Mailman 3 April 2022 - Python-checkins

bpo-45790: List macros in same order in which fields are described (GH-29529)
by JelleZijlstra April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/b275267aa7d44ec90fa435c9cb1610c549… commit: b275267aa7d44ec90fa435c9cb1610c549da745a branch: main author: rtobar <rtobar(a)icrar.org> committer: JelleZijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:36:33-07:00 summary: bpo-45790: List macros in same order in which fields are described (GH-29529) Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Tobar <rtobar(a)icrar.org> Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> files: A Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2021-11-12-11-03-55.bpo-45790.6yuhe8.rst M Doc/extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst diff --git a/Doc/extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst b/Doc/extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst index 530e2c4d35f84..904915306f1f3 100644 --- a/Doc/extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst +++ b/Doc/extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst @@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ The first bit is:: This is what a Custom object will contain. ``PyObject_HEAD`` is mandatory at the start of each object struct and defines a field called ``ob_base`` of type :c:type:`PyObject`, containing a pointer to a type object and a -reference count (these can be accessed using the macros :c:macro:`Py_REFCNT` -and :c:macro:`Py_TYPE` respectively). The reason for the macro is to +reference count (these can be accessed using the macros :c:macro:`Py_TYPE` +and :c:macro:`Py_REFCNT` respectively). The reason for the macro is to abstract away the layout and to enable additional fields in :ref:`debug builds <debug-build>`. diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2021-11-12-11-03-55.bpo-45790.6yuhe8.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2021-11-12-11-03-55.bpo-45790.6yuhe8.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..41cf2cb91525f --- /dev/null +++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2021-11-12-11-03-55.bpo-45790.6yuhe8.rst @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Adjust inaccurate phrasing in :doc:`../extending/newtypes_tutorial` about the +``ob_base`` field and the macros used to access its contents.

