I am in, it > needs to run in the /scratch/ directory (again not my choice) > > Is this possible, and is it easy? Use subprocess.Popen() with the cwd argument. Kent From tiagosaboga at terra.com.br Thu Oct 4 22:10:08 2007 From: tiagosaboga at terra.com.br (Tiago Saboga) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 17:10:08 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B In-Reply-To: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> Message-ID: <20071004201008.GC7084@localdomain> On Thu, Oct 04, 2007 at 03:15:41PM -0400, Andre Walker-Loud wrote: > what I need to do is have my python script run another executable, > but it must do it from a directory different from the one I am in, it > needs to run in the /scratch/ directory (again not my choice) > > Is this possible, and is it easy? > > the way I have been using python to run other executables is > > os.system('path/my.executable input') Have a look at the subprocess module. You should be able to do something like: subprocess.Popen(['path/my.executable'], cwd='path') I am not sure of the actual keyword to be used, so please look at the docs... Tiago. From lu.fangwen at yahoo.com Thu Oct 4 22:19:35 2007 From: lu.fangwen at yahoo.com (Fangwen Lu) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 13:19:35 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] How to do histogram Message-ID: <620987.4618.qm@web44913.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> Dear all- I want to get a histogram. And I did the following. from pylab import * x=(1,1,2,2,2,2,3,4) hist(x) Then I get (array([2, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]), array([ 1. , 1.3, 1.6, 1.9, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, 3.4, 3.7]), ) But actually I want to get a picture. What's the problem? What should I do? Thanks. Fangwen --------------------------------- Building a website is a piece of cake. Yahoo! Small Business gives you all the tools to get online. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071004/918b9177/attachment.htm From rikard.bosnjakovic at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 23:08:06 2007 From: rikard.bosnjakovic at gmail.com (Rikard Bosnjakovic) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 23:08:06 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] How to do histogram In-Reply-To: <620987.4618.qm@web44913.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> References: <620987.4618.qm@web44913.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: On 04/10/2007, Fangwen Lu wrote: > What's the problem? We have no idea. Perhaps you could give us some info of what errors the Python-process returns. Things will be easier to help out that way. -- - Rikard - http://bos.hack.org/cv/ From kent37 at tds.net Thu Oct 4 23:30:58 2007 From: kent37 at tds.net (Kent Johnson) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 17:30:58 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] How to do histogram In-Reply-To: <620987.4618.qm@web44913.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> References: <620987.4618.qm@web44913.mail.sp1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <47055B92.3080608@tds.net> Fangwen Lu wrote: > Dear all- > > I want to get a histogram. And I did the following. > from pylab import * > x=(1,1,2,2,2,2,3,4) > hist(x) > > Then I get > (array([2, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]), array([ 1. , 1.3, 1.6, 1.9, > 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, 3.4, 3.7]), ) > > But actually I want to get a picture. > What's the problem? What should I do? Did you call show() ? There is a histogram example here: http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/screenshots.html Kent From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Thu Oct 4 23:13:00 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:13:00 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> Message-ID: "Andre Walker-Loud" wrote > If I were using CSH, I could do all this very simply by having these > lines in my script > > ### .csh file > > cd /scratch > my_exe.csh The best answer is to use subprocess as Kent suggested but you can also use os.chdir(path) before using os.system() But system() is deprecated in favour of the subprocess module. Of course you could also modify your script to take a path as a command line argument and use that to direct the output explicitly... Alan G. From dos.fool at gmail.com Fri Oct 5 01:37:00 2007 From: dos.fool at gmail.com (max baseman) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 17:37:00 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] another quickie Message-ID: hello all, im sorry but i might be asking a lot of Tkinter questions for a bit. im still working on my first GUI, it is very simple all i want it to do is open a text file, write to it, than save it. so far i have a GUI with the ability to right text (nothing amazing), but i don't know how to have it display the text from a text file any help would be great from Tkinter import * top=Tk() F=Frame(top) F.pack() F.txtBox=Text(top) F.txtBox.pack() F.pack() this is all i have so far ^_^" From ricaraoz at gmail.com Thu Oct 4 14:31:00 2007 From: ricaraoz at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Ricardo_Ar=E1oz?=) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2007 09:31:00 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] matching a street address with regular expressions In-Reply-To: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> References: <505641.42832.qm@web51601.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <4704DD04.4020304@bigfoot.com> Christopher Spears wrote: > One of the exercises in Core Python Programming is to > create a regular expression that will match a street > address. Here is one of my attempts. > >>>> street = "1180 Bordeaux Drive" >>>> patt = "\d+ \w+" >>>> import re >>>> m = re.match(patt, street) >>>> if m is not None: m.group() > ... > '1180 Bordeaux' > > Obviously, I can just create a pattern "\d+ \w+ \w+". > However, the pattern would be useless if I had a > street name like 3120 De la Cruz Boulevard. Any > hints? > Maybe : r'^(\d+)\s+(.*?)(?:\s+)?(\d+.*)?$' street = "1180 Bordeaux Drive 5th floor apt 'A'" then : \1 : '1180' \2 : 'Bordeaux Drive' \3 : "5th floor apt 'A'" or : street = "1180 Bordeaux Drive" then : \1 : '1180' \2 : 'Bordeaux Drive' \3 : "" From jim at ubuntu-rocks.org Fri Oct 5 01:07:35 2007 From: jim at ubuntu-rocks.org (Jim Hutchinson) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 17:07:35 -0600 Subject: [Tutor] random number generator Message-ID: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> Hello, I am writing a little program to test a theory and as part of teaching myself Python. I've only been at this about a week now. I have a program that "should" work but doesn't. It generates a random number between 1 and 2 out to 10 decimal places. I think there is something wrong with how my random number is generated or defined or how my guesses are defined. I added a line to tell me what the random number is and then if I enter it as a guess it doesn't match and exit the loop. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Here is a sample output: --- I'm thinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck. 1.14981949962 Make a guess: 1.14981949962 Higher... Make another guess: 1.14981949963 Lower... 1.14981949963 Make another guess: --- Here is my code: --- # Number guessing game # # The computer will choose a number between 1 and 2 (to ten decimal places) # and the player will try to guess the number. The program will tell the # player the number is either higher or lower than the number they guessed. import random import os os.system("clear") print "\nWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!" print "\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 2." print "\nYes, that's right. Between 1 and 2." print "\nYou have heard of decimals right? Well, I'm" print "\nthinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck.\n" # set random value random.seed() number = random.random() + 1 print number guess = float(raw_input("Make a guess: ")) tries = 1 # the guess loop while (guess != number): if (guess > number): print "Lower..." else: print "Higher..." guess = float(raw_input("Make another guess: ")) tries += 1 print "Congratulations! You guessed my number! The number was", number print "It took you only", tries, "tries!\n" # end --- Thanks, Jim -- Please avoid sending me Word or PowerPoint attachments. See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html From bhaaluu at gmail.com Fri Oct 5 03:12:23 2007 From: bhaaluu at gmail.com (bhaaluu) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 21:12:23 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] another quickie In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On 10/4/07, max baseman wrote: > hello all, im sorry but i might be asking a lot of Tkinter questions > for a bit. > im still working on my first GUI, it is very simple all i want it to > do is open a text file, write to it, than save it. so far i have a > GUI with the ability to right text (nothing amazing), but i don't > know how to have it display the text from a text file any help would > be great The book, Python Programming 3E by Mark Lutz has over 300 pages of Tkinter tutorial in it, covering just about anything you'd want to do with Tkinter. I've seen it "used" on the Internet for a little over $10. It retails for $60 (Over 1500 pages of pure Python programming). It is an O'Reilly book, and they have the code examples for the book on their site at: http://examples.oreilly.com/python3/ Lutz starts off simple, and gets as complicated as you can stand. Bite off small pieces, and chew well. > > from Tkinter import * > top=Tk() > F=Frame(top) > F.pack() > F.txtBox=Text(top) > F.txtBox.pack() > F.pack() > > this is all i have so far ^_^" Lutz develops a full-blown text-editor, using Tkinter, in PP3E. Happy Programming! -- b h a a l u u at g m a i l dot c o m http://www.geocities.com/ek.bhaaluu/index.html From walksloud at gmail.com Fri Oct 5 04:45:49 2007 From: walksloud at gmail.com (Andre Walker-Loud) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:45:49 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B In-Reply-To: References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com> Message-ID: Thank you everyone for the help. I have two solutions, but I would love one that uses the subprocess.Popen() - I have no experience with this module.class - if someone with more experience would feel inclined to provide an example, I would be very much appreciative. SOLUTION 1 (my brute force method) create a csh file which does what I want, ##### filename: hack.csh #!