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bpo-46998: Allow subclassing Any at runtime (GH-31841)
by JelleZijlstra April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/5a4973e29f2f5c4ee8c086f40325786c62… commit: 5a4973e29f2f5c4ee8c086f40325786c62381540 branch: main author: Shantanu <12621235+hauntsaninja(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: JelleZijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:35:29-07:00 summary: bpo-46998: Allow subclassing Any at runtime (GH-31841) Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> files: A Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-03-13-08-52-58.bpo-46998.cHh-9O.rst M Doc/library/typing.rst M Lib/test/test_functools.py M Lib/test/test_pydoc.py M Lib/test/test_typing.py M Lib/typing.py diff --git a/Doc/library/typing.rst b/Doc/library/typing.rst index 37c17c429fa47..0a4e848c67736 100644 --- a/Doc/library/typing.rst +++ b/Doc/library/typing.rst @@ -580,6 +580,11 @@ These can be used as types in annotations and do not support ``[]``. * Every type is compatible with :data:`Any`. * :data:`Any` is compatible with every type. + .. versionchanged:: 3.11 + :data:`Any` can now be used as a base class. This can be useful for + avoiding type checker errors with classes that can duck type anywhere or + are highly dynamic. + .. data:: Never The `bottom type <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom_type>`_, diff --git a/Lib/test/test_functools.py b/Lib/test/test_functools.py index abbd50a47f395..82e73f46a3fba 100644 --- a/Lib/test/test_functools.py +++ b/Lib/test/test_functools.py @@ -2802,8 +2802,6 @@ def f(arg): f.register(list[int] | str, lambda arg: "types.UnionTypes(types.GenericAlias)") with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Invalid first argument to "): f.register(typing.List[float] | bytes, lambda arg: "typing.Union[typing.GenericAlias]") - with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Invalid first argument to "): - f.register(typing.Any, lambda arg: "typing.Any") self.assertEqual(f([1]), "default") self.assertEqual(f([1.0]), "default") @@ -2823,8 +2821,6 @@ def f(arg): f.register(list[int] | str) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Invalid first argument to "): f.register(typing.List[int] | str) - with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Invalid first argument to "): - f.register(typing.Any) def test_register_genericalias_annotation(self): @functools.singledispatch @@ -2847,10 +2843,6 @@ def _(arg: list[int] | str): @f.register def _(arg: typing.List[float] | bytes): return "typing.Union[typing.GenericAlias]" - with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Invalid annotation for 'arg'"): - @f.register - def _(arg: typing.Any): - return "typing.Any" self.assertEqual(f([1]), "default") self.assertEqual(f([1.0]), "default") diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pydoc.py b/Lib/test/test_pydoc.py index 9c900c3e8ee0a..13c77b6fa6822 100644 --- a/Lib/test/test_pydoc.py +++ b/Lib/test/test_pydoc.py @@ -1066,14 +1066,14 @@ def test_union_type(self): self.assertIn(types.UnionType.__doc__.strip().splitlines()[0], doc) def test_special_form(self): - self.assertEqual(pydoc.describe(typing.Any), '_SpecialForm') - doc = pydoc.render_doc(typing.Any, renderer=pydoc.plaintext) + self.assertEqual(pydoc.describe(typing.NoReturn), '_SpecialForm') + doc = pydoc.render_doc(typing.NoReturn, renderer=pydoc.plaintext) self.assertIn('_SpecialForm in module typing', doc) - if typing.Any.__doc__: - self.assertIn('Any = typing.Any', doc) - self.assertIn(typing.Any.__doc__.strip().splitlines()[0], doc) + if typing.NoReturn.__doc__: + self.assertIn('NoReturn = typing.NoReturn', doc) + self.assertIn(typing.NoReturn.