/bin/csh set RUN_DIR = $1 set EXEC_DIR = $2 cd ${RUN_DIR} ${EXEC_DIR}/my.exe ##### then I call this in my python code from some arbitrary directory ##### python script... os.system('./hack.csh /scratch exec_dir') ##### SOLUTION 2 (courtesy of my computer-superhero friend - again simple) in my python script... ##### import os curdir = os.path.abspath('.') # in case I need to get back to where I am - in my case no os.chdir('RUN_DIR') # in my case RUN_DIR = /scratch if I wanted to get back to my old directory - then add os.chdir(curdir) ##### so both of these methods are sort of brute force - being completely unfamiliar with the subprocess module, again is someone would like to provide an example, or at least more hints than 'you should use subprocess.Popen()' I thank you in advance. Cheers, Andre On Oct 4, 2007, at 5:13 PM, Alan Gauld wrote: > "Andre Walker-Loud" wrote > >> If I were using CSH, I could do all this very simply by having these >> lines in my script >> >> ### .csh file >> >> cd /scratch >> my_exe.csh > > The best answer is to use subprocess as Kent suggested > but you can also use os.chdir(path) before using os.system() > But system() is deprecated in favour of the subprocess module. > > Of course you could also modify your script to take a > path as a command line argument and use that to direct > the output explicitly... > > Alan G. > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From jerry.vb at gmail.com Fri Oct 5 06:12:16 2007 From: jerry.vb at gmail.com (Jerry VanBrimmer) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 21:12:16 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] random number generator In-Reply-To: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> References: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: <901b226d0710042112h70fc8cew705ff10a5002e3c8@mail.gmail.com> I'm no Python wizard, I'm still learning myself. But I think you need another "if" statement to check if "guess" is equal to "number". if guess == number: print "Congratulations!" Something like that. On 10/4/07, Jim Hutchinson wrote: > Hello, > > I am writing a little program to test a theory and as part of teaching > myself Python. I've only been at this about a week now. I have a > program that "should" work but doesn't. It generates a random number > between 1 and 2 out to 10 decimal places. I think there is something > wrong with how my random number is generated or defined or how my > guesses are defined. I added a line to tell me what the random number > is and then if I enter it as a guess it doesn't match and exit the > loop. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Here is a sample output: > > --- > I'm thinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck. > > 1.14981949962 > Make a guess: 1.14981949962 > Higher... > Make another guess: 1.14981949963 > Lower... > 1.14981949963 > Make another guess: > --- > > Here is my code: > > --- > # Number guessing game > # > # The computer will choose a number between 1 and 2 (to ten decimal places) > # and the player will try to guess the number. The program will tell the > # player the number is either higher or lower than the number they guessed. > import random > import os > os.system("clear") > print "\nWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!" > print "\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 2." > print "\nYes, that's right. Between 1 and 2." > print "\nYou have heard of decimals right? Well, I'm" > print "\nthinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck.\n" > # set random value > random.seed() > number = random.random() + 1 > print number > guess = float(raw_input("Make a guess: ")) > tries = 1 > # the guess loop > while (guess != number): > if (guess > number): > print "Lower..." > else: > print "Higher..." > guess = float(raw_input("Make another guess: ")) > tries += 1 > print "Congratulations! You guessed my number! The number was", number > print "It took you only", tries, "tries!