__doc__.strip().splitlines()[0], doc) else: - self.assertIn('Any = class _SpecialForm(_Final)', doc) + self.assertIn('NoReturn = class _SpecialForm(_Final)', doc) def test_typing_pydoc(self): def foo(data: typing.List[typing.Any], diff --git a/Lib/test/test_typing.py b/Lib/test/test_typing.py index 0e28655296d14..041b6ad9ed6dd 100644 --- a/Lib/test/test_typing.py +++ b/Lib/test/test_typing.py @@ -89,12 +89,6 @@ def test_any_instance_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, Any) - def test_any_subclass_type_error(self): - with self.assertRaises(TypeError): - issubclass(Employee, Any) - with self.assertRaises(TypeError): - issubclass(Any, Employee) - def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Any), 'typing.Any') @@ -104,13 +98,21 @@ def test_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Any[int] # Any is not a generic type. - def test_cannot_subclass(self): - with self.assertRaises(TypeError): - class A(Any): - pass - with self.assertRaises(TypeError): - class A(type(Any)): - pass + def test_can_subclass(self): + class Mock(Any): pass + self.assertTrue(issubclass(Mock, Any)) + self.assertIsInstance(Mock(), Mock) + + class Something: pass + self.assertFalse(issubclass(Something, Any)) + self.assertNotIsInstance(Something(), Mock) + + class MockSomething(Something, Mock): pass + self.assertTrue(issubclass(MockSomething, Any)) + ms = MockSomething() + self.assertIsInstance(ms, MockSomething) + self.assertIsInstance(ms, Something) + self.assertIsInstance(ms, Mock) def test_cannot_instantiate(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): diff --git a/Lib/typing.py b/Lib/typing.py index 36f9eceb38c7c..4636798bd6956 100644 --- a/Lib/typing.py +++ b/Lib/typing.py @@ -429,8 +429,17 @@ def __getitem__(self, parameters): return self._getitem(self, *parameters) -@_SpecialForm -def Any(self, parameters): +class _AnyMeta(type): + def __instancecheck__(self, obj): + if self is Any: + raise TypeError("typing.Any cannot be used with isinstance()") + return super().__instancecheck__(obj) + + def __repr__(self): + return "typing.Any" + + +class Any(metaclass=_AnyMeta): """Special type indicating an unconstrained type. - Any is compatible with every type. @@ -439,9 +448,13 @@ def Any(self, parameters): Note that all the above statements are true from the point of view of static type checkers. At runtime, Any should not be used with instance - or class checks. + checks. """ - raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable") + def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs): + if cls is Any: + raise TypeError("Any cannot be instantiated") + return super().__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs) + @_SpecialForm def NoReturn(self, parameters): diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-03-13-08-52-58.bpo-46998.cHh-9O.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-03-13-08-52-58.bpo-46998.cHh-9O.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..25b82b5370846 --- /dev/null +++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-03-13-08-52-58.bpo-46998.cHh-9O.rst @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Allow subclassing of :class:`typing.Any`. Patch by Shantanu Jain.

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bpo-47007: [doc] `str` special method lookup (GH-31863)
by JelleZijlstra April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/bb86d1d9fbd1888524e04475383f4ea764… commit: bb86d1d9fbd1888524e04475383f4ea764277f67 branch: main author: Vanshaj Singhania <8797467+itsvs(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: JelleZijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:34:28-07:00 summary: bpo-47007: [doc] `str` special method lookup (GH-31863) Clarify the `str()` docs to point out that `object.__str__()` follows special method lookup. Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> files: M Doc/library/stdtypes.rst diff --git a/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst b/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst index cdc4dad067814..6608b7b60ec50 100644 --- a/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst +++ b/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst @@ -1517,7 +1517,8 @@ multiple fragments. depends on whether *encoding* or *errors* is given, as follows. If neither *encoding* nor *errors* is given, ``str(object)`` returns - :meth:`object.__str__() <object.__str__>`, which is the "informal" or nicely + :meth:`type(object).__str__(object) <object.__str__>`, + which is the "informal" or nicely printable string representation of *object*. For string objects, this is the string itself. If *object* does not have a :meth:`~object.__str__` method, then :func:`str` falls back to returning

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bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380)
by miss-islington April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/e47e6ffed36eb1dd82da3bcadf8b45b894… commit: e47e6ffed36eb1dd82da3bcadf8b45b894ef4ce2 branch: 3.9 author: Miss Islington (bot) <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: miss-islington <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:30:25-07:00 summary: bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380) Co-authored-by: Andrew Kuchling <amk(a)amk.ca> Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> (cherry picked from commit a74892cb2168d249d9a8c53fad605a5def9b41d4) Co-authored-by: yyyyyyyan <24644216+yyyyyyyan(a)users.noreply.github.com> files: A Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst M Doc/library/errno.rst M Doc/library/exceptions.rst M Misc/ACKS diff --git a/Doc/library/errno.rst b/Doc/library/errno.rst index 1cbd51c582c0c..c87da091bf84f 100644 --- a/Doc/library/errno.rst +++ b/Doc/library/errno.rst @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This module makes available standard ``errno`` system symbols. The value of each symbol is the corresponding integer value. The names and descriptions are -borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be pretty +borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be all-inclusive. @@ -27,25 +27,26 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPERM - Operation not permitted + Operation not permitted. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: ENOENT - No such file or directory + No such file or directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileNotFoundError`. .. data:: ESRCH - No such process + No such process. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ProcessLookupError`. .. data:: EINTR - Interrupted system call. - - .. seealso:: - This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`InterruptedError`. + Interrupted system call. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`InterruptedError`. .. data:: EIO @@ -75,12 +76,13 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECHILD - No child processes + No child processes. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ChildProcessError`. .. data:: EAGAIN - Try again + Try again. This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMEM @@ -90,7 +92,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EACCES - Permission denied + Permission denied. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: EFAULT @@ -110,7 +113,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EEXIST - File exists + File exists. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileExistsError`. .. data:: EXDEV @@ -125,12 +129,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ENOTDIR - Not a directory + Not a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`NotADirectoryError`. .. data:: EISDIR - Is a directory + Is a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`IsADirectoryError`. .. data:: EINVAL @@ -185,7 +191,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPIPE - Broken pipe + Broken pipe. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: EDOM @@ -230,7 +237,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EWOULDBLOCK - Operation would block + Operation would block. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMSG @@ -540,12 +548,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECONNABORTED - Software caused connection abort + Software caused connection abort. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`ConnectionAbortedError`. .. data:: ECONNRESET - Connection reset by peer + Connection reset by peer. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionResetError`. .. data:: ENOBUFS @@ -565,7 +575,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ESHUTDOWN - Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown + Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown. This error is mapped + to the exception :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: ETOOMANYREFS @@ -575,12 +586,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ETIMEDOUT - Connection timed out + Connection timed out. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`TimeoutError`. .. data:: ECONNREFUSED - Connection refused + Connection refused. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionRefusedError`. .. data:: EHOSTDOWN @@ -595,12 +608,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EALREADY - Operation already in progress + Operation already in progress. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: EINPROGRESS - Operation now in progress + Operation now in progress. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ESTALE diff --git a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst index 688eeb31b2ab0..b6a5df8775dbd 100644 --- a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst +++ b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst @@ -613,8 +613,8 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when an operation would block on an object (e.g. socket) set for non-blocking operation. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EAGAIN``, ``EALREADY``, - ``EWOULDBLOCK`` and ``EINPROGRESS``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EAGAIN`, :py:data:`~errno.EALREADY`, + :py:data:`~errno.EWOULDBLOCK` and :py:data:`~errno.EINPROGRESS`. In addition to those of :exc:`OSError`, :exc:`BlockingIOError` can have one more attribute: @@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ depending on the system error code. .. exception:: ChildProcessError Raised when an operation on a child process failed. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECHILD``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECHILD`. .. exception:: ConnectionError @@ -642,35 +642,35 @@ depending on the system error code. A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when trying to write on a pipe while the other end has been closed, or trying to write on a socket which has been shutdown for writing. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EPIPE`` and ``ESHUTDOWN``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EPIPE` and :py:data:`~errno.ESHUTDOWN`. .. exception:: ConnectionAbortedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is aborted by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNABORTED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNABORTED`. .. exception:: ConnectionRefusedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is refused by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNREFUSED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNREFUSED`. .. exception:: ConnectionResetError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection is reset by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNRESET``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNRESET`. .. exception:: FileExistsError Raised when trying to create a file or directory which already exists. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EEXIST``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EEXIST`. .. exception:: FileNotFoundError Raised when a file or directory is requested but doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOENT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOENT`. .. exception:: InterruptedError @@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when a file operation (such as :func:`os.remove`) is requested on a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EISDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EISDIR`. .. exception:: NotADirectoryError @@ -694,23 +694,23 @@ depending on the system error code. something which is not a directory. On most POSIX platforms, it may also be raised if an operation attempts to open or traverse a non-directory file as if it were a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOTDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOTDIR`. .. exception:: PermissionError Raised when trying to run an operation without the adequate access rights - for example filesystem permissions. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EACCES`` and ``EPERM``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EACCES` and :py:data:`~errno.EPERM`. .. exception:: ProcessLookupError Raised when a given process doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ESRCH``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ESRCH`. .. exception:: TimeoutError Raised when a system function timed out at the system level. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ETIMEDOUT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ETIMEDOUT`. .. versionadded:: 3.3 All the above :exc:`OSError` subclasses were added. diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS index d8bb5e465015d..d6b9650f642a9 100644 --- a/Misc/ACKS +++ b/Misc/ACKS @@ -1269,6 +1269,7 @@ Ethan Onstott Piet van Oostrum Tomas Oppelstrup Jason Orendorff +Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes Bastien Orivel orlnub123 Douglas Orr diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..ea0643aa00ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Link the errnos referenced in ``Doc/library/exceptions.rst`` to their respective section in ``Doc/library/errno.rst``, and vice versa. Previously this was only done for EINTR and InterruptedError. Patch by Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes.