\n" > # end > --- > > Thanks, > Jim > > -- > Please avoid sending me Word or PowerPoint attachments. > See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Jesus is coming!................................................Rev. 1:7 The Bottom Line................................................John 3:3-7 From carroll at tjc.com Fri Oct 5 07:38:58 2007 From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:38:58 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] random number generator In-Reply-To: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: On Thu, 4 Oct 2007, Jim Hutchinson wrote: > Any idea what I'm doing wrong? > while (guess != number): This is your problem. Like all^h^h^h most numbers in computing, floating point numbers are stored in binary. They only approximate the decimal values they print out as. Two numbers can print as the same value but actually have different values. If you want to see if the numbers are identical to 10 decimal places, use this instead: while (abs(guess-number) > 0.0000000001): From carroll at tjc.com Fri Oct 5 07:41:32 2007 From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll) Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:41:32 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [Tutor] random number generator In-Reply-To: <901b226d0710042112h70fc8cew705ff10a5002e3c8@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: On Thu, 4 Oct 2007, Jerry VanBrimmer wrote: > I'm no Python wizard, I'm still learning myself. But I think you need > another "if" statement to check if "guess" is equal to "number". > > if guess == number: > print "Congratulations!" No, he's got the equivalent function in his while statement: while (guess != number): The idea is to stay in the loop as long as they're UNequal, and then drop out to the "Congratulations" part. But comparing floats as equal or not equal is never a very robust idea. http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general/#why-are-floating-point-calculations-so-inaccurate From aijames at exemail.com.au Fri Oct 5 07:47:13 2007 From: aijames at exemail.com.au (Andrew James) Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2007 15:47:13 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] random number generator In-Reply-To: <4705CB4F.3070600@exemail.com.au> References: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> <901b226d0710042112h70fc8cew705ff10a5002e3c8@mail.gmail.com> <4705CB4F.3070600@exemail.com.au> Message-ID: <4705CFE1.8060903@exemail.com.au> I need to start using the reply all button... Andrew James wrote: > while guess != number: > guess = float(raw_input("Make another guess: ")) > if guess > number: > print "Lower..." > elif guess < number: > print "Higher..." > tries += 1 > > You're asking people to change their choice before the while loop > ends. Now this looks a little ugly as it will be asking people to make > two guesses right off the bat, or it'll use the term "another" for > their first guess. Shouldn't be too hard to change. Or do this. > > while guess != number: > if guess > number: > print "Lower..." > elif guess < number: > print "Higher..." > tries += 1 > if guess != number: > guess = float(raw_input("Make another guess: ")) > > > > > Jerry VanBrimmer wrote: >> I'm no Python wizard, I'm still learning myself. But I think you need >> another "if" statement to check if "guess" is equal to "number". >> >> if guess == number: >> print "Congratulations!" >> >> >> Something like that. >> >> >> >> On 10/4/07, Jim Hutchinson wrote: >> >>> Hello, >>> >>> I am writing a little program to test a theory and as part of teaching >>> myself Python. I've only been at this about a week now. I have a >>> program that "should" work but doesn't. It generates a random number >>> between 1 and 2 out to 10 decimal places. I think there is something >>> wrong with how my random number is generated or defined or how my >>> guesses are defined. I added a line to tell me what the random number >>> is and then if I enter it as a guess it doesn't match and exit the >>> loop. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Here is a sample output: >>> >>> --- >>> I'm thinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck. >>> >>> 1.14981949962 >>> Make a guess: 1.14981949962 >>> Higher... >>> Make another guess: 1.14981949963 >>> Lower... >>> 1.14981949963 >>> Make another guess: >>> --- >>> >>> Here is my code: >>> >>> --- >>> # Number guessing game >>> # >>> # The computer will choose a number between 1 and 2 (to ten decimal >>> places) >>> # and the player will try to guess the number. The program will tell >>> the >>> # player the number is either higher or lower than the number they >>> guessed. >>> import random >>> import os >>> os.system("clear") >>> print "\nWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!" >>> print "\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 2." >>> print "\nYes, that's right. Between 1 and 2." >>> print "\nYou have heard of decimals right? Well, I'm" >>> print "\nthinking out to 10 decimal places. Good luck.\n" >>> # set random value >>> random.seed() >>> number = random.random() + 1 >>> print number >>> guess = float(raw_input("Make a guess: ")) >>> tries = 1 >>> # the guess loop >>> while (guess != number): >>> if (guess > number): >>> print "Lower..." >>> else: >>> print "Higher..." >>> guess = float(raw_input("Make another guess: ")) >>> tries += 1 >>> print "Congratulations! You guessed my number! The number was", number >>> print "It took you only", tries, "tries!\n" >>> # end >>> --- >>> >>> Thanks, >>> Jim >>> >>> -- >>> Please avoid sending me Word or PowerPoint attachments. >>> See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html >>> _______________________________________________ >>> Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org >>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >>> >>> >> >> >> > From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 5 09:17:37 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 08:17:37 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com>

Message-ID: "Andre Walker-Loud" wrote > this module.class - if someone with more experience would feel > inclined to provide an example, I would be very much appreciative. The subprocess module documentation has several examples of using both the Popen class and the call function. The given example for os.system is: sts = os.system("mycmd" + " myarg") ==> p = Popen("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True) sts = os.waitpid(p.pid, 0)To which you would need to add cwd=path making it:p = Popen("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True, cwd=path) sts = os.waitpid(p.pid, 0)The other difference using Popen is that it raises an OSError exception if the program fails to run so you should wrap the calls in a try/except if you want to catch that.HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/attachments/20071005/249f2f2a/attachment.htm From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 5 09:33:06 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 08:33:06 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] random number generator References: <11e0aa300710041607m651c44a2r1874b4a885ccff50@mail.gmail.com> Message-ID: "Jim Hutchinson" wrote > program that "should" work but doesn't. It generates a random number > between 1 and 2 out to 10 decimal places. Ok, Here's the problem. You are trying to compare two floating point numbers. But python stores data in binary and displays it in decimal. A lot of decimal numbers cannot be exactly represented in binary so what you see displayed is an approximation of the actual number stored in memory. > while (guess != number): So when you try to compare the number you entered with the number stored in memory they are not quite the same. The normal way of dealing with this in programs is to define a very small number (often called epsilon or e) and check if your guess is plus or minus e from the target. So your code would become e = 0.0000000001 while not( guess - e < number < guess + e ): # ...your code here I briefly mention this in the Raw Materials topic of my tutor when discussing Real numbers HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 5 09:46:52 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 08:46:52 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] another quickie References: Message-ID: "max baseman" wrote > do is open a text file, write to it, than save it. so far i have a > GUI with the ability to right text (nothing amazing), but i don't > know how to have it display the text from a text file any help would > be great > > from Tkinter import * > top=Tk() > F=Frame(top) > F.pack() > F.txtBox=Text(top) > F.txtBox.pack() > F.pack() Ok This gets you the basic text box. Now you need to open the file, read it into a variable and insert that into the text box. I assume you already know how to open the file and read it into a variable. (If not see File handling in my tutorial) To insert it into the text box use the insert method as shown in my case study: self.txtBox.insert(END, resultStr) If you want to insert it at a specific location(like the start) you can replace END with 1.0 as also shown in the case study for deleting the content: self.txtBox.delete(1.0, END) Did you check the Tkinter reference link: http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x8309-patterns.htm It shows how to manipulate the contents of the Text widget in various ways. Including inserting text. PS. If you don't want to hard code the file name you can use a Tkinter FileOpen standard dialog to get the filename(and path) from the user prior to opening it. http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x1164-data-entry.htm To save your changes use the filesaveas dialog to get the target filename(optional) and then Text.select to get the text out of the widget and then the usual Python file methods to write the text out to file. All the information you need should be in the links in this message. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Fri Oct 5 10:36:46 2007 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 09:36:46 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] using python to execute from Dir A in Dir B References: <316C4B5E-3122-4BD7-8D0B-C8299D61AB03@gmail.com>