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bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380)
by miss-islington April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/3fa800d7a7a405f51e0e8c9b7dac2f2a75… commit: 3fa800d7a7a405f51e0e8c9b7dac2f2a75c17bb4 branch: 3.10 author: Miss Islington (bot) <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: miss-islington <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:30:06-07:00 summary: bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380) Co-authored-by: Andrew Kuchling <amk(a)amk.ca> Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> (cherry picked from commit a74892cb2168d249d9a8c53fad605a5def9b41d4) Co-authored-by: yyyyyyyan <24644216+yyyyyyyan(a)users.noreply.github.com> files: A Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst M Doc/library/errno.rst M Doc/library/exceptions.rst M Misc/ACKS diff --git a/Doc/library/errno.rst b/Doc/library/errno.rst index 1cbd51c582c0c..c87da091bf84f 100644 --- a/Doc/library/errno.rst +++ b/Doc/library/errno.rst @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This module makes available standard ``errno`` system symbols. The value of each symbol is the corresponding integer value. The names and descriptions are -borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be pretty +borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be all-inclusive. @@ -27,25 +27,26 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPERM - Operation not permitted + Operation not permitted. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: ENOENT - No such file or directory + No such file or directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileNotFoundError`. .. data:: ESRCH - No such process + No such process. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ProcessLookupError`. .. data:: EINTR - Interrupted system call. - - .. seealso:: - This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`InterruptedError`. + Interrupted system call. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`InterruptedError`. .. data:: EIO @@ -75,12 +76,13 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECHILD - No child processes + No child processes. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ChildProcessError`. .. data:: EAGAIN - Try again + Try again. This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMEM @@ -90,7 +92,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EACCES - Permission denied + Permission denied. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: EFAULT @@ -110,7 +113,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EEXIST - File exists + File exists. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileExistsError`. .. data:: EXDEV @@ -125,12 +129,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ENOTDIR - Not a directory + Not a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`NotADirectoryError`. .. data:: EISDIR - Is a directory + Is a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`IsADirectoryError`. .. data:: EINVAL @@ -185,7 +191,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPIPE - Broken pipe + Broken pipe. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: EDOM @@ -230,7 +237,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EWOULDBLOCK - Operation would block + Operation would block. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMSG @@ -540,12 +548,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECONNABORTED - Software caused connection abort + Software caused connection abort. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`ConnectionAbortedError`. .. data:: ECONNRESET - Connection reset by peer + Connection reset by peer. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionResetError`. .. data:: ENOBUFS @@ -565,7 +575,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ESHUTDOWN - Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown + Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown. This error is mapped + to the exception :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: ETOOMANYREFS @@ -575,12 +586,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ETIMEDOUT - Connection timed out + Connection timed out. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`TimeoutError`. .. data:: ECONNREFUSED - Connection refused + Connection refused. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionRefusedError`. .. data:: EHOSTDOWN @@ -595,12 +608,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EALREADY - Operation already in progress + Operation already in progress. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: EINPROGRESS - Operation now in progress + Operation now in progress. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ESTALE diff --git a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst index 50a3ff3452c99..9a3c92554df63 100644 --- a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst +++ b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst @@ -644,8 +644,8 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when an operation would block on an object (e.g. socket) set for non-blocking operation. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EAGAIN``, ``EALREADY``, - ``EWOULDBLOCK`` and ``EINPROGRESS``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EAGAIN`, :py:data:`~errno.EALREADY`, + :py:data:`~errno.EWOULDBLOCK` and :py:data:`~errno.EINPROGRESS`. In addition to those of :exc:`OSError`, :exc:`BlockingIOError` can have one more attribute: @@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ depending on the system error code. .. exception:: ChildProcessError Raised when an operation on a child process failed. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECHILD``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECHILD`. .. exception:: ConnectionError @@ -673,35 +673,35 @@ depending on the system error code. A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when trying to write on a pipe while the other end has been closed, or trying to write on a socket which has been shutdown for writing. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EPIPE`` and ``ESHUTDOWN``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EPIPE` and :py:data:`~errno.ESHUTDOWN`. .. exception:: ConnectionAbortedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is aborted by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNABORTED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNABORTED`. .. exception:: ConnectionRefusedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is refused by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNREFUSED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNREFUSED`. .. exception:: ConnectionResetError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection is reset by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNRESET``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNRESET`. .. exception:: FileExistsError Raised when trying to create a file or directory which already exists. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EEXIST``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EEXIST`. .. exception:: FileNotFoundError Raised when a file or directory is requested but doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOENT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOENT`. .. exception:: InterruptedError @@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when a file operation (such as :func:`os.remove`) is requested on a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EISDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EISDIR`. .. exception:: NotADirectoryError @@ -725,23 +725,23 @@ depending on the system error code. something which is not a directory. On most POSIX platforms, it may also be raised if an operation attempts to open or traverse a non-directory file as if it were a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOTDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOTDIR`. .. exception:: PermissionError Raised when trying to run an operation without the adequate access rights - for example filesystem permissions. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EACCES`` and ``EPERM``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EACCES` and :py:data:`~errno.EPERM`. .. exception:: ProcessLookupError Raised when a given process doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ESRCH``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ESRCH`. .. exception:: TimeoutError Raised when a system function timed out at the system level. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ETIMEDOUT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ETIMEDOUT`. .. versionadded:: 3.3 All the above :exc:`OSError` subclasses were added. diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS index ab4a037d298b5..c6abfac531cbe 100644 --- a/Misc/ACKS +++ b/Misc/ACKS @@ -1291,6 +1291,7 @@ Ken Jin Ooi Piet van Oostrum Tomas Oppelstrup Jason Orendorff +Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes Bastien Orivel orlnub123 Douglas Orr diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..ea0643aa00ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Link the errnos referenced in ``Doc/library/exceptions.rst`` to their respective section in ``Doc/library/errno.rst``, and vice versa. Previously this was only done for EINTR and InterruptedError. Patch by Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes.

1 0

bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380)
by JelleZijlstra April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/a74892cb2168d249d9a8c53fad605a5def… commit: a74892cb2168d249d9a8c53fad605a5def9b41d4 branch: main author: yyyyyyyan <24644216+yyyyyyyan(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: JelleZijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> date: 2022-04-04T19:01:36-07:00 summary: bpo-41233: Add links to errnos referenced in exceptions docs (GH-21380) Co-authored-by: Andrew Kuchling <amk(a)amk.ca> Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> files: A Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst M Doc/library/errno.rst M Doc/library/exceptions.rst M Misc/ACKS diff --git a/Doc/library/errno.rst b/Doc/library/errno.rst index 93bdb6ca9b8e3..035340e256874 100644 --- a/Doc/library/errno.rst +++ b/Doc/library/errno.rst @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This module makes available standard ``errno`` system symbols. The value of each symbol is the corresponding integer value. The names and descriptions are -borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be pretty +borrowed from :file:`linux/include/errno.h`, which should be all-inclusive. @@ -27,25 +27,26 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPERM - Operation not permitted + Operation not permitted. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: ENOENT - No such file or directory + No such file or directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileNotFoundError`. .. data:: ESRCH - No such process + No such process. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ProcessLookupError`. .. data:: EINTR - Interrupted system call. - - .. seealso:: - This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`InterruptedError`. + Interrupted system call. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`InterruptedError`. .. data:: EIO @@ -75,12 +76,13 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECHILD - No child processes + No child processes. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ChildProcessError`. .. data:: EAGAIN - Try again + Try again. This error is mapped to the exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMEM @@ -90,7 +92,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EACCES - Permission denied + Permission denied. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`PermissionError`. .. data:: EFAULT @@ -110,7 +113,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EEXIST - File exists + File exists. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`FileExistsError`. .. data:: EXDEV @@ -125,12 +129,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ENOTDIR - Not a directory + Not a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`NotADirectoryError`. .. data:: EISDIR - Is a directory + Is a directory. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`IsADirectoryError`. .. data:: EINVAL @@ -185,7 +191,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EPIPE - Broken pipe + Broken pipe. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: EDOM @@ -230,7 +237,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EWOULDBLOCK - Operation would block + Operation would block. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ENOMSG @@ -540,12 +548,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ECONNABORTED - Software caused connection abort + Software caused connection abort. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`ConnectionAbortedError`. .. data:: ECONNRESET - Connection reset by peer + Connection reset by peer. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionResetError`. .. data:: ENOBUFS @@ -565,7 +575,8 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ESHUTDOWN - Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown + Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown. This error is mapped + to the exception :exc:`BrokenPipeError`. .. data:: ETOOMANYREFS @@ -575,12 +586,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: ETIMEDOUT - Connection timed out + Connection timed out. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`TimeoutError`. .. data:: ECONNREFUSED - Connection refused + Connection refused. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`ConnectionRefusedError`. .. data:: EHOSTDOWN @@ -595,12 +608,14 @@ defined by the module. The specific list of defined symbols is available as .. data:: EALREADY - Operation already in progress + Operation already in progress. This error is mapped to the + exception :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: EINPROGRESS - Operation now in progress + Operation now in progress. This error is mapped to the exception + :exc:`BlockingIOError`. .. data:: ESTALE diff --git a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst index 9e001c8dcd757..137566e079d20 100644 --- a/Doc/library/exceptions.rst +++ b/Doc/library/exceptions.rst @@ -652,8 +652,8 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when an operation would block on an object (e.g. socket) set for non-blocking operation. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EAGAIN``, ``EALREADY``, - ``EWOULDBLOCK`` and ``EINPROGRESS``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EAGAIN`, :py:data:`~errno.EALREADY`, + :py:data:`~errno.EWOULDBLOCK` and :py:data:`~errno.EINPROGRESS`. In addition to those of :exc:`OSError`, :exc:`BlockingIOError` can have one more attribute: @@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ depending on the system error code. .. exception:: ChildProcessError Raised when an operation on a child process failed. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECHILD``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECHILD`. .. exception:: ConnectionError @@ -681,35 +681,35 @@ depending on the system error code. A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when trying to write on a pipe while the other end has been closed, or trying to write on a socket which has been shutdown for writing. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EPIPE`` and ``ESHUTDOWN``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EPIPE` and :py:data:`~errno.ESHUTDOWN`. .. exception:: ConnectionAbortedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is aborted by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNABORTED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNABORTED`. .. exception:: ConnectionRefusedError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection attempt is refused by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNREFUSED``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNREFUSED`. .. exception:: ConnectionResetError A subclass of :exc:`ConnectionError`, raised when a connection is reset by the peer. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ECONNRESET``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ECONNRESET`. .. exception:: FileExistsError Raised when trying to create a file or directory which already exists. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EEXIST``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EEXIST`. .. exception:: FileNotFoundError Raised when a file or directory is requested but doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOENT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOENT`. .. exception:: InterruptedError @@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ depending on the system error code. Raised when a file operation (such as :func:`os.remove`) is requested on a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EISDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EISDIR`. .. exception:: NotADirectoryError @@ -733,23 +733,23 @@ depending on the system error code. something which is not a directory. On most POSIX platforms, it may also be raised if an operation attempts to open or traverse a non-directory file as if it were a directory. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ENOTDIR``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ENOTDIR`. .. exception:: PermissionError Raised when trying to run an operation without the adequate access rights - for example filesystem permissions. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``EACCES`` and ``EPERM``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.EACCES` and :py:data:`~errno.EPERM`. .. exception:: ProcessLookupError Raised when a given process doesn't exist. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ESRCH``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ESRCH`. .. exception:: TimeoutError Raised when a system function timed out at the system level. - Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` ``ETIMEDOUT``. + Corresponds to :c:data:`errno` :py:data:`~errno.ETIMEDOUT`. .. versionadded:: 3.3 All the above :exc:`OSError` subclasses were added. diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS index 33e1c4c492983..5e66a2e757adf 100644 --- a/Misc/ACKS +++ b/Misc/ACKS @@ -1298,6 +1298,7 @@ Ken Jin Ooi Piet van Oostrum Tomas Oppelstrup Jason Orendorff +Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes Bastien Orivel orlnub123 Douglas Orr diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..ea0643aa00ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Documentation/2020-07-07-22-54-51.bpo-41233.lyUJ8L.rst @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Link the errnos referenced in ``Doc/library/exceptions.rst`` to their respective section in ``Doc/library/errno.rst``, and vice versa. Previously this was only done for EINTR and InterruptedError. Patch by Yan "yyyyyyyan" Orestes.

1 0

Fix "Contributed ... in bpo-bpo-45847" (GH-32299)
by ned-deily April 5, 2022

April 5, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/5a7506de7374c10e6eb9ae5a232cc88d4d… commit: 5a7506de7374c10e6eb9ae5a232cc88d4d588450 branch: main author: Oleg Iarygin <oleg(a)arhadthedev.net> committer: ned-deily <nad(a)python.org> date: 2022-04-04T21:17:54-04:00 summary: Fix "Contributed ... in bpo-bpo-45847" (GH-32299) files: M Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst index 809cbd556c8c7..c607aadb4457c 100644 --- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst +++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst @@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ Build Changes libsqlite3, zlib, bzip2, liblzma, libcrypt, Tcl/Tk libs, and uuid flags are detected by ``pkg-config`` (when available). (Contributed by Christian Heimes and Erlend Egeberg Aasland in - :issue:`bpo-45847`, :issue:`45747`, and :issue:`45763`.) + :issue:`45847`, :issue:`45747`, and :issue:`45763`.) .. note:: Use the environment variables ``TCLTK_CFLAGS`` and ``TCLTK_LIBS`` to

1 0

bpo-47097: Add documentation for TypeVarTuple (#32103)
by JelleZijlstra April 4, 2022

April 4, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/38ae5b8c0c0b64ae6100b0dee8707d5ab7… commit: 38ae5b8c0c0b64ae6100b0dee8707d5ab769e381 branch: main author: Matthew Rahtz <matthew.rahtz(a)gmail.com> committer: JelleZijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> date: 2022-04-04T16:37:01-07:00 summary: bpo-47097: Add documentation for TypeVarTuple (#32103) Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood(a)Gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Jelle Zijlstra <jelle.zijlstra(a)gmail.com> files: M Doc/library/typing.rst diff --git a/Doc/library/typing.rst b/Doc/library/typing.rst index 4d833dc497f17..37c17c429fa47 100644 --- a/Doc/library/typing.rst +++ b/Doc/library/typing.rst @@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ annotations. These include: *Introducing* :class:`ParamSpec` and :data:`Concatenate` * :pep:`613`: Explicit Type Aliases *Introducing* :data:`TypeAlias` +* :pep:`646`: Variadic Generics + *Introducing* :data:`TypeVarTuple` * :pep:`647`: User-Defined Type Guards *Introducing* :data:`TypeGuard` * :pep:`673`: Self type @@ -1230,6 +1232,123 @@ These are not used in annotations. They are building blocks for creating generic ``covariant=True`` or ``contravariant=True``. See :pep:`484` for more details. By default, type variables are invariant. +.. class:: TypeVarTuple + + Type variable tuple. A specialized form of :class:`Type variable <TypeVar>` + that enables *variadic* generics. + + A normal type variable enables parameterization with a single type. A type + variable tuple, in contrast, allows parameterization with an + *arbitrary* number of types by acting like an *arbitrary* number of type + variables wrapped in a tuple. For example:: + + T = TypeVar('T') + Ts = TypeVarTuple('Ts') + + def remove_first_element(tup: tuple[T, *Ts]) -> tuple[*Ts]: + return tup[1:] + + # T is bound to int, Ts is bound to () + # Return value is (), which has type tuple[()] + remove_first_element(tup=(1,)) + + # T is bound to int, Ts is bound to (str,) + # Return value is ('spam',), which has type tuple[str] + remove_first_element(tup=(1, 'spam')) + + # T is bound to int, Ts is bound to (str, float) + # Return value is ('spam', 3.0), which has type tuple[str, float] + remove_first_element(tup=(1, 'spam', 3.0)) + + Note the use of the unpacking operator ``*`` in ``tuple[T, *Ts]``. + Conceptually, you can think of ``Ts`` as a tuple of type variables + ``(T1, T2, ...)``. ``tuple[T, *Ts]`` would then become + ``tuple[T, *(T1, T2, ...)]``, which is equivalent to + ``tuple[T, T1, T2, ...]``. (Note that in older versions of Python, you might + see this written using :data:`Unpack <Unpack>` instead, as + ``Unpack[Ts]``.) + + Type variable tuples must *always* be unpacked. This helps distinguish type + variable types from normal type variables:: + + x: Ts # Not valid + x: tuple[Ts] # Not valid + x: tuple[*Ts] # The correct way to to do it + + Type variable tuples can be used in the same contexts as normal type + variables. For example, in class definitions, arguments, and return types:: + + Shape = TypeVarTuple('Shape') + class Array(Generic[*Shape]): + def __getitem__(self, key: tuple[*Shape]) -> float: ... + def __abs__(self) -> Array[*Shape]: ... + def get_shape(self) -> tuple[*Shape]: ... + + Type variable tuples can be happily combined with normal type variables:: + + DType = TypeVar('DType') + + class Array(Generic[DType, *Shape]): # This is fine + pass + + class Array2(Generic[*Shape, DType]): # This would also be fine + pass + + float_array_1d: Array[float, Height] = Array() # Totally fine + int_array_2d: Array[int, Height, Width] = Array() # Yup, fine too + + However, note that at most one type variable tuple may appear in a single + list of type arguments or type parameters:: + + x: tuple[*Ts, *Ts] # Not valid + class Array(Generic[*Shape, *Shape]): # Not valid + pass + + Finally, an unpacked type variable tuple can be used as the type annotation + of ``*args``:: + + def call_soon( + callback: Callable[[*Ts], None], + *args: *Ts + ) -> None: + ... + callback(*args) + + In contrast to non-unpacked annotations of ``*args`` - e.g. ``*args: int``, + which would specify that *all* arguments are ``int`` - ``*args: *Ts`` + enables reference to the types of the *individual* arguments in ``*args``. + Here, this allows us to ensure the types of the ``*args`` passed + to ``call_soon`` match the types of the (positional) arguments of + ``callback``. + + For more details on type variable tuples, see :pep:`646`. + + .. versionadded:: 3.11 + +.. data:: Unpack + + A typing operator that conceptually marks an object as having been + unpacked. For example, using the unpack operator ``*`` on a + :class:`type variable tuple <TypeVarTuple>` is equivalent to using ``Unpack`` + to mark the type variable tuple as having been unpacked:: + + Ts = TypeVarTuple('Ts') + tup: tuple[*Ts] + # Effectively does: + tup: tuple[Unpack[Ts]] + + In fact, ``Unpack`` can be used interchangeably with ``*`` in the context + of types. You might see ``Unpack`` being used explicitly in older versions + of Python, where ``*`` couldn't be used in certain places:: + + # In older versions of Python, TypeVarTuple and Unpack + # are located in the `typing_extensions` backports package. + from typing_extensions import TypeVarTuple, Unpack + + Ts = TypeVarTuple('Ts') + tup: tuple[*Ts] # Syntax error on Python <= 3.10! + tup: tuple[Unpack[Ts]] # Semantically equivalent, and backwards-compatible + .. class:: ParamSpec(name, *, bound=None, covariant=False, contravariant=False) Parameter specification variable. A specialized version of

1 0

bpo-46484:Add test for Calendar.iterweekdays (GH-30825)
by miss-islington April 4, 2022

April 4, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/6b4b892e0962a7050c5064133c59955691… commit: 6b4b892e0962a7050c5064133c59955691f9776c branch: 3.10 author: Miss Islington (bot) <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: miss-islington <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> date: 2022-04-04T10:43:38-07:00 summary: bpo-46484:Add test for Calendar.iterweekdays (GH-30825) (cherry picked from commit 48269ea9fdbc5804f80962364f95e69097c417ba) Co-authored-by: 180909 <734461790(a)qq.com> files: M Lib/test/test_calendar.py M Misc/ACKS diff --git a/Lib/test/test_calendar.py b/Lib/test/test_calendar.py index 39094ad6fd9ab..5ae2b66ff3b5f 100644 --- a/Lib/test/test_calendar.py +++ b/Lib/test/test_calendar.py @@ -619,6 +619,14 @@ def test_itermonthdays2(self): self.assertEqual(days[0][1], firstweekday) self.assertEqual(days[-1][1], (firstweekday - 1) % 7) + def test_iterweekdays(self): + week0 = list(range(7)) + for firstweekday in range(7): + cal = calendar.Calendar(firstweekday) + week = list(cal.iterweekdays()) + expected = week0[firstweekday:] + week0[:firstweekday] + self.assertEqual(week, expected) + class MonthCalendarTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS index 1f1364e4f0bb8..ab4a037d298b5 100644 --- a/Misc/ACKS +++ b/Misc/ACKS @@ -1875,6 +1875,7 @@ Jacob Walls Kevin Walzer Rodrigo Steinmuller Wanderley Dingyuan Wang +Jiahua Wang Ke Wang Liang-Bo Wang Greg Ward

1 0

bpo-46484:Add test for Calendar.iterweekdays (GH-30825)
by miss-islington April 4, 2022

April 4, 2022

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/5b4bc61d897c956c245a907807d0073aaa… commit: 5b4bc61d897c956c245a907807d0073aaa35f1c3 branch: 3.9 author: Miss Islington (bot) <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> committer: miss-islington <31488909+miss-islington(a)users.noreply.github.com> date: 2022-04-04T10:41:50-07:00 summary: bpo-46484:Add test for Calendar.iterweekdays (GH-30825) (cherry picked from commit 48269ea9fdbc5804f80962364f95e69097c417ba) Co-authored-by: 180909 <734461790(a)qq.com> files: M Lib/test/test_calendar.py M Misc/ACKS diff --git a/Lib/test/test_calendar.py b/Lib/test/test_calendar.py index 6241d114d3382..d6170c7e814fa 100644 --- a/Lib/test/test_calendar.py +++ b/Lib/test/test_calendar.py @@ -595,6 +595,14 @@ def test_itermonthdays2(self): self.assertEqual(days[0][1], firstweekday) self.assertEqual(days[-1][1], (firstweekday - 1) % 7) + def test_iterweekdays(self): + week0 = list(range(7)) + for firstweekday in range(7): + cal = calendar.Calendar(firstweekday) + week = list(cal.iterweekdays()) + expected = week0[firstweekday:] + week0[:firstweekday] + self.assertEqual(week, expected) + class MonthCalendarTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS index d043195a7b550..d8bb5e465015d 100644 --- a/Misc/ACKS +++ b/Misc/ACKS @@ -1840,6 +1840,7 @@ Jacob Walls Kevin Walzer Rodrigo Steinmuller Wanderley Dingyuan Wang +Jiahua Wang Ke Wang Liang-Bo Wang Greg Ward

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